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Diving Behavior and Ecology of the S...

Martin, Alexandra May,

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Diving Behavior and Ecology of the Semi-Aquatic Anolis aquaticus /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Diving Behavior and Ecology of the Semi-Aquatic Anolis aquaticus // Alexandra May Martin.
Author:	Martin, Alexandra May,
Description:	1 electronic resource (101 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-11B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=32041829
ISBN:	9798315744689

Diving Behavior and Ecology of the Semi-Aquatic Anolis aquaticus /
Martin, Alexandra May,

Diving Behavior and Ecology of the Semi-Aquatic Anolis aquaticus /Alexandra May Martin. - 1 electronic resource (101 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.

The interplay between an individual and its environment substantially influences its behavior. For semi-aquatic species, behavior is influenced by aspects of both the terrestrial and aquatic environments. This dissertation investigates the antipredator and thermoregulatory behaviors of a semi-aquatic lizard, Anolis aquaticus, as they relate to terrestrial and aquatic habitats. A. aquaticus dives into water to escape predation, and it extends dive lengths by respiring through a rebreathed bubble. Such antipredator behavior itself can be extremely costly, especially to an ectotherm, whose body temperature may closely match that of the environment.In Chapter 1, I quantify the thermal cost of diving and investigate inter-individual variation in acceptance of this cost. A. aquaticus body temperatures were measured before and after diving, dive durations were recorded, and the rate of oxygen consumption of three Anolis species during dives was measured. All lizards experienced a decrease in body temperature during dives, but males undertook shorter dives and consequently experienced reduced heat loss. Oxygen consumption rate increased with mass but did not vary by sex, suggesting that differences in diving behavior between the sexes are more likely due to thermal or behavioral tradeoffs than their physiological capacity.In Chapter 2, I investigate the ability of A. aquaticus to behaviorally thermoregulate following diving. A. aquaticus is generally considered to be a thermoconformer, closely matching environmental temperatures. However, their body temperatures can be higher than the temperature of the substrate on which they are found, suggesting they may have some ability to behaviorally regulate their body temperatures. To test this, cooled and control lizards were placed in a thermal gradient, and their movement behavior among cool and warm zones was monitored. I did not find evidence for behavioral thermoregulation, suggesting these lizards, despite significant cooling from diving, do not compensate for a significant loss in body heat, though there may be other, yet uncharacterized, behaviors to mitigate the risks of emerging after extreme cooling.In Chapter 3, I investigate the effects of abiotic factors in the aquatic environment on A. aquaticus dive durations. A variety of invertebrates use a physical gill system while diving, in which they respire for long durations using the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water that diffuses into the respiration bubble. Environments with higher dissolved oxygen (DO) have a greater capacity to support air-breathing organisms that use a physical gill. To test if A. aquaticus dive durations were affected by DO, I experimentally manipulated levels of DO in aquatic arenas. Because DO and water flow are correlated in nature, we also separately tested the effect of flow rate on dive durations. This was complemented by an observational study of DO and flow rates at lizard perch sites in the field. Intriguingly, dive durations are longer with higher DO content, and lizards had a reduced rebreathing rate with higher DO content. Lizards also had reduced dive durations as flow rate increased. Given the correlation of DO and flow rate in the field, lizards may select perch sites that best maximize DO content while minimizing flow. This study is a first step toward identifying potential physical gill use in vertebrates.

English

ISBN: 9798315744689Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Anolis aquaticus

Diving Behavior and Ecology of the Semi-Aquatic Anolis aquaticus /
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502 $b Ph.D. $c State University of New York at Binghamton $d 2025.
520 $a The interplay between an individual and its environment substantially influences its behavior. For semi-aquatic species, behavior is influenced by aspects of both the terrestrial and aquatic environments. This dissertation investigates the antipredator and thermoregulatory behaviors of a semi-aquatic lizard, Anolis aquaticus, as they relate to terrestrial and aquatic habitats. A. aquaticus dives into water to escape predation, and it extends dive lengths by respiring through a rebreathed bubble. Such antipredator behavior itself can be extremely costly, especially to an ectotherm, whose body temperature may closely match that of the environment.In Chapter 1, I quantify the thermal cost of diving and investigate inter-individual variation in acceptance of this cost. A. aquaticus body temperatures were measured before and after diving, dive durations were recorded, and the rate of oxygen consumption of three Anolis species during dives was measured. All lizards experienced a decrease in body temperature during dives, but males undertook shorter dives and consequently experienced reduced heat loss. Oxygen consumption rate increased with mass but did not vary by sex, suggesting that differences in diving behavior between the sexes are more likely due to thermal or behavioral tradeoffs than their physiological capacity.In Chapter 2, I investigate the ability of A. aquaticus to behaviorally thermoregulate following diving. A. aquaticus is generally considered to be a thermoconformer, closely matching environmental temperatures. However, their body temperatures can be higher than the temperature of the substrate on which they are found, suggesting they may have some ability to behaviorally regulate their body temperatures. To test this, cooled and control lizards were placed in a thermal gradient, and their movement behavior among cool and warm zones was monitored. I did not find evidence for behavioral thermoregulation, suggesting these lizards, despite significant cooling from diving, do not compensate for a significant loss in body heat, though there may be other, yet uncharacterized, behaviors to mitigate the risks of emerging after extreme cooling.In Chapter 3, I investigate the effects of abiotic factors in the aquatic environment on A. aquaticus dive durations. A variety of invertebrates use a physical gill system while diving, in which they respire for long durations using the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water that diffuses into the respiration bubble. Environments with higher dissolved oxygen (DO) have a greater capacity to support air-breathing organisms that use a physical gill. To test if A. aquaticus dive durations were affected by DO, I experimentally manipulated levels of DO in aquatic arenas. Because DO and water flow are correlated in nature, we also separately tested the effect of flow rate on dive durations. This was complemented by an observational study of DO and flow rates at lizard perch sites in the field. Intriguingly, dive durations are longer with higher DO content, and lizards had a reduced rebreathing rate with higher DO content. Lizards also had reduced dive durations as flow rate increased. Given the correlation of DO and flow rate in the field, lizards may select perch sites that best maximize DO content while minimizing flow. This study is a first step toward identifying potential physical gill use in vertebrates.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0792
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
650 4 $a Physiology. $3 518431
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
650 4 $a Behavioral sciences. $3 529833
653 $a Anolis aquaticus
653 $a Behavioral ecology
653 $a Herpetology
653 $a Physical gill
653 $a Thermal physiology
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0602
690 $a 0792
690 $a 0719
710 2 $a State University of New York at Binghamton. $b Biological Sciences. $e degree granting institution. $3 3828406
720 1 $a Swierk, Lindsey $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-11B.
790 $a 0792
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2025
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=32041829