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Organ positioning in the Drosophila ...

Vining, Melissa S.

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Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions./
Author:	Vining, Melissa S.
Description:	266 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Deborah Andrew.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-04B.
Subject:	Biology, Animal Physiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3213824
ISBN:	9780542645266

Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions.
Vining, Melissa S.

Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions. - 266 p.

Adviser: Deborah Andrew.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2006.

The Drosophila embryonic salivary glands provide an excellent model system to investigate such processes as cell fate specification, tube formation, and organ positioning. The salivary glands are unbranched, epithelial tubes that reach their final position within the embryo through a well defined series of morphogenetic movements. Each gland begins as a placode of cells on the ventral ectodermal surface of the embryo. These cells invaginate, forming a tube that elongates dorsally until it contacts the overlying visceral mesoderm. The gland then turns and undergoes active posterior migration until its long axis is parallel to the anterior-posterior of the embryo. To gain insight into the factors that direct salivary gland movement and the extracellular matrix molecules that mediate gland migration, I took a descriptive approach to determine the tissues that surround the glands in a spatial and temporal manner. I found that the glands directly contact five tissues during their embryonic development: the visceral mesoderm, gastric caecae, somatic mesoderm, fat body, and central nervous system. Through mutational analysis, I discovered that each of these tissues has a distinct influence on the morphogenesis of the salivary gland. Proper visceral mesoderm differentiation is required for late stages of salivary gland positioning whereas somatic mesoderm differentiation may be essential to invagination and subsequent posterior migration of the glands. In addition, I showed that the segment polarity gene, gooseberry , is expressed in the fat body and controls expression of signals that direct the migration of the glands. The descriptive analysis provided the foundation for further study in which I sought to determine some of the molecules and signaling pathways that play a more direct role in guiding the movement of the gland. By focusing on signaling pathways that play a conserved role in cell migration, I identified several promising candidates. These include the G-protein coupled receptor, trapped in endoderm-1 ( tre1) and the axon guidance molecule, semaphorin2a (sema2a). These genes are both expressed in and required for normal positioning of the gland. My findings further the understanding of how three dimensional constraints and communication between surrounding tissues influence the morphogenesis and position of an organ.

ISBN: 9780542645266Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017835
Biology, Animal Physiology.

Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions.
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245 1 0 $a Organ positioning in the Drosophila embryo requires complex signaling pathways and tissue-tissue interactions.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1784.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2006.
520 $a The Drosophila embryonic salivary glands provide an excellent model system to investigate such processes as cell fate specification, tube formation, and organ positioning. The salivary glands are unbranched, epithelial tubes that reach their final position within the embryo through a well defined series of morphogenetic movements. Each gland begins as a placode of cells on the ventral ectodermal surface of the embryo. These cells invaginate, forming a tube that elongates dorsally until it contacts the overlying visceral mesoderm. The gland then turns and undergoes active posterior migration until its long axis is parallel to the anterior-posterior of the embryo. To gain insight into the factors that direct salivary gland movement and the extracellular matrix molecules that mediate gland migration, I took a descriptive approach to determine the tissues that surround the glands in a spatial and temporal manner. I found that the glands directly contact five tissues during their embryonic development: the visceral mesoderm, gastric caecae, somatic mesoderm, fat body, and central nervous system. Through mutational analysis, I discovered that each of these tissues has a distinct influence on the morphogenesis of the salivary gland. Proper visceral mesoderm differentiation is required for late stages of salivary gland positioning whereas somatic mesoderm differentiation may be essential to invagination and subsequent posterior migration of the glands. In addition, I showed that the segment polarity gene, gooseberry , is expressed in the fat body and controls expression of signals that direct the migration of the glands. The descriptive analysis provided the foundation for further study in which I sought to determine some of the molecules and signaling pathways that play a more direct role in guiding the movement of the gland. By focusing on signaling pathways that play a conserved role in cell migration, I identified several promising candidates. These include the G-protein coupled receptor, trapped in endoderm-1 ( tre1) and the axon guidance molecule, semaphorin2a (sema2a). These genes are both expressed in and required for normal positioning of the gland. My findings further the understanding of how three dimensional constraints and communication between surrounding tissues influence the morphogenesis and position of an organ.
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