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Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molo...

Ellison, Kevin.

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Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater)./
作者:	Ellison, Kevin.
面頁冊數:	239 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6234.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-12B.
標題:	Biology, Zoology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ97269
ISBN:	9780612972698

Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater).
Ellison, Kevin.

Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater). - 239 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6234.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Manitoba (Canada), 2005.

Obligate brood parasites are characterized as host specialists or host generalists based on the number of hosts regularly parasitized within avian communities. For instance, despite parasitization of several species' nests, individual cuckoo demes, or gentes, are maintained by matrilinear specialization on one host species (Gibbs et al. 2000). By contrast, individual Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) parasitize multiple host species (Gibbs et al. 1997, Alderson et al. 1999, Hahn et al. 1999). These findings, combined with phylogenetic trends in host number and divergence time (Rothstein et al. 2002) lead to the central question whether generalism is a stable strategy or a pre-condition along an evolutionary pathway to specialism. More simply put, would every obligate brood parasite species become a host specialist given enough time for host-parasite coevolutionary cycles? The molothrine cowbirds comprise a recently derived (3.8--0.8 mya) group of brood parasites, whereas the Cuculinae have been extant 3--4 times as long and are highly specialized (Rothstein et al. 2002). Cowbirds range from specialists that use one host species to generalists that use >200 species as hosts. Therefore the cowbirds provide an excellent opportunity to study the derivation of reproductive strategies, especially fecundity, selectivity of hosts and mating systems.

ISBN: 9780612972698Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018632
Biology, Zoology.

Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater).
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245 1 0 $a Host use by sympatric cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus and M. ater).
300 $a 239 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-12, Section: B, page: 6234.
500 $a Adviser: Spencer G. Sealy.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Manitoba (Canada), 2005.
520 $a Obligate brood parasites are characterized as host specialists or host generalists based on the number of hosts regularly parasitized within avian communities. For instance, despite parasitization of several species' nests, individual cuckoo demes, or gentes, are maintained by matrilinear specialization on one host species (Gibbs et al. 2000). By contrast, individual Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) parasitize multiple host species (Gibbs et al. 1997, Alderson et al. 1999, Hahn et al. 1999). These findings, combined with phylogenetic trends in host number and divergence time (Rothstein et al. 2002) lead to the central question whether generalism is a stable strategy or a pre-condition along an evolutionary pathway to specialism. More simply put, would every obligate brood parasite species become a host specialist given enough time for host-parasite coevolutionary cycles? The molothrine cowbirds comprise a recently derived (3.8--0.8 mya) group of brood parasites, whereas the Cuculinae have been extant 3--4 times as long and are highly specialized (Rothstein et al. 2002). Cowbirds range from specialists that use one host species to generalists that use >200 species as hosts. Therefore the cowbirds provide an excellent opportunity to study the derivation of reproductive strategies, especially fecundity, selectivity of hosts and mating systems.
520 $a The three most recently derived cowbirds (Bronzed [M. aeneus ], Brown-headed, and Shiny [M. bonariensis] cowbirds) are host generalists. Host use by these species has been described as ranging from random (Rothstein 1976, Kaftan 1997) to relatively selective (Wiley 1988, Grant and Sealy 2000, Woolfenden et al. 2003). These opposing characterizations stem from differential attention to the apparent wasting of inappropriately laid eggs and relatively specific host use within diverse avian communities. However, the costs and benefits of cowbird behavior rarely have been assessed holistically. First, what is the relative value of an egg to an individual cowbird? How appropriate are laying decisions relative to the availability of alternative nests not parasitized? How much time is budgeted for locating host nests relative to feeding and social activities? These are the questions I have addressed through the analysis of Brown-headed and Bronzed cowbird life histories (overview in Chapter 1). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 65-12B.
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790 $a 0303
791 $a Ph.D.
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