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Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Su...

Strauser, Carly Christine,

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Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems // Carly Christine Strauser.
Author:	Strauser, Carly Christine,
Description:	1 electronic resource (90 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International87-01.
Subject:	Horticulture. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31940345
ISBN:	9798286446698

Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems /
Strauser, Carly Christine,

Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems /Carly Christine Strauser. - 1 electronic resource (90 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.

Alternative methods of weed management are necessary for vegetable production to remain sustainable. Vegetable production is an intensive system, necessary to produce a high-yielding crop. Weeds are one of the biggest challenges vegetable growers face. Many vegetable farms in the North Central United States tend to be smaller in size but maximize diversity to provide for their customer base. Growing a wide range of vegetable crops requires multiple weed management methods, each one tailored to fit the needs of the specific crop. There are various tools at a grower's disposal. However, common approaches can be expensive, laborious, and have negative environmental impacts. The central purpose of this work is to provide grower-focused research on alternative weed management methods that small-scale vegetable growers and beyond can utilize. A variety of weed management methods are necessary to provide adequate control. Excess cultivation, or tillage, for weed management can decrease soil health. Herbicides are effective but have personal safety risks and environmental concerns. Plastic mulches are also an effective weed management tool but are a single-use plastic and are impractical for small-scale vegetable farms. Research is needed to evaluate emerging weed management practices for grower adoption and provide recommendations. My research in this thesis is aimed at identifying grower-specific recommendations on emerging weed management methods, specifically: 1) early season tarping impact on weed populations and soil characteristics 2) efficacy of multiple organic herbicides on common weed species. My research presented in Chapter 2 provides region-specific grower recommendations on tarp type and duration. Results are specific to tarping occurring prior to planting a crop in early summer, at tarp durations of 2-, 4-, and 6-weeks and tarp type of black, white, and clear. At tarp removal, black and white tarps, regardless of timing, revealed no weeds underneath the tarp. However, clear tarps were ineffective at reducing weeds at tarp removal and two weeks after tarp removal. Early-season tarping did not negatively impact the soil parameters investigated. This study provided growers with tarp-specific recommendations and revealed a lack of negative impact of tarping on soil metrics. In the second study (Chapter 3), I studied the effectiveness of multiple organic herbicide products on common weed species. The organic herbicides trialed were more effective on broadleaf than grass weed species. The active ingredient, ammonium nonanoate was able to provide the best control, while clove + cinnamon oil and d-limonene are also viable organic herbicide options. However, my results suggest higher rates than those trialed in this experiment for clove + cinnamon oil and d-limonene are necessary for effective weed control. The work in this thesis provides scientific-based knowledge applicable for on-farm adoption to increase sustainable options for alternative weed management options.

English

ISBN: 9798286446698Subjects--Topical Terms:

555447
Horticulture.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Organic herbicides

Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems /
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245 1 0 $a Tarping and Organic Herbicides as Sustainable Weed Management Strategies for Vegetable Cropping Systems / $c Carly Christine Strauser.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01.
500 $a Advisors: Nair, Ajay Committee members: Thoms, Adam; McDaniel, Marshall; Wiedenhoeft, Mary.
502 $b M.S. $c Iowa State University $d 2025.
520 $a Alternative methods of weed management are necessary for vegetable production to remain sustainable. Vegetable production is an intensive system, necessary to produce a high-yielding crop. Weeds are one of the biggest challenges vegetable growers face. Many vegetable farms in the North Central United States tend to be smaller in size but maximize diversity to provide for their customer base. Growing a wide range of vegetable crops requires multiple weed management methods, each one tailored to fit the needs of the specific crop. There are various tools at a grower's disposal. However, common approaches can be expensive, laborious, and have negative environmental impacts. The central purpose of this work is to provide grower-focused research on alternative weed management methods that small-scale vegetable growers and beyond can utilize. A variety of weed management methods are necessary to provide adequate control. Excess cultivation, or tillage, for weed management can decrease soil health. Herbicides are effective but have personal safety risks and environmental concerns. Plastic mulches are also an effective weed management tool but are a single-use plastic and are impractical for small-scale vegetable farms. Research is needed to evaluate emerging weed management practices for grower adoption and provide recommendations. My research in this thesis is aimed at identifying grower-specific recommendations on emerging weed management methods, specifically: 1) early season tarping impact on weed populations and soil characteristics 2) efficacy of multiple organic herbicides on common weed species. My research presented in Chapter 2 provides region-specific grower recommendations on tarp type and duration. Results are specific to tarping occurring prior to planting a crop in early summer, at tarp durations of 2-, 4-, and 6-weeks and tarp type of black, white, and clear. At tarp removal, black and white tarps, regardless of timing, revealed no weeds underneath the tarp. However, clear tarps were ineffective at reducing weeds at tarp removal and two weeks after tarp removal. Early-season tarping did not negatively impact the soil parameters investigated. This study provided growers with tarp-specific recommendations and revealed a lack of negative impact of tarping on soil metrics. In the second study (Chapter 3), I studied the effectiveness of multiple organic herbicide products on common weed species. The organic herbicides trialed were more effective on broadleaf than grass weed species. The active ingredient, ammonium nonanoate was able to provide the best control, while clove + cinnamon oil and d-limonene are also viable organic herbicide options. However, my results suggest higher rates than those trialed in this experiment for clove + cinnamon oil and d-limonene are necessary for effective weed control. The work in this thesis provides scientific-based knowledge applicable for on-farm adoption to increase sustainable options for alternative weed management options.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0097
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 555447
650 4 $a Sustainability. $3 1029978
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 518588
650 4 $a Soil sciences. $3 2122699
653 $a Organic herbicides
653 $a Soil health
653 $a Solarization
653 $a Tarping
653 $a Vegetable production
653 $a Weed management
690 $a 0471
690 $a 0640
690 $a 0481
690 $a 0473
710 2 $a Iowa State University. $b Horticulture. $e degree granting institution. $3 3826267
720 1 $a Nair, Ajay $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 87-01.
790 $a 0097
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2025
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31940345