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Examination of a Holistic Focus of Attention During Vertical Jump Performance /

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Examination of a Holistic Focus of Attention During Vertical Jump Performance // Tatiana Zhuravleva.
作者:	Zhuravleva, Tatiana,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (136 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-03B.
標題:	Kinesiology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30572357
ISBN:	9798380163736

Examination of a Holistic Focus of Attention During Vertical Jump Performance /
Zhuravleva, Tatiana,

Examination of a Holistic Focus of Attention During Vertical Jump Performance /Tatiana Zhuravleva. - 1 electronic resource (136 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.

According to motor learning research, directing one's attention externally is more advantageous for motor performance than directing attention internally (Wulf, 2013). Resent research has shown that a holistic focus (HF) yields similar benefits but the effectiveness of HF in various tasks and populations requires further investigation. Purpose: The aim of this dissertation was to examine attentional focus beyond the traditional internal (IF) and external (EF) focus. In particular, to examine a HF under kinetic and kinematic outcome measures, during vertical jump performance in both trained and untrained individuals. In Chapter 1 of this dissertation, background information on attentional focus is presented, including the earliest theories that explains the benefit of an EF over IF. Chapter 2 provides a literature review on attentional focus, with an emphasis on examining the kinetic, kinematic, and electromyographic (EMG) outcomes. Chapter 3 investigates the effects of a HF on vertical jump performance in untrained individuals, while Chapter 4 explores the impact of a HF on vertical jump performance in trained individuals. Chapter 5 provides discussion on the results of the two experiments in the context of previous research and provides suggestions for future research. Methods: In experiment one, 19 college students and in experiment two, 16 American football players performed 12 vertical jumps in a counterbalanced order under four conditions with three jumps in each: IF, EF, HF, and control (CON). All participants performed the vertical jumps on a force plate with 16 reflective markers placed on their lower extremities. The self-reported questionnaire was used to investigate the adherence to the cues. Several repeated measures ANOVA's with Sidak post-hoc were used to analyze jump height, mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and knee and hip flexion. Friedman's non-parametric test was used to analyze self-reported questionnaire. Results: In the experiment one, a significant main effect for jump height was observed [F(3,54) = 12.09, p < .001, ηp2 = .40]. HF and EF jumped higher than an IF (p < .001; p < .001). An EF jumped higher than the CON condition (p = .029), No evidence of a difference in mean jump height was observed among other conditions (p's > .15). In addition, there was no evidence of a difference for mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and flexion of the knee and hip (p's > .15). For adherence, Friedman's test revealed a significant effect for condition [χ2 (2) = 8.84, p = .012]. The post hoc analyses for non-normally distributed variables with the Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed that individuals adhered greater to HF than IF (p < .004), with slight evidence of a difference in mean adherence scores between IF and EF (p = .052). No evidence of a difference was observed in adherence scores between HF and EF (p > .991). For preference, the descriptive statistics showed that out of 19 participants, nine preferred a HF, seven chose an EF, three preferred CON, and no one picked an IF. In experiment two, a significant main effect for jump height was also observed [F(3,45) = 7.38, p =004, ηp2 = .33]. HF and EF jumped significantly higher than CON (p = .035; p = .033). Some slight evidence of a difference in mean vertical jump height were observed between IF and HF (p = .149), IF and EF (p = .159) although it did not meet our significance criteria. No evidence of a difference was observed in jump height between HF and EF (p = .883), or CON and IF (p = .782). In addition, there was no evidence of a difference observed in mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and flexion of the knee and hip (p's > .15). For adherence, the Friedman's test revealed a slight evidence of a difference in adherence scores between conditions [χ2 (2) = 4.41, p = .110] although it did not meet our significance criteria. For preference, out of 16 participants, nine preferred a HF, seven preferred an EF, three preferred a control, and no one preferred an IF. Conclusion: The results of two experiments support previous research with the benefits of a HF and EF among various populations (Becker et al., 2019; Wulf & Dufek, 2009; Zhuravleva & Aiken, 2023). However, the benefits of HF and EF cannot be attributed to the kinetic or kinematic changes, therefore more research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanics of HF. In conclusion, HF and EF focus can be utilized by practitioners (i.e., coaches and athletes) during vertical jump to enhance performance.

English

ISBN: 9798380163736Subjects--Topical Terms:

517627
Kinesiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Attentional focus

Examination of a Holistic Focus of Attention During Vertical Jump Performance /
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502 $b Ph.D. $c New Mexico State University $d 2023.
520 $a According to motor learning research, directing one's attention externally is more advantageous for motor performance than directing attention internally (Wulf, 2013). Resent research has shown that a holistic focus (HF) yields similar benefits but the effectiveness of HF in various tasks and populations requires further investigation. Purpose: The aim of this dissertation was to examine attentional focus beyond the traditional internal (IF) and external (EF) focus. In particular, to examine a HF under kinetic and kinematic outcome measures, during vertical jump performance in both trained and untrained individuals. In Chapter 1 of this dissertation, background information on attentional focus is presented, including the earliest theories that explains the benefit of an EF over IF. Chapter 2 provides a literature review on attentional focus, with an emphasis on examining the kinetic, kinematic, and electromyographic (EMG) outcomes. Chapter 3 investigates the effects of a HF on vertical jump performance in untrained individuals, while Chapter 4 explores the impact of a HF on vertical jump performance in trained individuals. Chapter 5 provides discussion on the results of the two experiments in the context of previous research and provides suggestions for future research. Methods: In experiment one, 19 college students and in experiment two, 16 American football players performed 12 vertical jumps in a counterbalanced order under four conditions with three jumps in each: IF, EF, HF, and control (CON). All participants performed the vertical jumps on a force plate with 16 reflective markers placed on their lower extremities. The self-reported questionnaire was used to investigate the adherence to the cues. Several repeated measures ANOVA's with Sidak post-hoc were used to analyze jump height, mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and knee and hip flexion. Friedman's non-parametric test was used to analyze self-reported questionnaire. Results: In the experiment one, a significant main effect for jump height was observed [F(3,54) = 12.09, p < .001, ηp2 = .40]. HF and EF jumped higher than an IF (p < .001; p < .001). An EF jumped higher than the CON condition (p = .029), No evidence of a difference in mean jump height was observed among other conditions (p's > .15). In addition, there was no evidence of a difference for mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and flexion of the knee and hip (p's > .15). For adherence, Friedman's test revealed a significant effect for condition [χ2 (2) = 8.84, p = .012]. The post hoc analyses for non-normally distributed variables with the Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed that individuals adhered greater to HF than IF (p < .004), with slight evidence of a difference in mean adherence scores between IF and EF (p = .052). No evidence of a difference was observed in adherence scores between HF and EF (p > .991). For preference, the descriptive statistics showed that out of 19 participants, nine preferred a HF, seven chose an EF, three preferred CON, and no one picked an IF. In experiment two, a significant main effect for jump height was also observed [F(3,45) = 7.38, p =004, ηp2 = .33]. HF and EF jumped significantly higher than CON (p = .035; p = .033). Some slight evidence of a difference in mean vertical jump height were observed between IF and HF (p = .149), IF and EF (p = .159) although it did not meet our significance criteria. No evidence of a difference was observed in jump height between HF and EF (p = .883), or CON and IF (p = .782). In addition, there was no evidence of a difference observed in mean and peak force, peak power, impulse, velocity, and flexion of the knee and hip (p's > .15). For adherence, the Friedman's test revealed a slight evidence of a difference in adherence scores between conditions [χ2 (2) = 4.41, p = .110] although it did not meet our significance criteria. For preference, out of 16 participants, nine preferred a HF, seven preferred an EF, three preferred a control, and no one preferred an IF. Conclusion: The results of two experiments support previous research with the benefits of a HF and EF among various populations (Becker et al., 2019; Wulf & Dufek, 2009; Zhuravleva & Aiken, 2023). However, the benefits of HF and EF cannot be attributed to the kinetic or kinematic changes, therefore more research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanics of HF. In conclusion, HF and EF focus can be utilized by practitioners (i.e., coaches and athletes) during vertical jump to enhance performance.
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650 4 $a Kinesiology. $3 517627
650 4 $a Biomedical engineering. $3 535387
650 4 $a Biostatistics. $3 1002712
650 4 $a Bioinformatics. $3 553671
653 $a Attentional focus
653 $a Holistic focus
653 $a Kinematic changes
653 $a Vertical jump
653 $a Electromyographic outcomes
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710 2 $a New Mexico State University. $b Kinesiology and Dance. $e degree granting institution. $3 3823324
720 1 $a Aiken, Christopher $e degree supervisor.
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790 $a 0143
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2023
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