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Distribution Patterns of Marine Debr...

Sands, Autumn,

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Distribution Patterns of Marine Debris Along the Delaware Coastline and Impacts on Shoreline Organisms /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Distribution Patterns of Marine Debris Along the Delaware Coastline and Impacts on Shoreline Organisms // Autumn Sands.
Author:	Sands, Autumn,
Description:	1 electronic resource (106 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International86-04.
Subject:	Biology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31481870
ISBN:	9798896070481

Distribution Patterns of Marine Debris Along the Delaware Coastline and Impacts on Shoreline Organisms /
Sands, Autumn,

Distribution Patterns of Marine Debris Along the Delaware Coastline and Impacts on Shoreline Organisms /Autumn Sands. - 1 electronic resource (106 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04.

Understanding the source, fate, and transport of shoreline debris is critical due to its ecological impacts and propensity to accumulate on coastlines, where it negatively affects the intertidal ecosystem through direct ingestion by organisms and bioaccumulation. Furthermore, macroplastic, which constitutes much of this debris from both land- and water-based sources, contributes to microplastic accumulation in waterways. Therefore, determining the spatial and temporal distribution of macroplastic debris and gleaning more information on the impacts to organisms is of the utmost importance.Analyzing data from International Coastal Cleanup events from 2016-2021 along the Delaware Bay coastline, I assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of marine debris, focusing on total weight and item count. To measure item size and polymer composition, I used data from clean-ups at Augustine Beach, Port Mahon, and Lewes Beach in fall 2021 and spring 2022. I measured the length and polymer composition of 100 plastic debris items from these locations, assigned a characteristic size and polymer to each category, and applied these findings to define a shoreline debris gradient in the Delaware Bay. Results suggest greater size, weight, and item count in up-estuary locations compared to down-estuary ones. However, polymer type and buoyancy were consistent throughout the coastal locations along the Delaware Bay shoreline. Additionally, the total weight and abundance of marine debris remained consistent over the study period from 2016-2021.Additionally, I conducted a behavioral assay of the wrack-associated amphipod Platorchestia platensis at the three locations to investigate the correlation between plastic body burden and scototaxis response, using µFTIR to confirm the presence of plastic particles. Platorchestia platensis behavioral responses mirrored spatial patterns observed on the Delaware Bay coastline, with stronger responses in down-estuary locations and weaker responses in up-estuary locations where marine debris abundance is higher. However, no correlation was observed between plastic body burden and amphipod behavioral response.On shorelines, where the characteristics of marine debris and macroplastic are highly variable, the impacts on the ecosystem are expected to increase. Although the direct impact of short-term microplastic ingestion on amphipods in their natural environment remains unclear, the presence of marine debris still appears to have significant impacts. Understanding the spatial distribution of debris can further enhance the effectiveness of management practices, and continued efforts to understand and manage marine debris are essential for protecting coastal ecosystems.

English

ISBN: 9798896070481Subjects--Topical Terms:

522710
Biology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Delaware Bay coastline

Distribution Patterns of Marine Debris Along the Delaware Coastline and Impacts on Shoreline Organisms /
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520 $a Understanding the source, fate, and transport of shoreline debris is critical due to its ecological impacts and propensity to accumulate on coastlines, where it negatively affects the intertidal ecosystem through direct ingestion by organisms and bioaccumulation. Furthermore, macroplastic, which constitutes much of this debris from both land- and water-based sources, contributes to microplastic accumulation in waterways. Therefore, determining the spatial and temporal distribution of macroplastic debris and gleaning more information on the impacts to organisms is of the utmost importance.Analyzing data from International Coastal Cleanup events from 2016-2021 along the Delaware Bay coastline, I assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of marine debris, focusing on total weight and item count. To measure item size and polymer composition, I used data from clean-ups at Augustine Beach, Port Mahon, and Lewes Beach in fall 2021 and spring 2022. I measured the length and polymer composition of 100 plastic debris items from these locations, assigned a characteristic size and polymer to each category, and applied these findings to define a shoreline debris gradient in the Delaware Bay. Results suggest greater size, weight, and item count in up-estuary locations compared to down-estuary ones. However, polymer type and buoyancy were consistent throughout the coastal locations along the Delaware Bay shoreline. Additionally, the total weight and abundance of marine debris remained consistent over the study period from 2016-2021.Additionally, I conducted a behavioral assay of the wrack-associated amphipod Platorchestia platensis at the three locations to investigate the correlation between plastic body burden and scototaxis response, using µFTIR to confirm the presence of plastic particles. Platorchestia platensis behavioral responses mirrored spatial patterns observed on the Delaware Bay coastline, with stronger responses in down-estuary locations and weaker responses in up-estuary locations where marine debris abundance is higher. However, no correlation was observed between plastic body burden and amphipod behavioral response.On shorelines, where the characteristics of marine debris and macroplastic are highly variable, the impacts on the ecosystem are expected to increase. Although the direct impact of short-term microplastic ingestion on amphipods in their natural environment remains unclear, the presence of marine debris still appears to have significant impacts. Understanding the spatial distribution of debris can further enhance the effectiveness of management practices, and continued efforts to understand and manage marine debris are essential for protecting coastal ecosystems.
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650 4 $a Physical oceanography. $3 3168433
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
650 4 $a Wildlife management. $3 571816
650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 2122748
653 $a Delaware Bay coastline
653 $a Macroplastic debris
653 $a Platorchestia platensis
653 $a Scototaxis
653 $a Coastal ecosystems
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710 2 $a University of Delaware. $b Marine Studies. $e degree granting institution. $3 3816843
720 1 $a Cohen, Jonathan H. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 86-04.
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