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Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk...

Scott, Taylor D.,

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Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast // Taylor D Scott.
Author:	Scott, Taylor D.,
Description:	1 electronic resource (148 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-02B.
Subject:	Cellular biology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29391157
ISBN:	9798841789000

Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast /
Scott, Taylor D.,

Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast /Taylor D Scott. - 1 electronic resource (148 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02, Section: B.

All cells must respond to extracellular signals in order to exist in a dynamic environment. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), among the most common signaling networks, are found in all eukaryotes and are important for cancer biology, developmental biology, and the response to stress. The MAPK networks in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as budding yeast, are a model system for studying signal transduction through MAPK networks, and particularly the mechanisms by which cells prevent signal from leaking into connected networks. In this thesis I study how the yeast strain background affects signal flow through MAPK networks and explore potential genetic causes of strain-dependent differences. I compare two strain backgrounds, YPH499 and Σ1278b (Sigma) side-by-side to determine the extent to which they differ in their response to osmostress and pheromone, which signal through the HOG and mating pathways respectively. I show that Sigma is more osmosensitive than YPH499 despite growing faster in ordinary, non-stress conditions. I further show that despite this increased osmosensitivity, Sigma is better able to respond to simultaneous osmostress and pheromone, showing a faster activation of the mating pathway after the delay caused by osmostress. I also demonstrate that, while the HOG and mating/FG pathways are insulated in YPH499 as has been previously reported, there is significant and transient leakage from the HOG pathway into the mating/FG pathways in the Sigma background, a phenomenon known as crosstalk. I then use a bulk segregant approach to map signaling differences to genetic loci or quantitative trait loci (QTL). I identified QTL for basal pFUS1-eGFP expression and crosstalk and tested genes within these QTL by introducing the allele from one parent into the opposite strain background. MAPK signaling is an important cellular process, and he large number of existing yeast strains provide a resource for exploring how modifications to a signaling network affect pathway output. My results demonstrate that the strain background greatly impacts signaling output, even in closely related laboratory strains, and establishes protocols for assaying signaling traits in closely related strains.

English

ISBN: 9798841789000Subjects--Topical Terms:

3172791
Cellular biology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Crosstalk

Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast /
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245 1 0 $a Strain Dependent Differences in Mapk Signaling in Yeast / $c Taylor D Scott.
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300 $a 1 electronic resource (148 pages)
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502 $b Ph.D. $c The University of Wisconsin - Madison $d 2022.
520 $a All cells must respond to extracellular signals in order to exist in a dynamic environment. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), among the most common signaling networks, are found in all eukaryotes and are important for cancer biology, developmental biology, and the response to stress. The MAPK networks in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as budding yeast, are a model system for studying signal transduction through MAPK networks, and particularly the mechanisms by which cells prevent signal from leaking into connected networks. In this thesis I study how the yeast strain background affects signal flow through MAPK networks and explore potential genetic causes of strain-dependent differences. I compare two strain backgrounds, YPH499 and Σ1278b (Sigma) side-by-side to determine the extent to which they differ in their response to osmostress and pheromone, which signal through the HOG and mating pathways respectively. I show that Sigma is more osmosensitive than YPH499 despite growing faster in ordinary, non-stress conditions. I further show that despite this increased osmosensitivity, Sigma is better able to respond to simultaneous osmostress and pheromone, showing a faster activation of the mating pathway after the delay caused by osmostress. I also demonstrate that, while the HOG and mating/FG pathways are insulated in YPH499 as has been previously reported, there is significant and transient leakage from the HOG pathway into the mating/FG pathways in the Sigma background, a phenomenon known as crosstalk. I then use a bulk segregant approach to map signaling differences to genetic loci or quantitative trait loci (QTL). I identified QTL for basal pFUS1-eGFP expression and crosstalk and tested genes within these QTL by introducing the allele from one parent into the opposite strain background. MAPK signaling is an important cellular process, and he large number of existing yeast strains provide a resource for exploring how modifications to a signaling network affect pathway output. My results demonstrate that the strain background greatly impacts signaling output, even in closely related laboratory strains, and establishes protocols for assaying signaling traits in closely related strains.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0262
650 4 $a Cellular biology. $3 3172791
650 4 $a Genetics. $3 530508
650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
653 $a Crosstalk
653 $a MAPK
653 $a Signal transduction
653 $a Yeast
690 $a 0379
690 $a 0369
690 $a 0410
710 2 $a The University of Wisconsin - Madison. $b Cellular and Molecular Biology. $e degree granting institution. $3 3826177
720 1 $a McClean, Megan N. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-02B.
790 $a 0262
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2022
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29391157