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The constraints of working memory ca...

Blasko, Dawn G.

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The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy./
Author:	Blasko, Dawn G.
Description:	173 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-02, Section: B, page: 0616.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International55-02B.
Subject:	Language, Linguistics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9417854

The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy.
Blasko, Dawn G.

The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy. - 173 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-02, Section: B, page: 0616.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, 1993.

Three experiments investigated issues concerning the indeterminacy of linguistic meaning. In Experiment 1a subjects read a series of sentences using the word by word moving window technique. The sentences contained an ambiguous word, or matched control, that was located either before or after disambiguating information. Three types of ambiguities were used, unbiased homonyms-lexical ambiguities with no strongly dominant meaning (PITCHER--baseball, container), biased homonyms in which one meaning was strongly dominant (MINT--flavor, money), and polysemous adjectives with related meanings (WARM--moderate temperature, friendly). Based on their scores on the working memory span test, subjects were divided into high and low span groups. The overall results showed that subjects spent more time reading the unbiased words in the absence of prior disambiguation, reflecting the access and integration of multiple meanings. When context preceded the target, biased words were read somewhat slower than their controls. This effect spilled over into the post-target region for low span subjects. The polysemous words were read as quickly as the controls both before and after biasing context. When context followed a biased homonym, subjects spent longer in the disambiguating region. Experiment 1b used eye-movement recordings to replicate the context and ambiguity effects found in Experiment 1a. The results showed a similar pattern of results to that found in Experiment 1a, except that more time was spent in the disambiguating region when it followed the target for both the biased and polysemous ambiguities. However, the effect for the polysemous ambiguities was half the size of that found for the biased ambiguities. Experiment 2 explored a higher level of semantic indeterminacy, the processing of metaphors. Metaphors were chosen that differed in processing complexity. Low complex metaphors had a salient characteristic of the vehicle that was important to the interpretation of the metaphor, whereas high complex metaphors required a transformation of characteristics of the vehicle to fit the topic. Processing difficulty was manipulated by presenting the metaphors in either normal order (topic-vehicle) or in reversed order (vehicle-topic). There was no overall effect of complexity. The reversed order caused a literal garden path which was particularly difficult for low span readers and this effect was larger in the high complex case. Implications for models of language processing are discussed.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018079
Language, Linguistics.

The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy.
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035 $a (UMI)AAI9417854
035 $a AAI9417854
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Blasko, Dawn G. $3 1294185
245 1 4 $a The constraints of working memory capacity on the resolution of semantic indeterminacy.
300 $a 173 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-02, Section: B, page: 0616.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, 1993.
520 $a Three experiments investigated issues concerning the indeterminacy of linguistic meaning. In Experiment 1a subjects read a series of sentences using the word by word moving window technique. The sentences contained an ambiguous word, or matched control, that was located either before or after disambiguating information. Three types of ambiguities were used, unbiased homonyms-lexical ambiguities with no strongly dominant meaning (PITCHER--baseball, container), biased homonyms in which one meaning was strongly dominant (MINT--flavor, money), and polysemous adjectives with related meanings (WARM--moderate temperature, friendly). Based on their scores on the working memory span test, subjects were divided into high and low span groups. The overall results showed that subjects spent more time reading the unbiased words in the absence of prior disambiguation, reflecting the access and integration of multiple meanings. When context preceded the target, biased words were read somewhat slower than their controls. This effect spilled over into the post-target region for low span subjects. The polysemous words were read as quickly as the controls both before and after biasing context. When context followed a biased homonym, subjects spent longer in the disambiguating region. Experiment 1b used eye-movement recordings to replicate the context and ambiguity effects found in Experiment 1a. The results showed a similar pattern of results to that found in Experiment 1a, except that more time was spent in the disambiguating region when it followed the target for both the biased and polysemous ambiguities. However, the effect for the polysemous ambiguities was half the size of that found for the biased ambiguities. Experiment 2 explored a higher level of semantic indeterminacy, the processing of metaphors. Metaphors were chosen that differed in processing complexity. Low complex metaphors had a salient characteristic of the vehicle that was important to the interpretation of the metaphor, whereas high complex metaphors required a transformation of characteristics of the vehicle to fit the topic. Processing difficulty was manipulated by presenting the metaphors in either normal order (topic-vehicle) or in reversed order (vehicle-topic). There was no overall effect of complexity. The reversed order caused a literal garden path which was particularly difficult for low span readers and this effect was larger in the high complex case. Implications for models of language processing are discussed.
590 $a School code: 0792.
650 4 $a Language, Linguistics. $3 1018079
650 4 $a Psychology, Experimental. $3 517106
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710 2 0 $a State University of New York at Binghamton. $3 737493
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 55-02B.
790 $a 0792
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1993
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9417854