東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Transport of organic pollutants and ...

Raff, Jonathan Daniel.

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates .

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates ./
Author:	Raff, Jonathan Daniel.
Description:	238 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Ronald A. Hites.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-11B.
Subject:	Atmospheric Sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3292440
ISBN:	9780549354550

Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates .
Raff, Jonathan Daniel.

Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates . - 238 p.

Adviser: Ronald A. Hites.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2007.

Suspended sediment samples from &sim;30 locations along the Mississippi River and six of its major tributaries collected between 2002 and 2003 were found to contain high levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as toxaphene and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. We found that the loss of these pollutants from terrestrial source areas via rivers is insignificant compared to loss via volatilization into the atmosphere. Analysis of pollutants in a sediment core from Siskiwit lake on Isle Royale, a remote island in Lake Superior support the theory that PBDEs undergo long-range atmospheric transport from source areas to regions where they were never used. The congener pattern of PBDEs in the lake sediment suggests that multiple processes act to remove PBDEs from the atmosphere after they are volatilized. Atmospheric removal of PBDEs due to processes such as reactions with OH radical and photolysis were studied using a heated small-volume reaction chamber with online detection of reactants and products by mass spectrometry. Relative rate constants for the reaction of OH with 7 diphenyl ethers having 0 to 2 bromine substituents were determined. Photolysis decays measured for selected PBDE congeners in the gas-phase were substantial, indicating that their photolysis quantum yields are significant. Dibenzofuran production was observed when PBDE congeners containing ortho-bromines were photolyzed in helium. From estimates of removal rates of PBDEs from the lower troposphere, we find that wet and dry deposition account for greater than 95% of the removal of BDE-209, while photolysis accounts for about 90% of the removal of gas-phase congeners such as BDE-47. These results help explain the deposition patterns of PBDEs found in lake and river sediments and have important implications concerning the inclusion of photolysis as a fate process in multi-media models. Relative rate constants were also determined for the reaction of OH with acetone and 3-buten-2-ol. Product studies were carried out for the reaction of OH with acetone and alpha-pinene and show that secondary and heterogeneous reactions may impact product yields measured in laboratory systems.

ISBN: 9780549354550Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019179
Atmospheric Sciences.

Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates .
LDR:03090nam 2200289 a 45 001 945970
005 20110523
008 110523s2007 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780549354550
035 $a (UMI)AAI3292440
035 $a AAI3292440
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Raff, Jonathan Daniel. $3 1269379
245 1 0 $a Transport of organic pollutants and their atmospheric fates .
300 $a 238 p.
500 $a Adviser: Ronald A. Hites.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: B, page: 7189.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2007.
520 $a Suspended sediment samples from &sim;30 locations along the Mississippi River and six of its major tributaries collected between 2002 and 2003 were found to contain high levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as toxaphene and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. We found that the loss of these pollutants from terrestrial source areas via rivers is insignificant compared to loss via volatilization into the atmosphere. Analysis of pollutants in a sediment core from Siskiwit lake on Isle Royale, a remote island in Lake Superior support the theory that PBDEs undergo long-range atmospheric transport from source areas to regions where they were never used. The congener pattern of PBDEs in the lake sediment suggests that multiple processes act to remove PBDEs from the atmosphere after they are volatilized. Atmospheric removal of PBDEs due to processes such as reactions with OH radical and photolysis were studied using a heated small-volume reaction chamber with online detection of reactants and products by mass spectrometry. Relative rate constants for the reaction of OH with 7 diphenyl ethers having 0 to 2 bromine substituents were determined. Photolysis decays measured for selected PBDE congeners in the gas-phase were substantial, indicating that their photolysis quantum yields are significant. Dibenzofuran production was observed when PBDE congeners containing ortho-bromines were photolyzed in helium. From estimates of removal rates of PBDEs from the lower troposphere, we find that wet and dry deposition account for greater than 95% of the removal of BDE-209, while photolysis accounts for about 90% of the removal of gas-phase congeners such as BDE-47. These results help explain the deposition patterns of PBDEs found in lake and river sediments and have important implications concerning the inclusion of photolysis as a fate process in multi-media models. Relative rate constants were also determined for the reaction of OH with acetone and 3-buten-2-ol. Product studies were carried out for the reaction of OH with acetone and alpha-pinene and show that secondary and heterogeneous reactions may impact product yields measured in laboratory systems.
590 $a School code: 0093.
650 4 $a Atmospheric Sciences. $3 1019179
650 4 $a Chemistry, Physical. $3 560527
650 4 $a Environmental Sciences. $3 676987
690 $a 0494
690 $a 0725
690 $a 0768
710 2 $a Indiana University. $b Environmental Science. $3 1269380
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 68-11B.
790 $a 0093
790 1 0 $a Hites, Ronald A., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2007
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3292440