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Evaluation of Future Sea-Level Impacts Using a Sharp Interface Saltwater Intrusion Model /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evaluation of Future Sea-Level Impacts Using a Sharp Interface Saltwater Intrusion Model // Caroline Hiott.
Author:	Hiott, Caroline,
Description:	1 electronic resource (237 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International86-04.
Subject:	Tidal waves. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31621596
ISBN:	9798342149778

Evaluation of Future Sea-Level Impacts Using a Sharp Interface Saltwater Intrusion Model /
Hiott, Caroline,

Evaluation of Future Sea-Level Impacts Using a Sharp Interface Saltwater Intrusion Model /Caroline Hiott. - 1 electronic resource (237 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04.

Saltwater intrusion is a growing problem that is being exacerbated by climate change. Saltwater intrusion is the process by which saltwater moves towards freshwater supplies driven by saltwater's greater density compared to freshwater. Saltwater intrusion can contribute to the salinization of freshwater resources, degradation of underground storage tanks, communication systems, and pipelines, as well as lead to groundwater flooding (Ketabchi et al., 2016). Numerical modeling can be used to simulate saltwater intrusion along coastal areas. One of the more computationally efficient modeling tools is the sharp interface approach, SWI2, that is a part of the MODFLOW 2005 suite (Werner et al., 2013 and Bakker et al., 2013). The SWI2 saltwater interface model allows for groundwater flow to be simulated in a single layer by assigning zones of specified salt concentration and using a vertically integrated groundwater head equation to predict the salt and freshwater interface without solving a separate solute transport equation. A new sharp interface model is being created for MODFLOW 6, known as SWI6 as part of an ongoing project with the U.S. Navy (Patterson, 2023). This model will be capable of working with MODFLOW 6 unstructured grids and utilize Newton Raphson linearization of nonlinear flow terms.The long-term focus of this Navy project is to integrate the new sharp-interface approach, SWI6, with the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) graphical user interface. Two example test sites have been selected, the Nav (MCAS) Beaufort, SC and Naval Base Kitsap (NBK) Keyport, WA. The objective is to determine the fresh and saltwater interface at these study sites under future sea-level rise conditions, as well as evaluate the effect rising sea-level has on the groundwater elevation. The SWI6 model is still under development, and therefore, only the SWI2 package was used to simulate these test sites. The goal is for the SWI6 saltwater interface model to produce numerical results similar to the SWI2 model, but with greater efficiency and flexibility.The saltwater interface models were built by initially developing a case study model of the MCAS Beaufort and NBK Keyport sites. Geologic solids models representing MCAS Beaufort and NBK Keyport, and the surrounding areas were built based on published borehole data, digital elevation models (DEMs), and groundwater characterization reports. The hydrogeologic parameters of the sites were spatially variable and required parameter estimation and calibration to be performed to estimate hydraulic conductivity and recharge values. Calibration was performed by using observation wells with long-term water level averages as the target water level in that area. The hydraulic conductivity and recharge parameters were adjusted through a trial-and-error iterative process. The flow model was run repeatedly, with parameters being modified each time until the residual between the observed heads and the calculated heads fell within an acceptable range.The calibrated flow models were then used to estimate the location of the fresh and saltwater interface using the SWI2 package. Two scenarios were analyzed under steady-state conditions, with one assuming the current sea-level and the other the rising sea-level predicted by the Department of Defense Regional Sea-level (DRSL) database (www.drsl.serdp-estcp.org/site/lookup). The rising sea-level prediction used the extreme sea-level rise scenario for the year 2100. The SWI2 results were analyzed by determining the fraction of saltwater in the aquifer, and results were compared with the fully coupled SEAWAT transport model (Langevin et al., 2003).

English

ISBN: 9798342149778Subjects--Topical Terms:

3685270
Tidal waves.

Evaluation of Future Sea-Level Impacts Using a Sharp Interface Saltwater Intrusion Model /
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520 $a Saltwater intrusion is a growing problem that is being exacerbated by climate change. Saltwater intrusion is the process by which saltwater moves towards freshwater supplies driven by saltwater's greater density compared to freshwater. Saltwater intrusion can contribute to the salinization of freshwater resources, degradation of underground storage tanks, communication systems, and pipelines, as well as lead to groundwater flooding (Ketabchi et al., 2016). Numerical modeling can be used to simulate saltwater intrusion along coastal areas. One of the more computationally efficient modeling tools is the sharp interface approach, SWI2, that is a part of the MODFLOW 2005 suite (Werner et al., 2013 and Bakker et al., 2013). The SWI2 saltwater interface model allows for groundwater flow to be simulated in a single layer by assigning zones of specified salt concentration and using a vertically integrated groundwater head equation to predict the salt and freshwater interface without solving a separate solute transport equation. A new sharp interface model is being created for MODFLOW 6, known as SWI6 as part of an ongoing project with the U.S. Navy (Patterson, 2023). This model will be capable of working with MODFLOW 6 unstructured grids and utilize Newton Raphson linearization of nonlinear flow terms.The long-term focus of this Navy project is to integrate the new sharp-interface approach, SWI6, with the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) graphical user interface. Two example test sites have been selected, the Nav (MCAS) Beaufort, SC and Naval Base Kitsap (NBK) Keyport, WA. The objective is to determine the fresh and saltwater interface at these study sites under future sea-level rise conditions, as well as evaluate the effect rising sea-level has on the groundwater elevation. The SWI6 model is still under development, and therefore, only the SWI2 package was used to simulate these test sites. The goal is for the SWI6 saltwater interface model to produce numerical results similar to the SWI2 model, but with greater efficiency and flexibility.The saltwater interface models were built by initially developing a case study model of the MCAS Beaufort and NBK Keyport sites. Geologic solids models representing MCAS Beaufort and NBK Keyport, and the surrounding areas were built based on published borehole data, digital elevation models (DEMs), and groundwater characterization reports. The hydrogeologic parameters of the sites were spatially variable and required parameter estimation and calibration to be performed to estimate hydraulic conductivity and recharge values. Calibration was performed by using observation wells with long-term water level averages as the target water level in that area. The hydraulic conductivity and recharge parameters were adjusted through a trial-and-error iterative process. The flow model was run repeatedly, with parameters being modified each time until the residual between the observed heads and the calculated heads fell within an acceptable range.The calibrated flow models were then used to estimate the location of the fresh and saltwater interface using the SWI2 package. Two scenarios were analyzed under steady-state conditions, with one assuming the current sea-level and the other the rising sea-level predicted by the Department of Defense Regional Sea-level (DRSL) database (www.drsl.serdp-estcp.org/site/lookup). The rising sea-level prediction used the extreme sea-level rise scenario for the year 2100. The SWI2 results were analyzed by determining the fraction of saltwater in the aquifer, and results were compared with the fully coupled SEAWAT transport model (Langevin et al., 2003).
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650 4 $a National security. $3 594947
650 4 $a Conductivity. $3 3681488
650 4 $a Ice sheets. $3 550729
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650 4 $a Salinity. $3 594109
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650 4 $a Mathematics. $3 515831
650 4 $a Military studies. $3 2197382
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