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Perskaudas, Rokas,

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Mindfulness, Savoring, and Psychological Functioning Among Emerging Adults in College /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Mindfulness, Savoring, and Psychological Functioning Among Emerging Adults in College // Rokas Perskaudas.
Author:	Perskaudas, Rokas,
Description:	1 electronic resource (205 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-12B.
Subject:	Clinical psychology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29167262
ISBN:	9798802741481

Mindfulness, Savoring, and Psychological Functioning Among Emerging Adults in College /
Perskaudas, Rokas,

Mindfulness, Savoring, and Psychological Functioning Among Emerging Adults in College /Rokas Perskaudas. - 1 electronic resource (205 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.

Mindfulness as an open, accepting present moment awareness is a millennia-old concept and practice that was more recently adapted in Western cultures to great benefit for many aspects of human functioning. The proliferation of mindfulness research has highlighted discrepancies regarding defining mindfulness and elucidating the mechanisms by which it achieves or supports beneficial outcomes. Modern formalized and empirically supported theories of mindfulness conceptualization and mechanisms include the Monitor and Accept Theory (MAT; Lindsay & Creswell, 2017) and the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory (MMT; Garland, Farb, et al., 2015b). There is also a range of overlapping theories for specific mechanistic pathways such as decentering, nonreactivity, nonjudgment, with little-to-no concrete theories as of yet for nonattachment and novel constructs (e.g., equanimity, nondual awareness), though they are likely to be influential. An integrative model is therefore proposed to help guide understanding of and research in mindfulness, which features savoring as an integral mid-level construct and process. The present study was an empirical test of a proposed pathway in the model that hypothesizes savoring, which is defined as attending to, appreciating, and enhancing positive experiences, to be the main mediator of mindfulness effects on adaptive psychological functioning. Emerging adults (N = 751) at a private mid-Atlantic university accessed a survey on facets of psychological functioning from Fall 2016 until Fall 2019, with a total of 414 students ultimately providing enough data on dispositional measures of mindfulness (awareness and acceptance), savoring (reminiscing, savoring the moment, and anticipating), adaptive psychological functioning (gratitude, happiness, and life satisfaction), maladaptive psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress), and related demographics (e.g., meditation/mindfulness experience) to be included in analyses. Composite-level associations (i.e., correlations between sum or mean scores) supported hypotheses that savoring would be related to higher adaptive and lower maladaptive functioning. The associations between mindfulness and functioning, however, were more mixed dependent on whether examining awareness or acceptance. Mindfulness and meditation experience at the composite level indicated that relatively frequent practitioners (n = 68) were significantly more mindfully aware, anxious, and potentially stressed than non-frequent practitioners and those without any experience. Each construct was then modeled latently to account for measurement error in self-reports, using an empirically guided approach, before testing main mediation and moderation hypotheses in fully latent models. In support of MMT, these analyses revealed that momentary savoring fully mediated the effects of awareness on a positive disposition (e.g., grateful and happy), which in turn fully mediated the positive effects of awareness on maladaptive functioning and life satisfaction. Although the inclusion of acceptance into the model appeared to anecdotally moderate awareness in accordance with MAT, formal tests for moderation were not significant. Strengths and limitations of the study are discussed along with the proximal and distal implications for emerging adults, some broader implications for mechanistic mindfulness research, and pertinent future directions.

English

ISBN: 9798802741481Subjects--Topical Terms:

524863
Clinical psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Emerging adulthood

Mindfulness, Savoring, and Psychological Functioning Among Emerging Adults in College /
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520 $a Mindfulness as an open, accepting present moment awareness is a millennia-old concept and practice that was more recently adapted in Western cultures to great benefit for many aspects of human functioning. The proliferation of mindfulness research has highlighted discrepancies regarding defining mindfulness and elucidating the mechanisms by which it achieves or supports beneficial outcomes. Modern formalized and empirically supported theories of mindfulness conceptualization and mechanisms include the Monitor and Accept Theory (MAT; Lindsay & Creswell, 2017) and the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory (MMT; Garland, Farb, et al., 2015b). There is also a range of overlapping theories for specific mechanistic pathways such as decentering, nonreactivity, nonjudgment, with little-to-no concrete theories as of yet for nonattachment and novel constructs (e.g., equanimity, nondual awareness), though they are likely to be influential. An integrative model is therefore proposed to help guide understanding of and research in mindfulness, which features savoring as an integral mid-level construct and process. The present study was an empirical test of a proposed pathway in the model that hypothesizes savoring, which is defined as attending to, appreciating, and enhancing positive experiences, to be the main mediator of mindfulness effects on adaptive psychological functioning. Emerging adults (N = 751) at a private mid-Atlantic university accessed a survey on facets of psychological functioning from Fall 2016 until Fall 2019, with a total of 414 students ultimately providing enough data on dispositional measures of mindfulness (awareness and acceptance), savoring (reminiscing, savoring the moment, and anticipating), adaptive psychological functioning (gratitude, happiness, and life satisfaction), maladaptive psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress), and related demographics (e.g., meditation/mindfulness experience) to be included in analyses. Composite-level associations (i.e., correlations between sum or mean scores) supported hypotheses that savoring would be related to higher adaptive and lower maladaptive functioning. The associations between mindfulness and functioning, however, were more mixed dependent on whether examining awareness or acceptance. Mindfulness and meditation experience at the composite level indicated that relatively frequent practitioners (n = 68) were significantly more mindfully aware, anxious, and potentially stressed than non-frequent practitioners and those without any experience. Each construct was then modeled latently to account for measurement error in self-reports, using an empirically guided approach, before testing main mediation and moderation hypotheses in fully latent models. In support of MMT, these analyses revealed that momentary savoring fully mediated the effects of awareness on a positive disposition (e.g., grateful and happy), which in turn fully mediated the positive effects of awareness on maladaptive functioning and life satisfaction. Although the inclusion of acceptance into the model appeared to anecdotally moderate awareness in accordance with MAT, formal tests for moderation were not significant. Strengths and limitations of the study are discussed along with the proximal and distal implications for emerging adults, some broader implications for mechanistic mindfulness research, and pertinent future directions.
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