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Powering a Greener Future: Supply an...

Sreedhara, Sindhu,

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Powering a Greener Future: Supply and Demand Side Decarbonization of the Indian Electric Grid /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Powering a Greener Future: Supply and Demand Side Decarbonization of the Indian Electric Grid // Sindhu Sreedhara.
Author:	Sreedhara, Sindhu,
Description:	1 electronic resource (176 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-05B.
Subject:	Communication. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31652049
ISBN:	9798346390183

Powering a Greener Future: Supply and Demand Side Decarbonization of the Indian Electric Grid /
Sreedhara, Sindhu,

Powering a Greener Future: Supply and Demand Side Decarbonization of the Indian Electric Grid /Sindhu Sreedhara. - 1 electronic resource (176 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.

Climate change has become one of the defining global issues of our time and nations around the world have set targets to reduce their emissions to curb its effects. One important pathway to achieve these targets is decarbonization of the electricity sector. This involves increasing our reliance on renewable energy such as solar and wind. However, low carbon renewable energy sources like these tend to provide an intermittent supply of electricity which the electric grid was not designed to handle, and which may not align with demand patterns. As the share of renewable energy sources increases, novel technologies and strategies will be required to ensure that supply and demand of electricity are always balanced. Demand response, or the shifting of demand in response to electricity price or other signals, is one such resource.In the first study, we perform a case study of demand response in California. California has set ambitious climate goals and promotes demand response as part of the pathway towards an environmentally sustainable electric grid. It has one of the highest quantities of enrolled demand response in the country thus lending itself as an ideal case study on the subject. Demand response can provide energy, capacity and ancillary services but there are barriers associated with each of these business opportunities. In this context, we propose a barrier-solution framework in which we list the set of barriers a demand response business can encounter. The barriers are related to existence of markets, profitability and accessibility of markets to demand response products. We present the minimum set of barriers from this framework which must be solved for a business to be viable. We then discuss the drivers of demand response -- federal and state policies, financial enablers, and technological enablers -- and assess them with respect to the barrier-solution framework, noting the barriers addressed by each driver. Following this, we utilize interviews with demand response providers to propose two business models for demand response -- residential aggregation and commercial aggregation -- based on the type of customer demand being aggregated. We note features of these models as well as the barriers they overcome. We verify that these business models, in addition to the drivers of demand response, overcome the minimum set of barriers. We end with a discussion on the policy challenges to demand response in California and the policy implications from the case study to introducing demand response into new markets such as India.In the second study, we assess the demand response potential from the agricultural sector in Maharashtra, a state in India. Agricultural electricity consumption in Maharashtra constitutes a fifth of overall power demand in the state. Most of the electricity demand by the agricultural sector goes towards groundwater pumping. This is a flexible load since pumping is not time sensitive. Therefore, we can shift some or all of this load so that it coincides with solar generation. We define the solar-aligned demand response as the quantity of agricultural load that can be shifted to coincide with solar generation. The benefits of such a shift are three-fold: utilizing excess daytime solar generation, reducing dependence on fossil fuel generation and decreasing the cost of powering agricultural pumps.

English

ISBN: 9798346390183Subjects--Topical Terms:

524709
Communication.

Powering a Greener Future: Supply and Demand Side Decarbonization of the Indian Electric Grid /
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520 $a Climate change has become one of the defining global issues of our time and nations around the world have set targets to reduce their emissions to curb its effects. One important pathway to achieve these targets is decarbonization of the electricity sector. This involves increasing our reliance on renewable energy such as solar and wind. However, low carbon renewable energy sources like these tend to provide an intermittent supply of electricity which the electric grid was not designed to handle, and which may not align with demand patterns. As the share of renewable energy sources increases, novel technologies and strategies will be required to ensure that supply and demand of electricity are always balanced. Demand response, or the shifting of demand in response to electricity price or other signals, is one such resource.In the first study, we perform a case study of demand response in California. California has set ambitious climate goals and promotes demand response as part of the pathway towards an environmentally sustainable electric grid. It has one of the highest quantities of enrolled demand response in the country thus lending itself as an ideal case study on the subject. Demand response can provide energy, capacity and ancillary services but there are barriers associated with each of these business opportunities. In this context, we propose a barrier-solution framework in which we list the set of barriers a demand response business can encounter. The barriers are related to existence of markets, profitability and accessibility of markets to demand response products. We present the minimum set of barriers from this framework which must be solved for a business to be viable. We then discuss the drivers of demand response -- federal and state policies, financial enablers, and technological enablers -- and assess them with respect to the barrier-solution framework, noting the barriers addressed by each driver. Following this, we utilize interviews with demand response providers to propose two business models for demand response -- residential aggregation and commercial aggregation -- based on the type of customer demand being aggregated. We note features of these models as well as the barriers they overcome. We verify that these business models, in addition to the drivers of demand response, overcome the minimum set of barriers. We end with a discussion on the policy challenges to demand response in California and the policy implications from the case study to introducing demand response into new markets such as India.In the second study, we assess the demand response potential from the agricultural sector in Maharashtra, a state in India. Agricultural electricity consumption in Maharashtra constitutes a fifth of overall power demand in the state. Most of the electricity demand by the agricultural sector goes towards groundwater pumping. This is a flexible load since pumping is not time sensitive. Therefore, we can shift some or all of this load so that it coincides with solar generation. We define the solar-aligned demand response as the quantity of agricultural load that can be shifted to coincide with solar generation. The benefits of such a shift are three-fold: utilizing excess daytime solar generation, reducing dependence on fossil fuel generation and decreasing the cost of powering agricultural pumps.
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