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An examination of proposed physiolog...

Petruzzello, Steven Joseph.

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An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety./
Author:	Petruzzello, Steven Joseph.
Description:	223 p.
Notes:	Chairperson: Daniel M. Landers.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International52-04B.
Subject:	Education, Physical. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9124831

An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety.
Petruzzello, Steven Joseph.

An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety. - 223 p.

Chairperson: Daniel M. Landers.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Arizona State University, 1991.

Exercise has long been associated with positive alterations in affective states (e.g., reduced anxiety). Few investigators have examined mechanisms that may cause this effect. The purpose of the present series of studies was to examine the viability of both physiological and psychological explanations that have been proposed. The thermogenic hypothesis, which posits that affective change is due to elevations in body temperature, was tested in Study 1. The hypothesis describes a negative relationship between temperature and anxiety, but the results indicated that this relationship is positive. In addition, anxiety responses to three different temperature elevations were not in the direction predicted by the hypothesis. It is also possible that affective changes following exercise are due to alterations in activation of the two hemispheres of the brain. The cerebral lateralization hypothesis would predict that an increase in right hemisphere alpha activity, particularly in the anterior regions of the brain, would lead to improvements in affect. The results from Study 2 did not support this hypothesis. There were few significant changes in brain activity from pre- to postexercise, suggesting that future research use larger samples of subjects when examining EEG questions. Psychological explanations, independent of any physiological alterations, may also be efficacious in understanding the exercise-affect relationship. Study 3 examined the expectancy hypothesis, which posits that anxiety reductions following exercise occur in large part because the individual expects them to. This expectation could have developed from previous self-observation, persuasion, or modeling. The results of Study 3 supported this explanation since (a) expected anxiety reduction explained a sizable portion of the variance in actual anxiety reduction, and (b) there were no differences between actual and imagined exercise. It seems reasonable to propose that affective changes seen with exercise cannot be adequately explained by either psychological or physiological mechanisms alone. Alterations in hemispheric functioning and increases in body temperature do not seem to be efficacious explanations for understanding anxiety reduction. Although expectancies regarding exercise did account for a fairly sizable portion of the variance, a good deal was left unexplained. Future research needs to address the question of "why is exercise associated with anxiety reduction?" by examining viable mechanisms and trying to explain the relationship between exercise and affect.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018000
Education, Physical.

An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety.
LDR:03493nam 2200277 a 45 001 965655
005 20110906
008 110906s1991 eng d
035 $a (UMI)AAI9124831
035 $a AAI9124831
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Petruzzello, Steven Joseph. $3 1288425
245 1 3 $a An examination of proposed physiological and psychological mechanisms for exercise-related reductions in anxiety.
300 $a 223 p.
500 $a Chairperson: Daniel M. Landers.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-04, Section: B, page: 2347.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Arizona State University, 1991.
520 $a Exercise has long been associated with positive alterations in affective states (e.g., reduced anxiety). Few investigators have examined mechanisms that may cause this effect. The purpose of the present series of studies was to examine the viability of both physiological and psychological explanations that have been proposed. The thermogenic hypothesis, which posits that affective change is due to elevations in body temperature, was tested in Study 1. The hypothesis describes a negative relationship between temperature and anxiety, but the results indicated that this relationship is positive. In addition, anxiety responses to three different temperature elevations were not in the direction predicted by the hypothesis. It is also possible that affective changes following exercise are due to alterations in activation of the two hemispheres of the brain. The cerebral lateralization hypothesis would predict that an increase in right hemisphere alpha activity, particularly in the anterior regions of the brain, would lead to improvements in affect. The results from Study 2 did not support this hypothesis. There were few significant changes in brain activity from pre- to postexercise, suggesting that future research use larger samples of subjects when examining EEG questions. Psychological explanations, independent of any physiological alterations, may also be efficacious in understanding the exercise-affect relationship. Study 3 examined the expectancy hypothesis, which posits that anxiety reductions following exercise occur in large part because the individual expects them to. This expectation could have developed from previous self-observation, persuasion, or modeling. The results of Study 3 supported this explanation since (a) expected anxiety reduction explained a sizable portion of the variance in actual anxiety reduction, and (b) there were no differences between actual and imagined exercise. It seems reasonable to propose that affective changes seen with exercise cannot be adequately explained by either psychological or physiological mechanisms alone. Alterations in hemispheric functioning and increases in body temperature do not seem to be efficacious explanations for understanding anxiety reduction. Although expectancies regarding exercise did account for a fairly sizable portion of the variance, a good deal was left unexplained. Future research needs to address the question of "why is exercise associated with anxiety reduction?" by examining viable mechanisms and trying to explain the relationship between exercise and affect.
590 $a School code: 0010.
650 4 $a Education, Physical. $3 1018000
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Mental Health. $3 1017693
650 4 $a Psychology, Psychobiology. $3 1017821
690 $a 0347
690 $a 0349
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710 2 0 $a Arizona State University. $3 1017445
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 52-04B.
790 $a 0010
790 1 0 $a Landers, Daniel M., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1991
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9124831