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Dairy Industry Production Opportunit...

Chizonda, Shalimbala,

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Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk // Shalimbala Chizonda.
Author:	Chizonda, Shalimbala,
Description:	1 electronic resource (212 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International79-09B.
Subject:	Agriculture. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10758845
ISBN:	9780355634211

Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk /
Chizonda, Shalimbala,

Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk /Shalimbala Chizonda. - 1 electronic resource (212 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09, Section: B.

The dairy industry has continued to grow over the past couple of decades. The challenges faced by the dairy industry vary depending on geographic region and level of management. In developed countries, some of the limitations to production include the rise of feed costs and fluctuation of milk prices. In Malawi, apart from feed costs, there is the competition for human food, since some feed ingredients, like corn, are staple foods and industrial ingredients in some regions. The use of Moringa, a locally available tree species, would be of economic benefit through use in agroforestry due to its capacity to fix nitrogen in soil as well as low fertilizer requirement. As milk prices fluctuate and are at times low globally, the need to explore ways of value addition is imminent. As the world population is estimated to increase to 9.6 billion by 2050, there is need to increase production by 70% by 2050. Therefore, this dissertation assesses improvements that can be made in the dairy sector that can lead to higher production, through analysis of alternative feed, large dairy data and assessment of bioactive components in milk. In study 1, a batch culture in vitro digestibility study was carried out to analyze the effect of Moringa oleifera on rumen fermentation on a corn-based diet. Moringa significantly reduced methane production whereas the production of total short chain fatty acids was similar to alfalfa. Moringa had increased digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber with higher propionate levels than alfalfa. The results suggest Moringa performs similarly to alfalfa as a high protein feed ingredient, but with lower greenhouse gas synthesis. In study 2, Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) herd summary records from the Dairy Records Management Systems, Raleigh, North Carolina grouped into six regions were used to analyze regional patterns of feed composition, milk profiles, and cost effectiveness in the US. Feed compositions differed across the six regions. Herds in the Southern region had the lowest milk production and fat/protein content with lowest cow health status among the six regions. The Southern region had the lowest cost effectiveness among the six regions while the Upper Midwest had the highest. Different regions provide different feed profiles and have different cost effectiveness in production. Feedback to farms to increase production should be tailored to fit availability of feeds in that region, climatic conditions, system of production and the possible impact of change on the herd. In study 3, an experiment was carried out to identify the components of 20% non-fat dry milk that deactivates Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in young tobacco plants. Results indicated that milk, casein, whey, and citric acid significantly reduced transfer of TMV to young tobacco leaves. Treatments showed marked reductions in TMV lesions. Further studies need to be carried out to determine specific concentrations for activity. In its entirety, this dissertation illustrates strategies for further research to improve milk production and utilization in various regions of the world. Production opportunities in the dairy industry exist through the use of Moringa as a feed supplement, use of geographic differences in dairy outcomes as feedback to make informed decisions on production, extension and research, and the possibility for additional use of milk components as a disinfectant or disease deterrent in organic agriculture.

English

ISBN: 9780355634211Subjects--Topical Terms:

518588
Agriculture.
Subjects--Index Terms:

feed efficiency

Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk /
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100 1 $a Chizonda, Shalimbala, $e author. $3 3829217
245 1 0 $a Dairy Industry Production Opportunities Using Alternative Feed, Data Feedback, and Bioactive Components of Milk / $c Shalimbala Chizonda.
264 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2017
300 $a 1 electronic resource (212 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-09, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisors: Allen, Jonathan C. Committee members: Castillo, Miguel; Clay, John; Fellner, Vivek; Fogleman, April.
502 $b Ph.D. $c North Carolina State University $d 2017.
520 $a The dairy industry has continued to grow over the past couple of decades. The challenges faced by the dairy industry vary depending on geographic region and level of management. In developed countries, some of the limitations to production include the rise of feed costs and fluctuation of milk prices. In Malawi, apart from feed costs, there is the competition for human food, since some feed ingredients, like corn, are staple foods and industrial ingredients in some regions. The use of Moringa, a locally available tree species, would be of economic benefit through use in agroforestry due to its capacity to fix nitrogen in soil as well as low fertilizer requirement. As milk prices fluctuate and are at times low globally, the need to explore ways of value addition is imminent. As the world population is estimated to increase to 9.6 billion by 2050, there is need to increase production by 70% by 2050. Therefore, this dissertation assesses improvements that can be made in the dairy sector that can lead to higher production, through analysis of alternative feed, large dairy data and assessment of bioactive components in milk. In study 1, a batch culture in vitro digestibility study was carried out to analyze the effect of Moringa oleifera on rumen fermentation on a corn-based diet. Moringa significantly reduced methane production whereas the production of total short chain fatty acids was similar to alfalfa. Moringa had increased digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber with higher propionate levels than alfalfa. The results suggest Moringa performs similarly to alfalfa as a high protein feed ingredient, but with lower greenhouse gas synthesis. In study 2, Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) herd summary records from the Dairy Records Management Systems, Raleigh, North Carolina grouped into six regions were used to analyze regional patterns of feed composition, milk profiles, and cost effectiveness in the US. Feed compositions differed across the six regions. Herds in the Southern region had the lowest milk production and fat/protein content with lowest cow health status among the six regions. The Southern region had the lowest cost effectiveness among the six regions while the Upper Midwest had the highest. Different regions provide different feed profiles and have different cost effectiveness in production. Feedback to farms to increase production should be tailored to fit availability of feeds in that region, climatic conditions, system of production and the possible impact of change on the herd. In study 3, an experiment was carried out to identify the components of 20% non-fat dry milk that deactivates Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in young tobacco plants. Results indicated that milk, casein, whey, and citric acid significantly reduced transfer of TMV to young tobacco leaves. Treatments showed marked reductions in TMV lesions. Further studies need to be carried out to determine specific concentrations for activity. In its entirety, this dissertation illustrates strategies for further research to improve milk production and utilization in various regions of the world. Production opportunities in the dairy industry exist through the use of Moringa as a feed supplement, use of geographic differences in dairy outcomes as feedback to make informed decisions on production, extension and research, and the possibility for additional use of milk components as a disinfectant or disease deterrent in organic agriculture.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0155
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 518588
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
650 4 $a Nutrition. $3 517777
653 $a feed efficiency
653 $a large dairy data
653 $a methane reduction
653 $a moringa
653 $a rumen fermentation
653 $a tmv and milk
690 $a 0473
690 $a 0475
690 $a 0570
710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $b Nutrition. $e degree granting institution. $3 3829218
720 1 $a Allen, Jonathan C. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 79-09B.
790 $a 0155
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2017
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10758845