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Influence of Three Drills on the Bio...

Thomas, Adam,

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Influence of Three Drills on the Biomechanics of the Baseball Swing /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Influence of Three Drills on the Biomechanics of the Baseball Swing // Adam Thomas.
Author:	Thomas, Adam,
Description:	1 electronic resource (65 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-09B.
Subject:	Sports management. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30995234
ISBN:	9798381899702

Influence of Three Drills on the Biomechanics of the Baseball Swing /
Thomas, Adam,

Influence of Three Drills on the Biomechanics of the Baseball Swing /Adam Thomas. - 1 electronic resource (65 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-09, Section: B.

Introduction and Purpose: The intersegmental coordination between the pelvis and hand is a key component of sound hitting mechanics in baseball. Several training methods have been used in the field to alter the hand-pelvis coordination during hitting, but the effectiveness of these methods has not been experimentally examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate immediate effects of selected hitting drills on the kinematics of hand and pelvis during baseball hitting. Methods: Nine college baseball players were recruited, and a repeated measures design was used. Each participant underwent four hitting drills in a random order: (1) no drill (BASELINE); (2) holding an 8.5-inch ball with the elbow of the front arm (FRONT); (3) holding the same ball with the elbow of the back arm (BACK); (4) stepping down from a 4-inch step (STEP). The hand motion and pelvis motion were recorded with a camera-based motion capture system (Qualisys AB, Sweden). In each condition, the participant was asked to hit a ball attached to a standing hitting trainer. A cluster of four markers was attached to the hand segment and a cluster of three markers was attached to the pelvis segment, and the six degrees of freedom method was used to model these segments. The following kinematic variables were calculated at the time when the bat strikes the ball: (1) linear distance between the hand the pelvis; (2) range of pelvic rotation; (3) acceleration of pelvic rotation. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare these variables across the four conditions. Results and Discussion: There was a significant difference with the hand-pelvis linear distance at ball contact between BASELINE (47.8 ± 1.2 cm) and BACK (50.2 ± 1.3 cm), p = 0.04, Cohen's d = 0.82, a large effect. Originally, the BACK drill was designed to aid in keeping the hands more upright as the hitter progresses from the swing phase to ball contact, which prevents the hands from rotating posteriorly at ball contact. This was consistent with my results that in the BACK drill, participants tended to reach the hand further away from the pelvis at ball contact. The benefit of such change was discussed in previous research. Kim et al. (2009) found that increasing swing velocity can be achieved by increasing the distance between the hand and the axis of proximal joint rotation, which can be done by increasing trunk rotation. The BACK drill is able to assist with increasing velocity as well. Effective and efficient hitting mechanics will cause the torso to rotate towards the front leg and progress into pelvis rotation towards the stride leg (Washington & Oliver, 2020). On the other hand, I did not find significant changes in other conditions. The participants were skilled baseball hitters, and their hitting patterns were stable, and the FRONT and STEP conditions were found to have minimal impact on changing their patterns. However, it would be interesting to examine if these drills have any impact on novice individuals who just started learning baseball hitting. Conclusions and Applications in Sport: This research was performed to determine if three commonly used drills (Front Ball Drill, Back Ball Drill, and Step-Down Drill) with baseball players make a difference in a hitter's swing mechanics in regard to hand-pelvis linear distance at ball contact, magnitude of pelvic rotation at ball contact, pelvic acceleration at ball contact, and the maximum pelvic acceleration throughout the baseball swing. Based on a quantitative analysis using nine collegiate Division One baseball players, it can be concluded that BACK drill can be used with hitters to control hand to pelvis distance and control.

English

ISBN: 9798381899702Subjects--Topical Terms:

3423935
Sports management.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Baseball swing

Influence of Three Drills on the Biomechanics of the Baseball Swing /
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520 $a Introduction and Purpose: The intersegmental coordination between the pelvis and hand is a key component of sound hitting mechanics in baseball. Several training methods have been used in the field to alter the hand-pelvis coordination during hitting, but the effectiveness of these methods has not been experimentally examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate immediate effects of selected hitting drills on the kinematics of hand and pelvis during baseball hitting. Methods: Nine college baseball players were recruited, and a repeated measures design was used. Each participant underwent four hitting drills in a random order: (1) no drill (BASELINE); (2) holding an 8.5-inch ball with the elbow of the front arm (FRONT); (3) holding the same ball with the elbow of the back arm (BACK); (4) stepping down from a 4-inch step (STEP). The hand motion and pelvis motion were recorded with a camera-based motion capture system (Qualisys AB, Sweden). In each condition, the participant was asked to hit a ball attached to a standing hitting trainer. A cluster of four markers was attached to the hand segment and a cluster of three markers was attached to the pelvis segment, and the six degrees of freedom method was used to model these segments. The following kinematic variables were calculated at the time when the bat strikes the ball: (1) linear distance between the hand the pelvis; (2) range of pelvic rotation; (3) acceleration of pelvic rotation. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare these variables across the four conditions. Results and Discussion: There was a significant difference with the hand-pelvis linear distance at ball contact between BASELINE (47.8 ± 1.2 cm) and BACK (50.2 ± 1.3 cm), p = 0.04, Cohen's d = 0.82, a large effect. Originally, the BACK drill was designed to aid in keeping the hands more upright as the hitter progresses from the swing phase to ball contact, which prevents the hands from rotating posteriorly at ball contact. This was consistent with my results that in the BACK drill, participants tended to reach the hand further away from the pelvis at ball contact. The benefit of such change was discussed in previous research. Kim et al. (2009) found that increasing swing velocity can be achieved by increasing the distance between the hand and the axis of proximal joint rotation, which can be done by increasing trunk rotation. The BACK drill is able to assist with increasing velocity as well. Effective and efficient hitting mechanics will cause the torso to rotate towards the front leg and progress into pelvis rotation towards the stride leg (Washington & Oliver, 2020). On the other hand, I did not find significant changes in other conditions. The participants were skilled baseball hitters, and their hitting patterns were stable, and the FRONT and STEP conditions were found to have minimal impact on changing their patterns. However, it would be interesting to examine if these drills have any impact on novice individuals who just started learning baseball hitting. Conclusions and Applications in Sport: This research was performed to determine if three commonly used drills (Front Ball Drill, Back Ball Drill, and Step-Down Drill) with baseball players make a difference in a hitter's swing mechanics in regard to hand-pelvis linear distance at ball contact, magnitude of pelvic rotation at ball contact, pelvic acceleration at ball contact, and the maximum pelvic acceleration throughout the baseball swing. Based on a quantitative analysis using nine collegiate Division One baseball players, it can be concluded that BACK drill can be used with hitters to control hand to pelvis distance and control.
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590 $a School code: 1155
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650 4 $a Biomechanics. $3 548685
650 4 $a Physiology. $3 518431
653 $a Baseball swing
653 $a Drills
653 $a Pelvis
653 $a Proximal joint rotation
653 $a Skilled baseball hitters
690 $a 0430
690 $a 0648
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710 2 $a United States Sports Academy. $b Sports Management. $e degree granting institution. $3 3824376
720 1 $a Herrron, Robert L. $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Cromartie, Fred $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-09B.
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791 $a Ed.D.
792 $a 2024
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