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Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as i...

Tulane University., Microbiology & Immunology.

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Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease./
Author:	Norton, Elizabeth B.
Notes:	Adviser: Lucy C. Freytag.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International70-03B.
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3349958
ISBN:	9781109064049

Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease.
Norton, Elizabeth B.

Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease.

Adviser: Lucy C. Freytag.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tulane University, 2009.

Despite available vaccines and therapies, pulmonary disease causes significant mortality and morbidity. Immunomodulation is an antigen-free strategy characterized by nonspecific immune activation, enhancing host defense to disease. To investigate the prophylactic possibilities of immunomodulation in the respiratory tract, we evaluated the effects of vaccine adjuvants on the pulmonary immune response before and after pathogen challenge. The adjuvants used are well characterized and promote strong immune responses with distinct immunological biases: Th2-biasing cholera toxin (CT), mixed Th1/Th2-biasing R192G heat-labile E. coli toxin (mLT), and Th1-biasing CpG ODNs.

ISBN: 9781109064049Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease.
LDR:03643nam 2200349 a 45 001 858307
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020 $a 9781109064049
035 $a (UMI)AAI3349958
035 $a AAI3349958
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Norton, Elizabeth B. $3 1025357
245 1 0 $a Evaluation of vaccine adjuvants as immunomodulators in pulmonary disease.
500 $a Adviser: Lucy C. Freytag.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: B, page: .
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tulane University, 2009.
520 $a Despite available vaccines and therapies, pulmonary disease causes significant mortality and morbidity. Immunomodulation is an antigen-free strategy characterized by nonspecific immune activation, enhancing host defense to disease. To investigate the prophylactic possibilities of immunomodulation in the respiratory tract, we evaluated the effects of vaccine adjuvants on the pulmonary immune response before and after pathogen challenge. The adjuvants used are well characterized and promote strong immune responses with distinct immunological biases: Th2-biasing cholera toxin (CT), mixed Th1/Th2-biasing R192G heat-labile E. coli toxin (mLT), and Th1-biasing CpG ODNs.
520 $a Groups of mice (CBA/J and Balb/c) were per nasally treated twice, one week apart, with adjuvant (CT, mLT, CpG), saline or left untreated. Mice were sacrificed at various timepoints afterward for immunologic analysis or challenged 24hrs after the last treatment with C. neoformans (CBA/J mice) or influenza virus (Balb/c mice). Challenged mice were monitored for survival or sacrificed for immunologic and microbial analysis. In the absence of infection, CT, mLT or CpG treatments induce transient inflammation, characterized by inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immune cell infiltration. The magnitude, duration, and Th1/Th2 bias of these changes were dependent on both mouse strain and adjuvant treatment.
520 $a Adjuvant pre-treated mice challenged with C. neoformans exhibited reduced airway neutrophils, eosinophils, chemokines, and lung fungal burden, but increased CD4 T-cells and dendritic cells after one week. However, survival was enhanced only with CpG treatment, and aggravated with CT treatment. In contrast, survival of influenza virus was enhanced with all adjuvant treatments, but day 4 lung viral burden was reduced only with CT and mLT treatments. During influenza infection, all adjuvant treatments increased airway CD4 T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells, iBALT-like lung tissue structures and CD80 expression, while reducing airway chemokine levels.
520 $a These results suggest that adjuvant treatments induce unique immunomodulatory mechanisms, which differentially influence pulmonary host defense in a pathogen-specific manner. Successful modulation of cryptococcal infection requires a strong Th1-bias strategy (apparent only late in infection), while Th1-, Th1/Th2, or Th2-biased strategies protect against influenza. These studies begin to unravel the dynamics of immunomodulation, host immune response, and pathogen challenge in the pulmonary mucosa.
590 $a School code: 0235.
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Immunology. $3 1017716
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0982
710 2 $a Tulane University. $b Microbiology & Immunology. $3 1025356
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 70-03B.
790 $a 0235
790 1 0 $a Clements, John D. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Freytag, Lucy C., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Garry, Robert F. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Sullivan, Deborah E. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Voss, Thomas G. $e committee member
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2009
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3349958