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Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium = = Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium =/ Julia K Douglas.
Reminder of title:	Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas /
Author:	Douglas, Julia K.,
Description:	1 electronic resource (273 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-12B.
Subject:	Botany. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31999713
ISBN:	9798283424408

Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium = = Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas /
Douglas, Julia K.,

Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium =Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas /Julia K Douglas. - 1 electronic resource (273 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.

Plant conservation is the science and practice of perpetuating species and the ecosystems in which they are embedded through sustainable management. In the Anthropocene, plant extinction rates have escalated due to climate change and habitat loss, and effective human stewardship of plant species is vital. Translocation (syn. reintroduction) is the planting of propagules to augment populations in decline, re-establish extirpated populations, or mobilize species to novel habitat. Translocation efforts have increased worldwide, yet without a priori experimental design, environmental determinants of success remain unknown. Furthermore, ~32% of terrestrial ecosystems are governed by Indigenous people and local communities (IPLC), yet the intersections between translocation science and IPCL management are largely unacknowledged. To develop translocation methods in collaboration with local communities and elucidate focal species' habitat niche, I conducted two experimental translocations: ʻohe mauka (Polyscias bisattenuata), a rare endemic Hawaiian tree, and ye' nagatx (Prosthechea karwinskii), a Mexican epiphytic orchid used in biocultural celebrations. I monitored the translocated populations for 4 years (P. bisattenuata) and 2 years (P. karwinskii) respectively and constructed mixed effects regression models to assess the relationship of abiotic and biotic habitat factors with translocation outcomes. 'Ohe mauka four-year survival was 11.5% and growth had a positive relationship with site temperature; successful translocation sites were lower in elevation than the extant range, suggesting that remnant populations may not fully represent optimum habitat. Ye' nagatx two-year survival was 28%, and initial propagule biomass and bryophyte cover had positive relationships with survival and growth; translocation holds potential to recover orchid material after traditional use and increase abundance of bioculturally-important epiphytic species. To further explore the microhabitat factors that influence epiphyte distributions, I conducted a survey of orchids in the canopy of the Osa Peninsula (Costa Rica). I found evidence of niche partitioning across canopy habitat quality gradients; variables that influenced epiphytic orchid density and richness included location within tree crown, host tree taxonomic identity, canopy openness, and surrounding cover of ferns. Together, this florilegium of studies demonstrates how knowledge of species-specific habitat requirements and biotic interactions are imperative to inform effective translocation methods. While human plant harvest is criticized as a threat to in situ populations, I demonstrate how sustainable use, celebration, translocation, and stewardship of species can form a holistic continuum of conservation practice.

English

ISBN: 9798283424408Subjects--Topical Terms:

516217
Botany.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Biocultural

Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium = = Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas /
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245 1 0 $a Neotropical Epiphytic Orchids, Rare Hawaiian Trees and Experimental Translocation: A Plant Conservation Florilegium = $b Orquideas epifitas neotropicales, arboles hawaianos escasos y translocacion experimental: Un florilegio de conservacion de plantas / $c Julia K Douglas.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
500 $a Advisors: Ticktin, Tamara Committee members: Hernandez Apolinar, Mariana; Berio Fortini, Lucas; Cardelus, Catherine; Mawyer, Alexander; Zahawi, Rakan.
502 $b Ph.D. $c University of Hawai'i at Manoa $d 2025.
520 $a Plant conservation is the science and practice of perpetuating species and the ecosystems in which they are embedded through sustainable management. In the Anthropocene, plant extinction rates have escalated due to climate change and habitat loss, and effective human stewardship of plant species is vital. Translocation (syn. reintroduction) is the planting of propagules to augment populations in decline, re-establish extirpated populations, or mobilize species to novel habitat. Translocation efforts have increased worldwide, yet without a priori experimental design, environmental determinants of success remain unknown. Furthermore, ~32% of terrestrial ecosystems are governed by Indigenous people and local communities (IPLC), yet the intersections between translocation science and IPCL management are largely unacknowledged. To develop translocation methods in collaboration with local communities and elucidate focal species' habitat niche, I conducted two experimental translocations: ʻohe mauka (Polyscias bisattenuata), a rare endemic Hawaiian tree, and ye' nagatx (Prosthechea karwinskii), a Mexican epiphytic orchid used in biocultural celebrations. I monitored the translocated populations for 4 years (P. bisattenuata) and 2 years (P. karwinskii) respectively and constructed mixed effects regression models to assess the relationship of abiotic and biotic habitat factors with translocation outcomes. 'Ohe mauka four-year survival was 11.5% and growth had a positive relationship with site temperature; successful translocation sites were lower in elevation than the extant range, suggesting that remnant populations may not fully represent optimum habitat. Ye' nagatx two-year survival was 28%, and initial propagule biomass and bryophyte cover had positive relationships with survival and growth; translocation holds potential to recover orchid material after traditional use and increase abundance of bioculturally-important epiphytic species. To further explore the microhabitat factors that influence epiphyte distributions, I conducted a survey of orchids in the canopy of the Osa Peninsula (Costa Rica). I found evidence of niche partitioning across canopy habitat quality gradients; variables that influenced epiphytic orchid density and richness included location within tree crown, host tree taxonomic identity, canopy openness, and surrounding cover of ferns. Together, this florilegium of studies demonstrates how knowledge of species-specific habitat requirements and biotic interactions are imperative to inform effective translocation methods. While human plant harvest is criticized as a threat to in situ populations, I demonstrate how sustainable use, celebration, translocation, and stewardship of species can form a holistic continuum of conservation practice.
520 $a La conservacion de plantas es la ciencia y la practica de perpetuar las especies y los ecosistemas en los que se encuentran mediante la gestion sostenible. En el Antropoceno, las tasas de extincion de plantas se han disparado debido al cambio climatico y la perdida de habitat, por lo que la gestion humana eficaz de las especies es vital. La translocacion (sin. reintroduccion) consiste en la plantacion de propagulos para aumentar las poblaciones en declive, restablecer las poblaciones extirpadas o movilizar especies a un nuevo habitat. Los esfuerzos de translocacion han aumentado en todo el mundo; sin embargo, sin un diseno experimental a priori, se desconocen los determinantes ambientales del exito. Ademas, aproximadamente el 32 % de los ecosistemas terrestres estan gobernados por pueblos indigena y comunidades locales (PICL), pero las intersecciones entre la ciencia de la translocacion y la gestion de los PICL son en gran medida desconocidas. Para desarrollar metodos de translocacion en colaboracion con las comunidades locales y dilucidar el nicho de habitat de las especies focales, realice dos translocaciones experimentales: ʻohe mauka (Polyscias bisattenuata), un arbol hawaiano endemico escaso, y ye' nagatx (Prosthechea karwinskii), una orquidea epifita mexicana utilizada en celebraciones bioculturales. Monitoree las poblaciones translocadas durante 4 anos (P. bisattenuata) y 2 anos (P. karwinskii) respectivamente y construi modelos de regresion de efectos mixtos para evaluar la relacion de los factores de habitat abioticos y bioticos con los resultados de la translocacion. La supervivencia a cuatro anos de 'ohe mauka fue del 11.5% y el crecimiento tuvo una relacion positiva con la temperatura del sitio; los sitios de translocacion exitosos fueron mas bajos en elevacion que el rango existente, lo que sugiere que las poblaciones remanentes pueden no representar completamente el habitat optimo. La supervivencia a dos anos de Ye' nagatx fue del 28%, y la biomasa de propagulos inicial y la cobertura de briofitas tuvieron relaciones positivas con la supervivencia y el crecimiento; La translocacion tiene potencial para recuperar material de orquideas despues del uso tradicional y aumentar la abundancia de especies epifitas de importancia biocultural. Para explorar mas a fondo los factores del microhabitat que influyen en las distribuciones de epifitas, realice un censo de orquideas en el dosel de la Peninsula de Osa (Costa Rica). Encontre evidencia de particion de nichos a traves de gradientes de calidad del habitat del dosel; las variables que influyeron en la densidad y riqueza de orquideas epifitas incluyeron la ubicacion dentro de la copa del arbol, la identidad taxonomica del arbol huesped, la apertura del dosel y la cobertura circundante de helechos. En conjunto, este florilegio de estudios demuestra como el conocimiento de los requisitos de habitat especificos de las especies y las interacciones bioticas son imperativos para informar metodos de translocacion efectivos. Si bien la cosecha humana de plantas es criticada como una amenaza para las poblaciones in situ, demuestro como el uso sostenible, la celebracion, la translocacion y la gestion de las especies pueden formar un continuo holistico de practicas de conservacion.
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590 $a School code: 0085
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650 4 $a Conservation biology. $3 535736
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653 $a Biocultural
653 $a Canopy ecology
653 $a Epiphyte
653 $a Orchidaceae
653 $a Plant conservation
653 $a Translocation
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710 2 $a University of Hawai'i at Manoa. $b Botany. $e degree granting institution. $3 3826191
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