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Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostre...

Attarwala, Tahera,

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Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Predation and Biodiversity Utilizing Real-Time Monitoring, eDNA Analysis, and Water Quality in Delaware Inland Bays /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Predation and Biodiversity Utilizing Real-Time Monitoring, eDNA Analysis, and Water Quality in Delaware Inland Bays // Tahera Attarwala.
Author:	Attarwala, Tahera,
Description:	1 electronic resource (117 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International86-03.
Subject:	Aquatic sciences. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31559240
ISBN:	9798384438380

Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Predation and Biodiversity Utilizing Real-Time Monitoring, eDNA Analysis, and Water Quality in Delaware Inland Bays /
Attarwala, Tahera,

Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Predation and Biodiversity Utilizing Real-Time Monitoring, eDNA Analysis, and Water Quality in Delaware Inland Bays /Tahera Attarwala. - 1 electronic resource (117 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03.

Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture is an important industry in Delaware, generating thousands of dollars in state revenue (Hauser and Bason 2020). C. virginica is also a keystone species that provides water filtration, nutrient removal, shoreline stabilization, and food and habitation for many aquatic species (Raj 2008; Coen et al. 2007). Predation is an important stressor in marine ecosystems. C. virginica is prey for different species of fish, crustaceans, invertebrates, and gastropods (Newell et al. 2007). Biodiversity is also an important indicator of ecosystem function. To assess oyster predation and biodiversity, real-time monitoring and Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis was conducted at different sites around Rehoboth Bay, Delaware, USA. The sites included pilot artificial reefs, private aquaculture farms, and a control site without any oysters or habitat structure. Underwater cameras were deployed for real-time monitoring every two weeks from June to October 2022 and 2023. GoPro cameras were secured in recreational crab traps and deployed for approximately two to three hours before retrieval. After the cameras were retrieved, the footage was reviewed for any signs of aquatic life, and all observed species were identified and recorded for comparisons between sampling sites. Water samples were collected simultaneously for eDNA analysis to serve as a complementary method for species identification. On-site water quality monitoring along with collected water samples were also used to perform nutrient analysis and assess chemical and physical water quality conditions which will be used to determine the aragonite and calcite saturation states. The aragonite-calcite saturation state is a measure of the calcium carbonate concentration in the water and was used to assess potential effects to the oysters, predation, and on species composition throughout the sampling sites. Spearman correlation heatmaps were developed to identify significant correlations between the physiochemical water quality parameters and species detected. Spearman values less than or equal to -0.50, and values greater than or equal to 0.50 are considered significant relationships.The cameras recorded 23 different animal species. The most abundant species were Atlantic Silverside (M. menidia), Atlantic Menhaden (B. tyrannus), and Hermit Crabs (P. longicarpus). Predator species such as the Blue Crab (C. sapidus) and Horseshoe Crab (L. polyphemus) were observed at a majority of sites. There were similarities between species detected using both camera and eDNA methods. Physical water quality parameters varied between each site but remained within the optimal range for oyster growth. However, the alkalinity and calcium hardness values fluctuated greatly and at times did not meet the recommendations for shellfish hatcheries. The aragonite and calcite saturation states fluctuated significantly as well and were often below one or undersaturated. Although, there were no significant correlations between the saturation state and the number of species detected at each site (ρ = 0.09), this could still pose a concern for oyster health. The results of this study will help to promote oyster restoration efforts and sustainable aquaculture practices in the Delaware Inland Bays.

English

ISBN: 9798384438380Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Aragonite saturation state

Assessing Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Predation and Biodiversity Utilizing Real-Time Monitoring, eDNA Analysis, and Water Quality in Delaware Inland Bays /
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520 $a Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) aquaculture is an important industry in Delaware, generating thousands of dollars in state revenue (Hauser and Bason 2020). C. virginica is also a keystone species that provides water filtration, nutrient removal, shoreline stabilization, and food and habitation for many aquatic species (Raj 2008; Coen et al. 2007). Predation is an important stressor in marine ecosystems. C. virginica is prey for different species of fish, crustaceans, invertebrates, and gastropods (Newell et al. 2007). Biodiversity is also an important indicator of ecosystem function. To assess oyster predation and biodiversity, real-time monitoring and Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis was conducted at different sites around Rehoboth Bay, Delaware, USA. The sites included pilot artificial reefs, private aquaculture farms, and a control site without any oysters or habitat structure. Underwater cameras were deployed for real-time monitoring every two weeks from June to October 2022 and 2023. GoPro cameras were secured in recreational crab traps and deployed for approximately two to three hours before retrieval. After the cameras were retrieved, the footage was reviewed for any signs of aquatic life, and all observed species were identified and recorded for comparisons between sampling sites. Water samples were collected simultaneously for eDNA analysis to serve as a complementary method for species identification. On-site water quality monitoring along with collected water samples were also used to perform nutrient analysis and assess chemical and physical water quality conditions which will be used to determine the aragonite and calcite saturation states. The aragonite-calcite saturation state is a measure of the calcium carbonate concentration in the water and was used to assess potential effects to the oysters, predation, and on species composition throughout the sampling sites. Spearman correlation heatmaps were developed to identify significant correlations between the physiochemical water quality parameters and species detected. Spearman values less than or equal to -0.50, and values greater than or equal to 0.50 are considered significant relationships.The cameras recorded 23 different animal species. The most abundant species were Atlantic Silverside (M. menidia), Atlantic Menhaden (B. tyrannus), and Hermit Crabs (P. longicarpus). Predator species such as the Blue Crab (C. sapidus) and Horseshoe Crab (L. polyphemus) were observed at a majority of sites. There were similarities between species detected using both camera and eDNA methods. Physical water quality parameters varied between each site but remained within the optimal range for oyster growth. However, the alkalinity and calcium hardness values fluctuated greatly and at times did not meet the recommendations for shellfish hatcheries. The aragonite and calcite saturation states fluctuated significantly as well and were often below one or undersaturated. Although, there were no significant correlations between the saturation state and the number of species detected at each site (ρ = 0.09), this could still pose a concern for oyster health. The results of this study will help to promote oyster restoration efforts and sustainable aquaculture practices in the Delaware Inland Bays.
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