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Bone strength and body composition i...

University of Minnesota.

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Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies./
Author:	Wetzsteon, Rachel Jean.
Description:	115 p.
Notes:	Advisers: Moira A. Petit; Thomas A. Stoffregen.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-08B.
Subject:	Biology, Physiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3279721
ISBN:	9780549209478

Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies.
Wetzsteon, Rachel Jean.

Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies. - 115 p.

Advisers: Moira A. Petit; Thomas A. Stoffregen.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2007.

Mechanical loading due to physical activity and muscle force is particularly important during childhood for optimization of bone strength. Understanding factors that may interact with the response to loading is significant for characterizing normal bone development. The 4 studies discussed in this dissertation included multiethnic children aged 8-12 years. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was used to assess volumetric bone density, bone area, estimates of bone strength, and muscle cross-sectional area. Part I of this dissertation revealed that overweight children have greater bone strength compared to healthy-weight children, but it is adapted to their muscle mass. Furthermore, change in bone strength was significantly associated with change in lean mass, but not fat mass. Part II indicated that ethnic differences in bone strength are apparent in childhood. African American and Hispanic children had greater bone strength than Caucasian children. Since differences were apparent despite accounting for limb length and muscle size, there may be ethnic differences in bone's ability to sense and adapt to load. Part III was a descriptive study to quantify the oxygen uptake, heart rate, and ground reaction forces of an active video game, called Dance Dance Revolution (DDR). We showed that an active video game has potential to benefit both cardiovascular and bone health. The magnitude of the forces associated with DDR play was less compared to running and jumping, but the unusual distribution of the forces may be osteogenic. Finally, Part IV suggested that a 5-month intervention did not elicit a benefit to bone strength, body composition, or cardiovascular fitness in children who played DDR in an after-school program. This dissertation is novel because we measured bone strength by pQCT and the results were interpreted from a mechanical perspective. Furthermore, we employed a unique intervention that could benefit both cardiovascular and bone health.

ISBN: 9780549209478Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017816
Biology, Physiology.

Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies.
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245 1 0 $a Bone strength and body composition in pediatric multiethnic populations: Descriptive and intervention studies.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-08, Section: B, page: 5051.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2007.
520 $a Mechanical loading due to physical activity and muscle force is particularly important during childhood for optimization of bone strength. Understanding factors that may interact with the response to loading is significant for characterizing normal bone development. The 4 studies discussed in this dissertation included multiethnic children aged 8-12 years. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was used to assess volumetric bone density, bone area, estimates of bone strength, and muscle cross-sectional area. Part I of this dissertation revealed that overweight children have greater bone strength compared to healthy-weight children, but it is adapted to their muscle mass. Furthermore, change in bone strength was significantly associated with change in lean mass, but not fat mass. Part II indicated that ethnic differences in bone strength are apparent in childhood. African American and Hispanic children had greater bone strength than Caucasian children. Since differences were apparent despite accounting for limb length and muscle size, there may be ethnic differences in bone's ability to sense and adapt to load. Part III was a descriptive study to quantify the oxygen uptake, heart rate, and ground reaction forces of an active video game, called Dance Dance Revolution (DDR). We showed that an active video game has potential to benefit both cardiovascular and bone health. The magnitude of the forces associated with DDR play was less compared to running and jumping, but the unusual distribution of the forces may be osteogenic. Finally, Part IV suggested that a 5-month intervention did not elicit a benefit to bone strength, body composition, or cardiovascular fitness in children who played DDR in an after-school program. This dissertation is novel because we measured bone strength by pQCT and the results were interpreted from a mechanical perspective. Furthermore, we employed a unique intervention that could benefit both cardiovascular and bone health.
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