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Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithi...

Rose, Justin Andrew,

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Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes // Justin Andrew Rose.
Author:	Rose, Justin Andrew,
Description:	1 electronic resource (107 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-05A.
Subject:	Tomography. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31643422
ISBN:	9798346385622

Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes /
Rose, Justin Andrew,

Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes /Justin Andrew Rose. - 1 electronic resource (107 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.

Deposition of metallic lithium on the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries is a key degradation mode. Widely seen as a critical barrier to fast charging, this process must be understood to encourage widespread adoption of electric vehicles. It is associated with an array of detrimental effects on cell performance, including loss of lithium, loss of active material, and increased resistance, in addition to the safety hazards that cause battery fires and product recalls. To improve understanding and thereby offer improvements to battery performance, this thesis aims to study plating-induced degradation through the lens of intentional overcharge, enabling controlled experiments that are lacking in the literature. By dictating the conditions of lithium deposition, we are able to conduct experiments across a wide variety of length scales, creating a holistic view of the process and its effects on cell performance.First, in Chapter 1, a comprehensive overview of lithium plating is presented. The importance of plating to battery technology is highlighted, followed by a discussion of the conditions that lead to its occurrence. Later, the degradation modes linked to lithium plating are reviewed, and the evidence for its supposed effects are presented. While the effect of plating on cyclable lithium capacity is well understood, the evidence for other forms of degradation is lacking, and largely rely on experiments that convolute plating effects with other modes of fast charge degradation.In Chapter 2, we develop a specialized cell design and cycling protocol, enabling systematic study expected forms of plating-induced degradation. While we find that metal deposition does lead to high rates of lithium loss across most conditions, it can be surprisingly efficient with the right set of parameters. Furthermore, and most surprisingly, we see no evidence of plating-driven loss of active material or resistance rise, suggesting that the importance of these have been overstated in the literature. Instead, it is likely possible for a cell to survive isolated plating events without substantial degradation. The commonly postulated positive feedback loop, wherein small amounts of plating lead to inevitable future plating, appears to be inactive, at least in early stages of degradation.While electrochemical tests demonstrate that plating-driven degradation is less severe than expected at the cell scale, Chapter 3 examines the origins of this behavior through microscale morphology characterization. As a holistic picture of the deposition process cannot be achieved with top-down imaging alone, we employ cryo-microtomy to generate electrode cross-sections, enabling high-throughput characterization across the electrode depth. We show that lithium cyclability is largely based on its deposition morphology. Additionally, we find the surprising result that lithium plating does not occur in the pores of the graphite electrode, explaining its lack of influence on active material loss and resistance rise.Lastly, in Chapter 4 we conductnanoscale, operando characterization of the plating process with the use of atomic force microscopy. We first develop a graphite nanoplatelet model system for this purpose, though its strengths extend far beyond applications of this kind. Unexpectedly, it is found that lithium preferentially deposits beneath the surface of graphite particles, raising questions about the mechanism of deposition.

English

ISBN: 9798346385622Subjects--Topical Terms:

836553
Tomography.

Plating-Induced Degradation of Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes /
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500 $a Advisors: Chueh, William Committee members: Qin, Jian; Weker, Johanna; Bent, Stacey F.
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520 $a Deposition of metallic lithium on the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries is a key degradation mode. Widely seen as a critical barrier to fast charging, this process must be understood to encourage widespread adoption of electric vehicles. It is associated with an array of detrimental effects on cell performance, including loss of lithium, loss of active material, and increased resistance, in addition to the safety hazards that cause battery fires and product recalls. To improve understanding and thereby offer improvements to battery performance, this thesis aims to study plating-induced degradation through the lens of intentional overcharge, enabling controlled experiments that are lacking in the literature. By dictating the conditions of lithium deposition, we are able to conduct experiments across a wide variety of length scales, creating a holistic view of the process and its effects on cell performance.First, in Chapter 1, a comprehensive overview of lithium plating is presented. The importance of plating to battery technology is highlighted, followed by a discussion of the conditions that lead to its occurrence. Later, the degradation modes linked to lithium plating are reviewed, and the evidence for its supposed effects are presented. While the effect of plating on cyclable lithium capacity is well understood, the evidence for other forms of degradation is lacking, and largely rely on experiments that convolute plating effects with other modes of fast charge degradation.In Chapter 2, we develop a specialized cell design and cycling protocol, enabling systematic study expected forms of plating-induced degradation. While we find that metal deposition does lead to high rates of lithium loss across most conditions, it can be surprisingly efficient with the right set of parameters. Furthermore, and most surprisingly, we see no evidence of plating-driven loss of active material or resistance rise, suggesting that the importance of these have been overstated in the literature. Instead, it is likely possible for a cell to survive isolated plating events without substantial degradation. The commonly postulated positive feedback loop, wherein small amounts of plating lead to inevitable future plating, appears to be inactive, at least in early stages of degradation.While electrochemical tests demonstrate that plating-driven degradation is less severe than expected at the cell scale, Chapter 3 examines the origins of this behavior through microscale morphology characterization. As a holistic picture of the deposition process cannot be achieved with top-down imaging alone, we employ cryo-microtomy to generate electrode cross-sections, enabling high-throughput characterization across the electrode depth. We show that lithium cyclability is largely based on its deposition morphology. Additionally, we find the surprising result that lithium plating does not occur in the pores of the graphite electrode, explaining its lack of influence on active material loss and resistance rise.Lastly, in Chapter 4 we conductnanoscale, operando characterization of the plating process with the use of atomic force microscopy. We first develop a graphite nanoplatelet model system for this purpose, though its strengths extend far beyond applications of this kind. Unexpectedly, it is found that lithium preferentially deposits beneath the surface of graphite particles, raising questions about the mechanism of deposition.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0212
650 4 $a Tomography. $3 836553
650 4 $a Electrolytes. $3 656992
650 4 $a Graphite. $3 651851
650 4 $a Electrodes. $3 629151
650 4 $a Alternative energy. $3 3436775
650 4 $a Electric vehicles. $3 1613392
650 4 $a Microscopy. $3 540544
650 4 $a Plating. $3 1457952
650 4 $a Causality. $3 770986
650 4 $a Energy transition. $3 3505545
650 4 $a Lithium. $3 1638490
650 4 $a Medical imaging. $3 3172799
650 4 $a Transportation. $3 555912
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710 2 $a Stanford University. $e degree granting institution. $3 3765820
720 1 $a Chueh, William $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-05A.
790 $a 0212
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2024
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31643422