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A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival = = Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival =/ Aryeri Stephanie Bardales Castellanos.
Reminder of title:	Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones /
Author:	Bardales Castellanos, Aryeri Stephanie,
Description:	1 electronic resource (145 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International86-11.
Subject:	Animal sciences. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31841577
ISBN:	9798315767527

A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival = = Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones /
Bardales Castellanos, Aryeri Stephanie,

A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival =Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones /Aryeri Stephanie Bardales Castellanos. - 1 electronic resource (145 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11.

Pre-weaning mortality (PWM) remains a significant challenge in modern swine production systems, particularly in the context of hyper prolific sows. Although genetic selection has successfully increased litter sizes, these advancements have also intensified physiological stress on sows and increased the vulnerability of neonatal piglets. The majority of PWM occurs within the first 72 hours postpartum, with crushing by the sow as the leading cause of death. Additionally, iron deficiency anemia remains one of the most widespread nutritional disorders in piglets, further compromising survival, immune function, and growth. This thesis adopts a multifactorial approach to evaluate two management interventions aimed at improving piglet health and survivability: sow feeding strategies in early lactation and piglet iron supplementation protocols.The first study investigated the impact of different lactation feeding schedules during the first five days after parturition on sow feed intake, behavior, and piglet performance. A total of 261 sows were assigned to one of three feeding regimens: two meals per day (feed-2), six meals per day (feed-6), or a hybrid approach (feed-2/6), where sows transitioned from two to six meals after day five. While overall litter performance did not differ significantly among feeding strategies, parity emerged as a critical factor influencing outcomes. Older sows consumed more feed but exhibited higher PWM, largely due to crushing, and showed lower hemoglobin concentrations. These results indicate that sow age, rather than feeding frequency, was more strongly associated with piglet mortality and reproductive outcomes.The second study assessed the effectiveness of one versus two iron supplementation strategies in suckling piglets and evaluated both injectable and oral administration methods. Over 2,300 piglets were monitored for changes in hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and anemia status across three time points during lactation. Results demonstrated that a second dose of iron significantly improved Hb levels at weaning and reduced the prevalence of anemia. Parity also played a role, with gilts producing piglets with lower Hb concentrations and higher rates of anemia compared to multiparous sows. Iron supplementation improved not only hematological status but also piglet growth and survivability, especially in low-parity litters where the risk of anemia is highest. In conclusion, these findings emphasize the need to implement integrated management strategies that consider both sow- and piglet-specific factors. Feeding schedules in early lactation did not independently influence piglet mortality; however, parity had a pronounced impact on maternal performance and PWM. Likewise, enhanced iron supplementation protocols proved effective in reducing the incidence of anemia and improving piglet hematological status and growth. However, further research is warranted to determine the most effective, practical, and economically sustainable supplementation strategies for commercial production systems. Overall, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of how targeted nutritional and management interventions can be strategically implemented to reduce pre-weaning mortality and enhance both productivity and animal welfare in modern swine operations.

English

ISBN: 9798315767527Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174829
Animal sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Anemia

A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival = = Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones /
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245 1 2 $a A Multifactorial Approach to Improve Piglet Health and Survival = $b Un Enfoque Multifactorial para Mejorar la Salud y la Supervivencia de los Lechones / $c Aryeri Stephanie Bardales Castellanos.
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502 $b M.S. $c South Dakota State University $d 2025.
520 $a Pre-weaning mortality (PWM) remains a significant challenge in modern swine production systems, particularly in the context of hyper prolific sows. Although genetic selection has successfully increased litter sizes, these advancements have also intensified physiological stress on sows and increased the vulnerability of neonatal piglets. The majority of PWM occurs within the first 72 hours postpartum, with crushing by the sow as the leading cause of death. Additionally, iron deficiency anemia remains one of the most widespread nutritional disorders in piglets, further compromising survival, immune function, and growth. This thesis adopts a multifactorial approach to evaluate two management interventions aimed at improving piglet health and survivability: sow feeding strategies in early lactation and piglet iron supplementation protocols.The first study investigated the impact of different lactation feeding schedules during the first five days after parturition on sow feed intake, behavior, and piglet performance. A total of 261 sows were assigned to one of three feeding regimens: two meals per day (feed-2), six meals per day (feed-6), or a hybrid approach (feed-2/6), where sows transitioned from two to six meals after day five. While overall litter performance did not differ significantly among feeding strategies, parity emerged as a critical factor influencing outcomes. Older sows consumed more feed but exhibited higher PWM, largely due to crushing, and showed lower hemoglobin concentrations. These results indicate that sow age, rather than feeding frequency, was more strongly associated with piglet mortality and reproductive outcomes.The second study assessed the effectiveness of one versus two iron supplementation strategies in suckling piglets and evaluated both injectable and oral administration methods. Over 2,300 piglets were monitored for changes in hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and anemia status across three time points during lactation. Results demonstrated that a second dose of iron significantly improved Hb levels at weaning and reduced the prevalence of anemia. Parity also played a role, with gilts producing piglets with lower Hb concentrations and higher rates of anemia compared to multiparous sows. Iron supplementation improved not only hematological status but also piglet growth and survivability, especially in low-parity litters where the risk of anemia is highest. In conclusion, these findings emphasize the need to implement integrated management strategies that consider both sow- and piglet-specific factors. Feeding schedules in early lactation did not independently influence piglet mortality; however, parity had a pronounced impact on maternal performance and PWM. Likewise, enhanced iron supplementation protocols proved effective in reducing the incidence of anemia and improving piglet hematological status and growth. However, further research is warranted to determine the most effective, practical, and economically sustainable supplementation strategies for commercial production systems. Overall, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of how targeted nutritional and management interventions can be strategically implemented to reduce pre-weaning mortality and enhance both productivity and animal welfare in modern swine operations.
520 $a La mortalidad pre-destete (MPD) continua representando un desafio considerable en los sistemas modernos de produccion porcina, especialmente en cerdas hiper prolificas. Aunque la seleccion genetica ha permitido aumentar el tamano de camada, estos avances tambien han incrementado las exigencias fisiologicas sobre la cerda y la vulnerabilidad de los lechones neonatales. La mayoria de las muertes ocurren durante las primeras 72 horas postparto, siendo el aplastamiento por parte de la cerda la principal causa. Ademas, la anemia por deficiencia de hierro sigue siendo uno de los trastornos nutricionales mas prevalentes en lechones, afectando negativamente su supervivencia, funcion inmune y crecimiento. Esta tesis adopta un enfoque multifactorial para evaluar dos estrategias de manejo orientadas a mejorar la salud y la supervivencia de los lechones: los programas de alimentacion de la cerda durante la lactancia temprana y los protocolos de suplementacion de hierro en lechones lactantes.El primer estudio examino el efecto de distintos esquemas de alimentacion durante los primeros cinco dias postparto sobre el consumo de alimento de la cerda, su comportamiento maternal y el desempeno de la camada. Un total de 261 cerdas fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a uno de tres tratamientos: dos comidas por dia (feed-2), seis comidas por dia (feed-6) o un esquema hibrido (feed-2/6), en el cual se ofrecieron dos comidas diarias hasta el dia cinco y luego seis comidas diarias. Aunque el desempeno de las camadas no mostro diferencias significativas entre tratamientos, la edad o numero de parto (paridad) de la cerda fue un factor determinante. Las cerdas de mayor paridad consumieron mas alimento, pero presentaron mayores tasas de MPD, principalmente por aplastamiento, y menores concentraciones de hemoglobina. Estos resultados indican que la paridad, mas que la frecuencia alimenticia, se asocio con la mortalidad de los lechones y el desempeno reproductivo de la cerda.El segundo estudio evaluo la eficacia de una versus dos suplementaciones de hierro en lechones lactantes, comparando metodos de administracion inyectable y oral. Se monitorearon mas de 2,300 lechones para evaluar cambios en las concentraciones de hemoglobina (Hb) y el estado anemico en tres momentos durante la lactancia. Una segunda dosis de hierro mejoro significativamente los niveles de Hb al destete y redujo la prevalencia de anemia. La paridad tambien influyo, ya que los lechones de primerizas presentaron menores concentraciones de Hb y mayor incidencia de anemia en comparacion con los de cerdas multiparas. La suplementacion de hierro no solo mejoro el estado hematologico, sino tambien el crecimiento y la supervivencia de los lechones, particularmente en camadas de baja paridad, donde el riesgo de anemia fue mayor.En conclusion, estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de implementar estrategias de manejo integradas que consideren tanto factores especificos de la cerda como del lechon. La frecuencia de alimentacion durante la lactancia temprana no tuvo un impacto directo sobre la mortalidad de los lechones, pero la paridad si influyo de manera significativa sobre el desempeno materno y la MPD. Asimismo, los protocolos mejorados de suplementacion con hierro demostraron ser efectivos para reducir la incidencia de anemia y mejorar el estado de salud y crecimiento de los lechones. Sin embargo, se requiere mas investigacion para determinar estrategias de suplementacion que sean efectivas, practicas y economicamente viables en condiciones comerciales. Esta investigacion contribuye a una comprension mas integral de como las intervenciones nutricionales y de manejo dirigidas pueden aplicarse estrategicamente para reducir la mortalidad pre-destete y mejorar la productividad y el bienestar animal en los sistemas modernos de produccion porcina.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0205
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
650 4 $a Animal diseases. $3 3181862
650 4 $a Nutrition. $3 517777
653 $a Anemia
653 $a Feeding schedule
653 $a Iron supplementation
653 $a Piglet survivability
653 $a Pre-weaning mortality
653 $a Sow parity
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690 $a 0476
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710 2 $a South Dakota State University. $b Animal Science. $e degree granting institution. $3 3826194
720 1 $a Levesque, Crystal L. $e degree supervisor.
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