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Anaerobic wastewater treatment syste...

Yerkes, Douglas Woodford.

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Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress./
作者:	Yerkes, Douglas Woodford.
面頁冊數:	200 p.
附註:	Director: Richard E. Speece.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International57-08B.
標題:	Chemistry, Biochemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9700479

Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress.
Yerkes, Douglas Woodford.

Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress. - 200 p.

Director: Richard E. Speece.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Vanderbilt University, 1996.

In this study, issues involving anaerobic biological treatment for BOD removal from high salinity industrial wastewaters are addressed. Several significant findings are presented: (1) Methanogenic systems can acclimate to sodium concentrations as high as 750 mM within 60 to 80 days; (2) The conversion of volatile fatty acids to methane is the rate limiting step when sodium toxicity hinders the removal of readily degradable substrates, i.e., sucrose; (3) The bulk cations calcium, magnesium, and potassium appear to antagonize sodium toxicity, while trace metals are ineffective; (4) The compatible solutes betaine, choline, and proline have remarkable antagonistic effects toward sodium toxicity, and betaine appears to be the most effective of the three; (5) Sodium is implicated in odor problems in anaerobic systems, as dimethylsulfide release is shown to increase with sodium concentration.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017722
Chemistry, Biochemistry.

Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress.
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100 1 $a Yerkes, Douglas Woodford. $3 1297226
245 1 0 $a Anaerobic wastewater treatment systems under high salinity stress.
300 $a 200 p.
500 $a Director: Richard E. Speece.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-08, Section: B, page: 5303.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Vanderbilt University, 1996.
520 $a In this study, issues involving anaerobic biological treatment for BOD removal from high salinity industrial wastewaters are addressed. Several significant findings are presented: (1) Methanogenic systems can acclimate to sodium concentrations as high as 750 mM within 60 to 80 days; (2) The conversion of volatile fatty acids to methane is the rate limiting step when sodium toxicity hinders the removal of readily degradable substrates, i.e., sucrose; (3) The bulk cations calcium, magnesium, and potassium appear to antagonize sodium toxicity, while trace metals are ineffective; (4) The compatible solutes betaine, choline, and proline have remarkable antagonistic effects toward sodium toxicity, and betaine appears to be the most effective of the three; (5) Sodium is implicated in odor problems in anaerobic systems, as dimethylsulfide release is shown to increase with sodium concentration.
520 $a Specific attention is given in this study to methanogens, the most toxicity labile group of the anaerobic consortia. Physiological and systemic responses of methanogenic cultures to sudden changes in wastewater salinity. i.e., sodium, were investigated. A background sodium concentration of 71 mM was maintained in all cultures, and the sodium concentrations indicated throughout the text are in addition to this 71 mM background. A high sodium concentration (500 mM to 750 mM) is shown to cause a delay in methane production from batch reactors fed acetic acid, and the rate of methane production drops as well. With proper acclimation, stable and efficient methane production was observed for 500 mM and 750 mM Na$\sp+.$ A sodium inhibition constant, K$\rm\sb{i},$ of 295 mM was determined for acetic acid fed Methanosarcina enrichment in batch systems. In fluidized bed reactors fed sucrose, high sodium concentrations caused increases in effluent volatile fatty acids and COD and decreases in gas production and pH--all symptoms of inhibited methanogenesis.
520 $a The effects of sodium toxicity inhibitors, e.g. potassium and other metal cations and numerous organic solutes including betaine, toward methanogenesis in high sodium environments were also explored. The presence of moderately high concentrations (25 mM) of calcium, magnesium, and potassium was found to stimulate methane production, while trace metal cations were found to be of little significant value in antagonizing sodium toxicity. It was demonstrated that low concentrations (1 mM) of betaine and choline will greatly decrease the symptoms of sodium toxicity in batch reactors, CSTRs, and fluidized beds.
520 $a Toxicity stress indicators such as dimethylsulfide and toxicity management strategies are discussed. The presence of elevated dimethylsulfide concentrations in the headgas of batch reactors under sodium stress is demonstrated, and the dimethylsulfide precursor dimethylsulfonium propionate is shown to be present in Methanosarcina enrichments at high sodium concentrations.
590 $a School code: 0242.
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Engineering, Chemical. $3 1018531
650 4 $a Engineering, Environmental. $3 783782
650 4 $a Engineering, Sanitary and Municipal. $3 1018731
690 $a 0487
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690 $a 0554
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710 2 0 $a Vanderbilt University. $3 1017501
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 57-08B.
790 $a 0242
790 1 0 $a Speece, Richard E., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1996
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9700479