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Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects ...

Westemeyer, Ross M.,

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Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects of Skill- and Strength- Based Swallowing Rehabilitation /

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects of Skill- and Strength- Based Swallowing Rehabilitation // Ross M Westemeyer.
作者:	Westemeyer, Ross M.,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (154 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-11B.
標題:	Speech therapy. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30486109
ISBN:	9798379488451

Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects of Skill- and Strength- Based Swallowing Rehabilitation /
Westemeyer, Ross M.,

Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects of Skill- and Strength- Based Swallowing Rehabilitation /Ross M Westemeyer. - 1 electronic resource (154 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.

Swallowing rehabilitation includes skill- and strength-based treatment approaches. Skill-based training challenges movement patterns through swallowing specific exercises and biofeedback. Strength-based regimens aim to improve strength and endurance of oropharyngeal muscles. Although both strategies may be efficacious in improving swallow outcomes, there is little evidence of their neuroplastic effects. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the neuroplastic and swallowing-related effects of skilled and strength training regimens.Two participants were recruited for this study. Participant 1 had chronic post stroke dysphagia and Participant 2 was a healthy age- and sex-matched control. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSSs) were completed at baseline and following skill- and strength-based interventions. Participant 1 had contraindications for MRI so only participated in VFSS sessions. Each participant completed 16 treatment sessions of a skilled and strength intervention. The skilled treatment involved swallow training which challenged force and temporal aspects of swallowing with biofeedback of submental muscle activity via surface electromyography. The strength regimen included tongue-to-palate resistance training and expiratory muscle strength training.Blood-oxygenated-level-dependent (BOLD) activity during functional MRI of a saliva swallowing task and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) among swallowing related regions of interest (ROIs) were outcomes assessing neuroplastic effects following interventions. Computational analysis of swallow mechanics and kinematic analyses were applied to VFSS data, and Participant 1's data were evaluated using clinical VFSS rating measures. Participant 1 also completed a swallowing-related quality of life survey at VFSS time-points.Neuroimaging results demonstrated a general pattern of increased BOLD activation in sensorimotor cortices and increased FC among ROIs after treatments. Each VFSS time-point had significant shape differences in morphometric analysis of swallow mechanics at individual and group levels. Group level kinematic results revealed significant amplitude and timing differences following interventions. Compared with baseline measures, Participant 1 reduced the severity and frequency of impairment related scores and improved swallowing-related quality of life after each intervention. Skill- and strength-based swallowing rehabilitation were overall associated with positive physiologic and neuroplastic adaptation, and improved quality of life.

English

ISBN: 9798379488451Subjects--Topical Terms:

520446
Speech therapy.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Dysphagia

Neuroplastic and Behavioral Effects of Skill- and Strength- Based Swallowing Rehabilitation /
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520 $a Swallowing rehabilitation includes skill- and strength-based treatment approaches. Skill-based training challenges movement patterns through swallowing specific exercises and biofeedback. Strength-based regimens aim to improve strength and endurance of oropharyngeal muscles. Although both strategies may be efficacious in improving swallow outcomes, there is little evidence of their neuroplastic effects. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the neuroplastic and swallowing-related effects of skilled and strength training regimens.Two participants were recruited for this study. Participant 1 had chronic post stroke dysphagia and Participant 2 was a healthy age- and sex-matched control. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSSs) were completed at baseline and following skill- and strength-based interventions. Participant 1 had contraindications for MRI so only participated in VFSS sessions. Each participant completed 16 treatment sessions of a skilled and strength intervention. The skilled treatment involved swallow training which challenged force and temporal aspects of swallowing with biofeedback of submental muscle activity via surface electromyography. The strength regimen included tongue-to-palate resistance training and expiratory muscle strength training.Blood-oxygenated-level-dependent (BOLD) activity during functional MRI of a saliva swallowing task and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) among swallowing related regions of interest (ROIs) were outcomes assessing neuroplastic effects following interventions. Computational analysis of swallow mechanics and kinematic analyses were applied to VFSS data, and Participant 1's data were evaluated using clinical VFSS rating measures. Participant 1 also completed a swallowing-related quality of life survey at VFSS time-points.Neuroimaging results demonstrated a general pattern of increased BOLD activation in sensorimotor cortices and increased FC among ROIs after treatments. Each VFSS time-point had significant shape differences in morphometric analysis of swallow mechanics at individual and group levels. Group level kinematic results revealed significant amplitude and timing differences following interventions. Compared with baseline measures, Participant 1 reduced the severity and frequency of impairment related scores and improved swallowing-related quality of life after each intervention. Skill- and strength-based swallowing rehabilitation were overall associated with positive physiologic and neuroplastic adaptation, and improved quality of life.
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