東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative En...

Donner, Helena,

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture /

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture // Helena Donner.
作者:	Donner, Helena,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (185 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-05B.
標題:	Greenhouses. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31724358
ISBN:	9798346572237

Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture /
Donner, Helena,

Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture /Helena Donner. - 1 electronic resource (185 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.

Insects play pivotal roles in ecosystems, and influence the world around them in ways we usually do not notice. Inside insects, microbes can be found. In this thesis I explored the symbiosis between a group of insects, aphids, and the bacteria that live inside them, called endosymbionts.Aphids as pestsAphids are a group of insects that feed on plant sap, and can have a range of negative effects on their host plants. Aphid populations can increase incredibly fast. Of the over 5000 recorded aphid species, about 100 are considered to be pests of agricultural importance. The effects of these aphid pests on agriculture are large.Aphids can be controlled with chemical pesticides, which often have negative effects on the environment, or with biocontrol. Biocontrol uses natural enemies to control a pest, and is a more sustainable alternative to chemical control. Although biocontrol has a higher success rate, lower developmental costs, and a similar cost/benefit ratio as chemical control, the uptake has been low. However, with changing regulations and a slow shift in the mindset of consumers, growers, and regulators, I hope that biocontrol will become more and more common and eventually become the main pest control strategy.Aphid biocontrol often involves the use of parasitoid wasps. Parasitoid wasps lay an egg inside the aphid which hatches into a larva which eventually kills the aphid and becomes a new wasp. Recently, a concern has emerged that parasitoid wasp biocontrol can be negatively affected by the bacterial endosymbionts that aphids often carry.Protective symbiosisAphids carry bacterial endosymbionts, which can be either obligate (necessary for the survival of the aphid) or facultative (optional). In this thesis I focus on facultative endosymbionts. Facultative endosymbionts can have a range of effects on their aphid host, such as changing the colour of the aphid, protecting against heat stress, and protecting their aphid host against natural enemies.A number of laboratory studies have shown that multiple species of facultative endosymbionts can protect their aphid host against parasitoid wasps. Whether an endosymbiont offers this protection and how strong this protection is depends on the species and sometimes even strain of aphid, endosymbiont, and parasitoid wasp. It is still unclear to which extent protective endosymbionts hamper aphid biocontrol. Moreover, it is still unclear how often facultative endosymbionts even occur in settings where parasitoid wasps are regularly deployed, such as in crops grown in greenhouses.Aphids and their endosymbionts are not only interesting from a pest control perspective. It is likely that endosymbionts significantly affect community dynamics in nature, since their effects on their hosts are large. Therefore, aphid-endosymbiont interactions are also interesting for fundamental research. Data on the prevalence and effects of endosymbionts are still limited for most aphid species. However, the picture that has emerged so far is that many species do carry endosymbionts.Research questionsIn this thesis my aim was to answer the following questions:1) How common are aphid facultative endosymbionts in natural (Chapter 2) and agricultural (Chapters 3 and 4) environments?2) Is there a correlation between aphid facultative endosymbionts and host-plant range or ant tending (Chapter 2)?

English

ISBN: 9798346572237Subjects--Topical Terms:

1530611
Greenhouses.

Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture /
LDR:04895nmm a22004453i 4500 001 2435748
005 20251029060341.5
006 m o d
007 cr|nu||||||||
008 261011s2024 miu||||||m |||||||eng d
020 $a 9798346572237
035 $a (MiAaPQD)AAI31724358
035 $a (MiAaPQD)Wageningen634716
035 $a AAI31724358
040 $a MiAaPQD $b eng $c MiAaPQD $e rda
100 1 $a Donner, Helena, $e author. $3 3826160
245 1 0 $a Bugs & Berries: Aphid Facultative Endosymbionts in Nature and Agriculture / $c Helena Donner.
264 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2024
300 $a 1 electronic resource (185 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
500 $a Advisors: Zwaan, Bas J.; Dicke, Marcel; Pannebakker, Bart A.; Verhulst, Eveline C.
502 $b Ph.D. $c Wageningen University and Research $d 2024.
520 $a Insects play pivotal roles in ecosystems, and influence the world around them in ways we usually do not notice. Inside insects, microbes can be found. In this thesis I explored the symbiosis between a group of insects, aphids, and the bacteria that live inside them, called endosymbionts.Aphids as pestsAphids are a group of insects that feed on plant sap, and can have a range of negative effects on their host plants. Aphid populations can increase incredibly fast. Of the over 5000 recorded aphid species, about 100 are considered to be pests of agricultural importance. The effects of these aphid pests on agriculture are large.Aphids can be controlled with chemical pesticides, which often have negative effects on the environment, or with biocontrol. Biocontrol uses natural enemies to control a pest, and is a more sustainable alternative to chemical control. Although biocontrol has a higher success rate, lower developmental costs, and a similar cost/benefit ratio as chemical control, the uptake has been low. However, with changing regulations and a slow shift in the mindset of consumers, growers, and regulators, I hope that biocontrol will become more and more common and eventually become the main pest control strategy.Aphid biocontrol often involves the use of parasitoid wasps. Parasitoid wasps lay an egg inside the aphid which hatches into a larva which eventually kills the aphid and becomes a new wasp. Recently, a concern has emerged that parasitoid wasp biocontrol can be negatively affected by the bacterial endosymbionts that aphids often carry.Protective symbiosisAphids carry bacterial endosymbionts, which can be either obligate (necessary for the survival of the aphid) or facultative (optional). In this thesis I focus on facultative endosymbionts. Facultative endosymbionts can have a range of effects on their aphid host, such as changing the colour of the aphid, protecting against heat stress, and protecting their aphid host against natural enemies.A number of laboratory studies have shown that multiple species of facultative endosymbionts can protect their aphid host against parasitoid wasps. Whether an endosymbiont offers this protection and how strong this protection is depends on the species and sometimes even strain of aphid, endosymbiont, and parasitoid wasp. It is still unclear to which extent protective endosymbionts hamper aphid biocontrol. Moreover, it is still unclear how often facultative endosymbionts even occur in settings where parasitoid wasps are regularly deployed, such as in crops grown in greenhouses.Aphids and their endosymbionts are not only interesting from a pest control perspective. It is likely that endosymbionts significantly affect community dynamics in nature, since their effects on their hosts are large. Therefore, aphid-endosymbiont interactions are also interesting for fundamental research. Data on the prevalence and effects of endosymbionts are still limited for most aphid species. However, the picture that has emerged so far is that many species do carry endosymbionts.Research questionsIn this thesis my aim was to answer the following questions:1) How common are aphid facultative endosymbionts in natural (Chapter 2) and agricultural (Chapters 3 and 4) environments?2) Is there a correlation between aphid facultative endosymbionts and host-plant range or ant tending (Chapter 2)?
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 2157
650 4 $a Greenhouses. $3 1530611
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 518588
650 4 $a Flowers & plants. $3 3564028
650 4 $a Pesticides. $3 660104
650 4 $a Agricultural chemistry. $3 523947
650 4 $a Botany. $3 516217
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 555447
650 4 $a Organic chemistry. $3 523952
690 $a 0473
690 $a 0749
690 $a 0309
690 $a 0471
690 $a 0490
710 2 $a Wageningen University and Research. $e degree granting institution. $3 3815267
720 1 $a Zwaan, Bas J. $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Dicke, Marcel $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Pannebakker, Bart A. $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Verhulst, Eveline C. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-05B.
790 $a 2157
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2024
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31724358