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Morphological Integration and the Ev...

Spear, Jeffrey Kimball,

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Morphological Integration and the Evolution of Suspensory Adaptations in Primates /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Morphological Integration and the Evolution of Suspensory Adaptations in Primates // Jeffrey Kimball Spear.
Author:	Spear, Jeffrey Kimball,
Description:	1 electronic resource (415 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-08, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-08B.
Subject:	Morphology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30526169
ISBN:	9798381741995

Morphological Integration and the Evolution of Suspensory Adaptations in Primates /
Spear, Jeffrey Kimball,

Morphological Integration and the Evolution of Suspensory Adaptations in Primates /Jeffrey Kimball Spear. - 1 electronic resource (415 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-08, Section: B.

Among Primates, forelimb suspension appears to have evolved in only a handful of clades, but within a majority of those clades it likely evolved multiple times. The question of parallel evolution of suspension is particularly pressing in the study of hominoid evolution because it has implications for the evolutionary history of human ancestors. Further, if these morphologies evolved repeatedly, it begs the questions both of why this form of locomotion is rare in other primates and not all extant apes are predominantly suspensory. One possibility is that developmental processes may predispose apes toward evolving suspensory adaptations, or at least facilitate their evolution. To test this hypothesis, I collected data on the limbs of approximately 1500 individual primates representing over 70 extant genera in all extant families. I analyzed the association between different forelimb measurements and locomotion in a phylogenetic comparative framework. In a subset of these taxa for which my sample size was large enough, I studied integration, autonomy, and evolvability. Results of the phylogenetic comparative analysis show that likely adaptations to suspensory locomotion are expressed in a mosaic fashion, even in extant taxa. With regard to integration, results agree with previous work showing that, in limb element lengths, integration is lower and autonomy is higher in hominoids than in cercopithecoids. It is generally assumed that cercopithecoids retained the ancestral condition, but the polarity of these differences is unclear based on the results of this study. If cercopithecoids do represent the ancestral condition, then atelids appear to have converged on the hominoid condition. When looking at integration in a larger set of forelimb traits related to locomotion, apes are more evolvable but do not have higher autonomy than do monkeys. Importantly, apes lack a signature of having evolved along lines of least evolutionary resistance, indicating that developmental shortcuts cannot explain possible parallel evolution in this group.

English

ISBN: 9798381741995Subjects--Topical Terms:

591167
Morphology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Forelimbs

Morphological Integration and the Evolution of Suspensory Adaptations in Primates /
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520 $a Among Primates, forelimb suspension appears to have evolved in only a handful of clades, but within a majority of those clades it likely evolved multiple times. The question of parallel evolution of suspension is particularly pressing in the study of hominoid evolution because it has implications for the evolutionary history of human ancestors. Further, if these morphologies evolved repeatedly, it begs the questions both of why this form of locomotion is rare in other primates and not all extant apes are predominantly suspensory. One possibility is that developmental processes may predispose apes toward evolving suspensory adaptations, or at least facilitate their evolution. To test this hypothesis, I collected data on the limbs of approximately 1500 individual primates representing over 70 extant genera in all extant families. I analyzed the association between different forelimb measurements and locomotion in a phylogenetic comparative framework. In a subset of these taxa for which my sample size was large enough, I studied integration, autonomy, and evolvability. Results of the phylogenetic comparative analysis show that likely adaptations to suspensory locomotion are expressed in a mosaic fashion, even in extant taxa. With regard to integration, results agree with previous work showing that, in limb element lengths, integration is lower and autonomy is higher in hominoids than in cercopithecoids. It is generally assumed that cercopithecoids retained the ancestral condition, but the polarity of these differences is unclear based on the results of this study. If cercopithecoids do represent the ancestral condition, then atelids appear to have converged on the hominoid condition. When looking at integration in a larger set of forelimb traits related to locomotion, apes are more evolvable but do not have higher autonomy than do monkeys. Importantly, apes lack a signature of having evolved along lines of least evolutionary resistance, indicating that developmental shortcuts cannot explain possible parallel evolution in this group.
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650 4 $a Evolution & development. $3 3172418
650 4 $a Conservation biology. $3 535736
650 4 $a Developmental biology. $3 592588
653 $a Forelimbs
653 $a Hominoid evolution
653 $a Morphological integration
653 $a Primates
653 $a Suspensory locomotion
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