東華大學圖書館 |

Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics // Jacob R Willsea.
Author:	Willsea, Jacob R.,
Description:	1 electronic resource (87 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International87-01.
Subject:	Agricultural engineering. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31994597
ISBN:	9798286448630

Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics /
Willsea, Jacob R.,

Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics /Jacob R Willsea. - 1 electronic resource (87 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.

Sustainable manure management is key for optimizing the fertilizer value of manure while minimizing its environmental impact. Strategic manure application timing is a practical strategy that farms of any size can use to reduce nitrogen losses from fields and minimize methane emissions. While most Iowa corn (Zea mays L.) producers apply manure in the fall, the extended exposure of manure to environmental conditions puts the nitrogen at risk of loss through volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. This thesis assesses the economic and environmental impacts of shifting to spring, in-season sidedress, or split manure application.The first study in this thesis aims to quantify the effects of spring and sidedress nitrogen applications compared to fall applications. A literature review of 65 site-years highlights the benefits of improved nitrogen application timing. Results suggest that sidedress applications are the most effective, both in terms of yield response and nitrogen use efficiency. Wet weather conditions led to increased sensitivity to timing. This result was enforced by a case study conducted in North-Central Iowa. Across the two years of the study, weather conditions varied significantly. In dry conditions, minimal treatment effects were seen, while wet years highlighted the importance of nitrogen application timing. Fall nitrogen applications were shown to have only 76% of the nitrogen-supplying power of a spring application, while sidedress applications showed 19% more responsiveness than spring applications. Maximum return to nitrogen analysis also emphasized the benefits of improved timing, with sidedress applications having the lowest economic optimum nitrogen rate while yielding the most of any season. This study illustrates the benefits of spring and sidedress applications in optimizing yield, reducing N application rates, and minimizing environmental impacts.The second study explores additional benefits in manure application timing through methane emissions mitigation. Using a methane production model based on daily and monthly ambient temperatures, we assessed the impacts of manure application timing and frequency on methane emissions. Results indicate that transitioning from fall to sidedress manure application reduces methane emissions by 48% and 22% for slurry stores and deep pits, respectively. Split applications further mitigate emissions, with three-way splits reducing methane emissions by up to 73% and 68%. This reduction in greenhouse gas emissions can also have economic benefits, with carbon credit revenue up to $12.44/pig-space or $64/acre using a fall-spring-sidedress split application.The third study briefly analyzes labor savings provided by an autonomous irrigation system, the 360 RAIN, for in-season manure application. This economic analysis concludes that the 360 RAIN can apply manure with operating costs at only 5% of the cost of a commercial manure application. The 360 RAIN provides even more savings when applying dilute manures, like dairy lagoon manure, up to $274/acre. Despite the system's substantial initial investment, the potential savings provided by the 360 RAIN allow for a payback period as short as 6 years, depending on manure type.The fourth and final study in this thesis evaluates the combined economic benefits of optimized manure application strategies, incorporating improved nitrogen application timing, carbon credit income, and labor savings provided by autonomous irrigation technology. Sidedress and fall-sidedress split applications yield the highest returns, averaging $120/acre and $112/acre, respectively. The sidedress slurry store scenario proves most profitable at $126/acre or $24.43/pig-space, as it reduces methane emissions, optimizes nitrogen use efficiency, and eliminates supplemental fertilizer needs. Overall, shifting to a single-sidedress application with autonomous irrigation maximizes farm income, enhances environmental benefits, and mitigates nitrogen loss risk, making it a preferred manure management strategy.

English

ISBN: 9798286448630Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168406
Agricultural engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Application timing

Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics /
LDR:05522nmm a22004333i 4500 001 2435827
005 20251029060400.5
006 m o d
007 cr|nu||||||||
008 261011s2025 miu||||||m |||||||eng d
020 $a 9798286448630
035 $a (MiAaPQD)AAI31994597
035 $a AAI31994597
040 $a MiAaPQD $b eng $c MiAaPQD $e rda
100 1 $a Willsea, Jacob R., $e author. $0 (orcid)0009-0000-7036-4609 $3 3826274
245 1 0 $a Evaluating the Effects of Manure Application Timing on Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Methane Emissions From Storage, and Farm-Level Economics / $c Jacob R Willsea.
264 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2025
300 $a 1 electronic resource (87 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.
500 $a Advisors: Andersen, Daniel S. Committee members: Arora, Kapil; Helmers, Matthew J.
502 $b M.S. $c Iowa State University $d 2025.
520 $a Sustainable manure management is key for optimizing the fertilizer value of manure while minimizing its environmental impact. Strategic manure application timing is a practical strategy that farms of any size can use to reduce nitrogen losses from fields and minimize methane emissions. While most Iowa corn (Zea mays L.) producers apply manure in the fall, the extended exposure of manure to environmental conditions puts the nitrogen at risk of loss through volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. This thesis assesses the economic and environmental impacts of shifting to spring, in-season sidedress, or split manure application.The first study in this thesis aims to quantify the effects of spring and sidedress nitrogen applications compared to fall applications. A literature review of 65 site-years highlights the benefits of improved nitrogen application timing. Results suggest that sidedress applications are the most effective, both in terms of yield response and nitrogen use efficiency. Wet weather conditions led to increased sensitivity to timing. This result was enforced by a case study conducted in North-Central Iowa. Across the two years of the study, weather conditions varied significantly. In dry conditions, minimal treatment effects were seen, while wet years highlighted the importance of nitrogen application timing. Fall nitrogen applications were shown to have only 76% of the nitrogen-supplying power of a spring application, while sidedress applications showed 19% more responsiveness than spring applications. Maximum return to nitrogen analysis also emphasized the benefits of improved timing, with sidedress applications having the lowest economic optimum nitrogen rate while yielding the most of any season. This study illustrates the benefits of spring and sidedress applications in optimizing yield, reducing N application rates, and minimizing environmental impacts.The second study explores additional benefits in manure application timing through methane emissions mitigation. Using a methane production model based on daily and monthly ambient temperatures, we assessed the impacts of manure application timing and frequency on methane emissions. Results indicate that transitioning from fall to sidedress manure application reduces methane emissions by 48% and 22% for slurry stores and deep pits, respectively. Split applications further mitigate emissions, with three-way splits reducing methane emissions by up to 73% and 68%. This reduction in greenhouse gas emissions can also have economic benefits, with carbon credit revenue up to $12.44/pig-space or $64/acre using a fall-spring-sidedress split application.The third study briefly analyzes labor savings provided by an autonomous irrigation system, the 360 RAIN, for in-season manure application. This economic analysis concludes that the 360 RAIN can apply manure with operating costs at only 5% of the cost of a commercial manure application. The 360 RAIN provides even more savings when applying dilute manures, like dairy lagoon manure, up to $274/acre. Despite the system's substantial initial investment, the potential savings provided by the 360 RAIN allow for a payback period as short as 6 years, depending on manure type.The fourth and final study in this thesis evaluates the combined economic benefits of optimized manure application strategies, incorporating improved nitrogen application timing, carbon credit income, and labor savings provided by autonomous irrigation technology. Sidedress and fall-sidedress split applications yield the highest returns, averaging $120/acre and $112/acre, respectively. The sidedress slurry store scenario proves most profitable at $126/acre or $24.43/pig-space, as it reduces methane emissions, optimizes nitrogen use efficiency, and eliminates supplemental fertilizer needs. Overall, shifting to a single-sidedress application with autonomous irrigation maximizes farm income, enhances environmental benefits, and mitigates nitrogen loss risk, making it a preferred manure management strategy.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0097
650 4 $a Agricultural engineering. $3 3168406
653 $a Application timing
653 $a Carbon credits
653 $a Manure management
653 $a Methane
653 $a Nitrogen
653 $a Environmental impact
690 $a 0539
690 $a 0503
710 2 $a Iowa State University. $b Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. $e degree granting institution. $3 3824222
720 1 $a Andersen, Daniel S. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 87-01.
790 $a 0097
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2025
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31994597