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Association of Dietary Fiber Intake ...

Polston, Parker Anne,

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Association of Dietary Fiber Intake and Fiber Supplement Use With Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Association of Dietary Fiber Intake and Fiber Supplement Use With Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women // Parker Anne Polston.
Author:	Polston, Parker Anne,
Description:	1 electronic resource (123 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International86-12.
Subject:	Epidemiology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31999796
ISBN:	9798280778962

Association of Dietary Fiber Intake and Fiber Supplement Use With Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women /
Polston, Parker Anne,

Association of Dietary Fiber Intake and Fiber Supplement Use With Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women /Parker Anne Polston. - 1 electronic resource (123 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12.

Background: Diet, including fiber intake, is suggested to be associated with cognition, but few prospective cohort studies have evaluated how dietary and supplemental fiber intake influence risk of cognitive impairment.Objectives: We evaluated the association between dietary fiber intake and fiber supplement use with risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), probable dementia, and any cognitive impairment (combined MCI or probable dementia) in a sample of postmenopausal women.Methods: Participants from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Memory Study (WHIMS) (n=4,962), ancillary to the WHI hormone therapy (HT) trials, were included in the analyses. Cognitive outcomes were adjudicated by clinician experts. Annual cognitive evaluations took place in-person between 1996 and 2008, after which a centralized, validated neuropsychological battery was administered annually via telephone until 2021. At WHI enrollment (1993-1998), dietary fiber intake (total, soluble, and insoluble) was measured in g/day using a food frequency questionnaire. Fiber supplement use was self-reported on supplement and medication questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for any cognitive impairment, MCI, and probable dementia, by quintiles (Qs) of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake and by fiber supplement use (n=217) (versus non-use [n=4,745]). Models were adjusted for demographic (age, education) lifestyle (energy intake, alcohol intake, Healthy Eating Index score, recreational physical activity, pack years of smoking), and health variables (depressive symptom severity, cardiometabolic condition), baseline Modified Mini-Mental State Exam score, as well as WHI HT and calcium and vitamin D (CaD) trial arms. Exploratory analyses examined associations with total dietary fiber intake and fiber supplement use stratified by HT and CaD intervention versus control arms. Interaction terms (exposure * intervention/control arm) were added to the multivariable models and considered statistically significant if p<0.05.Results: WHIMS participants were aged 70.2 years at baseline. Between 1996 and 2021, there were 594 cases of MCI and 541 cases of probable dementia. In adjusted models, no statistically significant associations were observed between total, soluble, or insoluble dietary fiber intake and any cognitive outcome across quintiles of dietary fiber intake. Contrary to our hypothesis, fiber supplement use (versus non-use) was associated with a higher risk of any cognitive impairment and MCI (HR [95% CI] = 1.43 [1.09-1.88] and 1.60 [1.16-2.22]), respectively. There was no statistically significant effect modification of total dietary fiber intake or fiber supplement use by HT or CaD intervention versus control arms (p-for-interactions>0.05), although there was some suggestion of a lower risk of probable dementia with total dietary fiber intake in Q2-5 (compared to Q1) (HR [95% CI] = 0.48 [0.27-0.85], 0.75 [0.45-1.25], 0.52 [0.29-0.93], and 0.72 [0.42-1.23]), respectively, in the CaD intervention arm.Conclusions: Fiber supplement use, but not dietary fiber intake, was associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment. Higher risk in fiber supplement users may be due to gut microbiome disruptions caused by fiber supplementation used as a bulk laxative rather than to increase fiber intake.

English

ISBN: 9798280778962Subjects--Topical Terms:

568544
Epidemiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cognition

Association of Dietary Fiber Intake and Fiber Supplement Use With Cognitive Impairment in Postmenopausal Women /
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