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Identifying the distress cues social...

University of Washington.

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Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach./
Author:	Whitsett, Donna D.
Description:	162 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Yuichi Shoda.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-08B.
Subject:	Psychology, Personality. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3275924
ISBN:	9780549164203

Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach.
Whitsett, Donna D.

Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach. - 162 p.

Adviser: Yuichi Shoda.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2007.

Historically, social and personality psychology has taken a one-size-fits-all approach to the study of behavior. For example, research on helping behavior has focused on social influences (e.g., number of bystanders) presumed to apply to most individuals, or personality traits (e.g., helper's empathy) expected to influence most situations. This is in part because the field has lacked a framework and method for empirically asking if one size does in fact fit all. The Cognitive Affective Processing System (CAPS; Mischel & Shoda, 1995) provides such a framework, allowing one to understand how helping may vary across nominally similar situations as a function of the psychologically relevant features of situations. The current research developed a set of nominally similar situations that consisted of short video clips of 65 individuals disclosing in response to an identical stressor; all that varied from one clip to another was the manner in which each individual disclosed his or her distress. A qualitative analysis was first conducted to exhaustively identify the features of the 65 "situations" that are psychologically relevant for support providers' decisions to offer help. Second, a new group of participants viewed each of the 65 situations and rated the degree to which each support seeker "conveyed distress," "needed support," "desired support," and their own "willingness to provide support." Results indicated that expression of negative affect strongly predicted all four criterion variables. Furthermore, multi-level analyses showed that individuals reliably differed in the degree to which support seekers' negative affect was related to the support providers' decisions; variables including adult attachment predicted individual differences in the relations between the features and participants' responses. Third, examining the effect of emotion regulation on participants' responses showed that targets asked to suppress negative emotions were viewed as expressing more negative emotion and needing more help than targets not asked to suppress. However, participants were less willing to help suppressing targets, compared to those who were not asked to regulate their emotions. These results suggest that support providers may be more likely to help those expressing negative affect, except when that negative affect is a result of an attempt to suppress.

ISBN: 9780549164203Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017585
Psychology, Personality.

Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach.
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245 1 0 $a Identifying the distress cues social-support providers use when making support-relevant judgments: A highly-repeated within-subjects approach.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-08, Section: B, page: 5640.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2007.
520 $a Historically, social and personality psychology has taken a one-size-fits-all approach to the study of behavior. For example, research on helping behavior has focused on social influences (e.g., number of bystanders) presumed to apply to most individuals, or personality traits (e.g., helper's empathy) expected to influence most situations. This is in part because the field has lacked a framework and method for empirically asking if one size does in fact fit all. The Cognitive Affective Processing System (CAPS; Mischel & Shoda, 1995) provides such a framework, allowing one to understand how helping may vary across nominally similar situations as a function of the psychologically relevant features of situations. The current research developed a set of nominally similar situations that consisted of short video clips of 65 individuals disclosing in response to an identical stressor; all that varied from one clip to another was the manner in which each individual disclosed his or her distress. A qualitative analysis was first conducted to exhaustively identify the features of the 65 "situations" that are psychologically relevant for support providers' decisions to offer help. Second, a new group of participants viewed each of the 65 situations and rated the degree to which each support seeker "conveyed distress," "needed support," "desired support," and their own "willingness to provide support." Results indicated that expression of negative affect strongly predicted all four criterion variables. Furthermore, multi-level analyses showed that individuals reliably differed in the degree to which support seekers' negative affect was related to the support providers' decisions; variables including adult attachment predicted individual differences in the relations between the features and participants' responses. Third, examining the effect of emotion regulation on participants' responses showed that targets asked to suppress negative emotions were viewed as expressing more negative emotion and needing more help than targets not asked to suppress. However, participants were less willing to help suppressing targets, compared to those who were not asked to regulate their emotions. These results suggest that support providers may be more likely to help those expressing negative affect, except when that negative affect is a result of an attempt to suppress.
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