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Development of a heterogeneously cat...

Mississippi State University., Agricultural and Biological Engineering.

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Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel./
Author:	Singh, Alok Kumar.
Description:	116 p.
Notes:	Adviser: Sadun D. Fernando.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International69-02B.
Subject:	Engineering, Agricultural. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3297130
ISBN:	9780549444190

Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel.
Singh, Alok Kumar.

Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel. - 116 p.

Adviser: Sadun D. Fernando.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University, 2008.

Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic fuel. At present, when homogeneous catalysts are used, biodiesel is primarily produced in batch reactors in which the required energy is provided by heating accompanied by mechanical mixing. Alternatively, ultrasonic processing could be an effective way to attain required mixing while providing the necessary activation energy. We found that, using ultrasonication, a biodiesel yield in excess of 99% can be achieved in a short time duration of five minutes or less in comparison to one hour or more using conventional batch reactor systems. Homogeneous acid or base catalysts dissolve fully in the glycerol layer and partially in the fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) layer during the triglyceride transesterification process. Heterogeneous (solid) catalysts, on the other hand, can prevent catalyst contamination making product separation much easier. In the present work, one of the objectives was to determine the transesterification kinetics of different pure metal oxide catalysts, mixed metal oxide catalysts, layered double hydroxides with their corresponding yield is presented. It was found that heterogeneous catalysts require much higher temperatures (215°C) and pressures to achieve acceptable conversion levels compared to homogeneous catalysts. For some of the mixed metal oxide solid catalysts a conversion level of 99% was observed. The present study also deals with the catalyst characterization on the basis of their acidity/basicity and site strength, and surface area. Finally the deoxygenation of fatty acid methyl esters was carried out in order to upgrade the biodiesel. As a result, several aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the mass spectrometric studies.

ISBN: 9780549444190Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019504
Engineering, Agricultural.

Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel.
LDR:03220nam 2200325 a 45 001 858186
005 20100712
008 100712s2008 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780549444190
035 $a (UMI)AAI3297130
035 $a AAI3297130
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Singh, Alok Kumar. $3 1025219
245 1 0 $a Development of a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical process to produce biodiesel.
300 $a 116 p.
500 $a Adviser: Sadun D. Fernando.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: B, page: 1135.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mississippi State University, 2008.
520 $a Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic fuel. At present, when homogeneous catalysts are used, biodiesel is primarily produced in batch reactors in which the required energy is provided by heating accompanied by mechanical mixing. Alternatively, ultrasonic processing could be an effective way to attain required mixing while providing the necessary activation energy. We found that, using ultrasonication, a biodiesel yield in excess of 99% can be achieved in a short time duration of five minutes or less in comparison to one hour or more using conventional batch reactor systems. Homogeneous acid or base catalysts dissolve fully in the glycerol layer and partially in the fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) layer during the triglyceride transesterification process. Heterogeneous (solid) catalysts, on the other hand, can prevent catalyst contamination making product separation much easier. In the present work, one of the objectives was to determine the transesterification kinetics of different pure metal oxide catalysts, mixed metal oxide catalysts, layered double hydroxides with their corresponding yield is presented. It was found that heterogeneous catalysts require much higher temperatures (215°C) and pressures to achieve acceptable conversion levels compared to homogeneous catalysts. For some of the mixed metal oxide solid catalysts a conversion level of 99% was observed. The present study also deals with the catalyst characterization on the basis of their acidity/basicity and site strength, and surface area. Finally the deoxygenation of fatty acid methyl esters was carried out in order to upgrade the biodiesel. As a result, several aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the mass spectrometric studies.
520 $a This dissertation consists of five chapters. Chapter I present a brief introduction, Chapter II contains a review of literature, Chapter III contains the materials and methods used in this study, Chapter IV presents the results and its discussions, Chapter V discusses the summary and conclusions and finally Chapter VI suggests some recommendations from the study.
590 $a School code: 0132.
650 4 $a Engineering, Agricultural. $3 1019504
690 $a 0539
710 2 $a Mississippi State University. $b Agricultural and Biological Engineering. $3 1022298
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 69-02B.
790 $a 0132
790 1 0 $a Fernando, Sadun D., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Hernandez, Rafael $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Podesimo, Lester $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Silva, Juan L. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a To, S. D. Filip $e committee member
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2008
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoeng/servlet/advanced?query=3297130