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Plant water use strategies: Physiol...

Zea-Cabrera, Gustavo Eduardo.

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Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics./
Author:	Zea-Cabrera, Gustavo Eduardo.
Description:	85 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Simon A. Levin.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-02B.
Subject:	Biology, Botany. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3080043

Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics.
Zea-Cabrera, Gustavo Eduardo.

Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics. - 85 p.

Adviser: Simon A. Levin.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2003.

One of the most striking features of water-limited ecosystems is that despite being controlled by a single limiting resource, they exhibit a great diversity of plant morpho-physiological strategies. In this dissertation I explore some ideas that attempt to explain how this diversity originates and is maintained in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. In the first chapter I address the morpho-physiological basis of plant water use strategy, and explore how rainfall stochasticity interacts with morpho-physiological diversity to determine the patterns of water use and carbon assimilation of different plants. Plants with contrasting combinations of morpho-physiological traits may have similar water-use characteristics, and achieve similar mean assimilation rates over the growing season, suggesting that adaptation depends on the ability of the plant to meet certain key functional requirements, which can be implemented through different plant syndromes. Stochasticity in rainfall shifts the optimum water-use strategy toward the conservative type, decreases mean assimilation for all strategies, and generates higher variance in assimilation for aggressive than for conservative water-use strategies. In the second chapter I consider a much simpler ecological model of plant competition for water, and use it to explore the effect of frequency dependence and of stochastic rainfall fluctuations on the coexistence of plant water-use strategies. Frequency dependence causes a “tragedy of the commons” effect, where the productivity of the competitive (or evolutionary) steady state is inferior to the productivity of the best monoculture strategy. Competitive superiority is achieved by minimizing the steady state soil moisture, and this can be achieved by increasing transpiration rate or by increasing drought tolerance (lowering the wilting point). Stochasticity in rainfall fosters species coexistence through the “relative nonlinearity” mechanism, whereby soil moisture fluctuations increase the average soil moisture available to invading strategies. In the third and last chapter, I expand the model introduced in chapter 2 to consider the role of two mechanisms that potentially foster species coexistence: spatial structure in soil moisture dynamics and kin selection. I also compare the effects of different formulations of the soil moisture spatial process.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017825
Biology, Botany.

Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics.
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035 $a (UnM)AAI3080043
035 $a AAI3080043
040 $a UnM $c UnM
100 1 $a Zea-Cabrera, Gustavo Eduardo. $3 1261410
245 1 0 $a Plant water use strategies: Physiological mechanisms and ecological dynamics.
300 $a 85 p.
500 $a Adviser: Simon A. Levin.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-02, Section: B, page: 0519.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2003.
520 $a One of the most striking features of water-limited ecosystems is that despite being controlled by a single limiting resource, they exhibit a great diversity of plant morpho-physiological strategies. In this dissertation I explore some ideas that attempt to explain how this diversity originates and is maintained in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. In the first chapter I address the morpho-physiological basis of plant water use strategy, and explore how rainfall stochasticity interacts with morpho-physiological diversity to determine the patterns of water use and carbon assimilation of different plants. Plants with contrasting combinations of morpho-physiological traits may have similar water-use characteristics, and achieve similar mean assimilation rates over the growing season, suggesting that adaptation depends on the ability of the plant to meet certain key functional requirements, which can be implemented through different plant syndromes. Stochasticity in rainfall shifts the optimum water-use strategy toward the conservative type, decreases mean assimilation for all strategies, and generates higher variance in assimilation for aggressive than for conservative water-use strategies. In the second chapter I consider a much simpler ecological model of plant competition for water, and use it to explore the effect of frequency dependence and of stochastic rainfall fluctuations on the coexistence of plant water-use strategies. Frequency dependence causes a “tragedy of the commons” effect, where the productivity of the competitive (or evolutionary) steady state is inferior to the productivity of the best monoculture strategy. Competitive superiority is achieved by minimizing the steady state soil moisture, and this can be achieved by increasing transpiration rate or by increasing drought tolerance (lowering the wilting point). Stochasticity in rainfall fosters species coexistence through the “relative nonlinearity” mechanism, whereby soil moisture fluctuations increase the average soil moisture available to invading strategies. In the third and last chapter, I expand the model introduced in chapter 2 to consider the role of two mechanisms that potentially foster species coexistence: spatial structure in soil moisture dynamics and kin selection. I also compare the effects of different formulations of the soil moisture spatial process.
590 $a School code: 0181.
650 4 $a Biology, Botany. $3 1017825
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Biology, Plant Physiology. $3 1017865
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710 2 0 $a Princeton University. $3 645579
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-02B.
790 $a 0181
790 1 0 $a Levin, Simon A., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2003
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3080043