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Physiological, proteomic, and whole-...

Oregon State University.

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Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes./
Author:	Park, Sunhwa.
Description:	111 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Roger L. Ely.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-04B.
Subject:	Biology, Molecular. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3308585
ISBN:	9780549555384

Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes.
Park, Sunhwa.

Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes. - 111 p.

Adviser: Roger L. Ely.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Oregon State University, 2008.

Nitrosomonas europaea (ATCC19718) participates in the biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater by oxidizing ammonia to nitrite, the first step in nitrification. This bacterium is sensitive to heavy metals (Zn2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg 2+) and cyanide, compounds commonly encountered in wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, we characterized physiological and transcriptional responses of N. europaea cells exposed to these inhibitors in batch reactors to identify stress-induced genes. N. europaea exposed to 3.4 muM ZnCl2 showed about 61% inhibition in nitrification within 30 minutes. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 3.4 muM ZnCl2 for 60 minutes, 27 genes were observed to be up regulated more than 2-fold, of the total of 2460 genes, while 30 genes were seen to be down regulated. Up-regulated genes included mercury resistance genes (merTPCAD), inorganic ion transport genes, oxidative stress genes, toxin-antitoxin genes (TA). merTPCAD was the highest up regulated operon (46-fold). Down-regulated genes included RubisCO (cbbO), biosynthesis (mrsA), and amino acid transporters. N. europaea exposed to 1 muM CdCl2, 6 muM HgCl2, or 8 muM CuCl2 showed about 90% inhibition in nitrification within 30 minutes. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 1 muM CdCl2 for 60 minutes, 66 genes were up regulated while 50 genes were down-regulated. merTPCADE showed the highest up regulation (277-fold) under cadmium stress. Interestingly, merA also showed 250-fold up regulation in N. europaea cells exposed to 6 muM HgCl2. Therefore, merTPCADE appear to be common stress response genes to zinc, cadmium, and mercury exposure. N. europaea cells were very sensitive to low concentrations of cyanide; nitrification decreased about 50% in 30 minutes after exposure to 1 muM NaCN. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 1 muM NaCN for 60 minutes, 35 genes showed up regulation while 29 genes showed down regulation. A gene cluster that included moeZ (NE2353), encoding a rhodanese homologue, thought to be involved in detoxification of cyanide, showed the highest up regulation (7-fold). The down-regulated genes included genes encoding proteins involved in the sulfate reduction pathway, signal transduction mechanism, carbohydrate transport, energy production, and coenzyme metabolism.

ISBN: 9780549555384Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017719
Biology, Molecular.

Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes.
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245 1 0 $a Physiological, proteomic, and whole-genome transcriptional responses of Nitrosomonas europaea to heavy metals (zinc 2+, cadmium 2+, copper 2+, and mercury 2+) and cyanide: Identification of heavy metals and cyanide stress response genes.
300 $a 111 p.
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520 $a Nitrosomonas europaea (ATCC19718) participates in the biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater by oxidizing ammonia to nitrite, the first step in nitrification. This bacterium is sensitive to heavy metals (Zn2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg 2+) and cyanide, compounds commonly encountered in wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, we characterized physiological and transcriptional responses of N. europaea cells exposed to these inhibitors in batch reactors to identify stress-induced genes. N. europaea exposed to 3.4 muM ZnCl2 showed about 61% inhibition in nitrification within 30 minutes. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 3.4 muM ZnCl2 for 60 minutes, 27 genes were observed to be up regulated more than 2-fold, of the total of 2460 genes, while 30 genes were seen to be down regulated. Up-regulated genes included mercury resistance genes (merTPCAD), inorganic ion transport genes, oxidative stress genes, toxin-antitoxin genes (TA). merTPCAD was the highest up regulated operon (46-fold). Down-regulated genes included RubisCO (cbbO), biosynthesis (mrsA), and amino acid transporters. N. europaea exposed to 1 muM CdCl2, 6 muM HgCl2, or 8 muM CuCl2 showed about 90% inhibition in nitrification within 30 minutes. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 1 muM CdCl2 for 60 minutes, 66 genes were up regulated while 50 genes were down-regulated. merTPCADE showed the highest up regulation (277-fold) under cadmium stress. Interestingly, merA also showed 250-fold up regulation in N. europaea cells exposed to 6 muM HgCl2. Therefore, merTPCADE appear to be common stress response genes to zinc, cadmium, and mercury exposure. N. europaea cells were very sensitive to low concentrations of cyanide; nitrification decreased about 50% in 30 minutes after exposure to 1 muM NaCN. In microarrays of N. europaea exposed to 1 muM NaCN for 60 minutes, 35 genes showed up regulation while 29 genes showed down regulation. A gene cluster that included moeZ (NE2353), encoding a rhodanese homologue, thought to be involved in detoxification of cyanide, showed the highest up regulation (7-fold). The down-regulated genes included genes encoding proteins involved in the sulfate reduction pathway, signal transduction mechanism, carbohydrate transport, energy production, and coenzyme metabolism.
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