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Land Cover Change Mapping in Eurasian Grasslands: Applications for Land Use, Vegetation Restoration, Waterfowl Conservation, and Fire Monitoring /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Land Cover Change Mapping in Eurasian Grasslands: Applications for Land Use, Vegetation Restoration, Waterfowl Conservation, and Fire Monitoring // Natalia Rogova.
Author:	Rogova, Natalia,
Description:	1 electronic resource (189 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-06B.
Subject:	Wildlife conservation. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31767715
ISBN:	9798346874379

Land Cover Change Mapping in Eurasian Grasslands: Applications for Land Use, Vegetation Restoration, Waterfowl Conservation, and Fire Monitoring /
Rogova, Natalia,

Land Cover Change Mapping in Eurasian Grasslands: Applications for Land Use, Vegetation Restoration, Waterfowl Conservation, and Fire Monitoring /Natalia Rogova. - 1 electronic resource (189 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.

Agricultural development can lead to landscape degradation and the loss of biodiversity and ecological services. However, arable lands can also provide rich food for animals but only where other landscape features support wildlife. Interactions between nature and agriculture create complex landscapes, and understanding ecological process in such landscapes is crucial for biodiversity conservation and sustainable land management. Eurasian grasslands are a good example of a highly diverse semi-natural environment, which contains unique biodiversity and provides key habitat for migratory birds. After widespread agricultural development (1950-1970s), the area experienced rapid abandonment in the 1990s due to post-Soviet socio-economical changes. This created an opportunity for landscape rewilding but also increased wildfires and the spread of aggressive plant species. Remote sensing is the main data source on environmental changes. The large and freely accessible Landsat and MODIS image archives make it possible to generate customized maps of critical features for biodiversity, explain and predict land cover changes, and model the presence of different species in dynamic environments. Doing so, however, requires methodological advances, especially when studying short-term events with limited satellite coverage. My main goal was to advance grassland ecology, landscape dynamics, and avian migration studies by developing new remote sensing methods focused on land use changes and related ecological processes. I studied agricultural abandonment in Eurasian grasslands, its potential for rewilding, and the role of agricultural and natural landscapes for waterfowl migrations. I developed new approaches to map ephemeral environmental conditions and detect fires in years with limited availability of satellite images.I used the entire Landsat archive to analyze long-term land use changes in the rain-fed agricultural area of Kazakhstan. I mapped the cropland extent before the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent abandonment/recultivation. Based on field data collected in the 1950s, I assessed the level of transformation in different vegetation communities and rewilding potential of permanent abandonment. By adding MODIS data, I developed land cover maps representing short-term environmental conditions during spring and fall waterfowl migrations. With these seasonal maps I studied distribution of waterfowl in natural and agricultural landscapes. I found an unprecedentedly high abandonment rate throughout the rain-fed agricultural area of Kazakhstan (50% of cropland area). However, almost all abandonment occurred in areas with unfavorable environmental conditions, and therefore has limited potential for biodiversity restoration, while stable agriculture that replaced the most biodiversity-rich grasslands provides critical stopover habitats for migratory waterfowl. For fire mapping, I tested if images from the year after a given fire season can detect grassland fires. I utilized long-term wildfires effects on land surface reflectance and compared my results with other burned area mapping approaches relying on the spectral response of ash immediately after a fire. I found that burned areas can be accurately mapped using subsequent-year images in cases when the availability of Landsat is limited. In sum, my work provided a novel study of grassland ecology focused on environmental changes to demonstrate their interrelations and diverse ecological impact, from soils and plant communities to migratory birds. The here proposed methodological solutions are crucial for better understanding ecological processes, and suggest ways in which this new insight could be applied in various fields of science, wildlife management, and nature conservation.

English

ISBN: 9798346874379Subjects--Topical Terms:

542165
Wildlife conservation.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Avian migration

Land Cover Change Mapping in Eurasian Grasslands: Applications for Land Use, Vegetation Restoration, Waterfowl Conservation, and Fire Monitoring /
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520 $a Agricultural development can lead to landscape degradation and the loss of biodiversity and ecological services. However, arable lands can also provide rich food for animals but only where other landscape features support wildlife. Interactions between nature and agriculture create complex landscapes, and understanding ecological process in such landscapes is crucial for biodiversity conservation and sustainable land management. Eurasian grasslands are a good example of a highly diverse semi-natural environment, which contains unique biodiversity and provides key habitat for migratory birds. After widespread agricultural development (1950-1970s), the area experienced rapid abandonment in the 1990s due to post-Soviet socio-economical changes. This created an opportunity for landscape rewilding but also increased wildfires and the spread of aggressive plant species. Remote sensing is the main data source on environmental changes. The large and freely accessible Landsat and MODIS image archives make it possible to generate customized maps of critical features for biodiversity, explain and predict land cover changes, and model the presence of different species in dynamic environments. Doing so, however, requires methodological advances, especially when studying short-term events with limited satellite coverage. My main goal was to advance grassland ecology, landscape dynamics, and avian migration studies by developing new remote sensing methods focused on land use changes and related ecological processes. I studied agricultural abandonment in Eurasian grasslands, its potential for rewilding, and the role of agricultural and natural landscapes for waterfowl migrations. I developed new approaches to map ephemeral environmental conditions and detect fires in years with limited availability of satellite images.I used the entire Landsat archive to analyze long-term land use changes in the rain-fed agricultural area of Kazakhstan. I mapped the cropland extent before the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent abandonment/recultivation. Based on field data collected in the 1950s, I assessed the level of transformation in different vegetation communities and rewilding potential of permanent abandonment. By adding MODIS data, I developed land cover maps representing short-term environmental conditions during spring and fall waterfowl migrations. With these seasonal maps I studied distribution of waterfowl in natural and agricultural landscapes. I found an unprecedentedly high abandonment rate throughout the rain-fed agricultural area of Kazakhstan (50% of cropland area). However, almost all abandonment occurred in areas with unfavorable environmental conditions, and therefore has limited potential for biodiversity restoration, while stable agriculture that replaced the most biodiversity-rich grasslands provides critical stopover habitats for migratory waterfowl. For fire mapping, I tested if images from the year after a given fire season can detect grassland fires. I utilized long-term wildfires effects on land surface reflectance and compared my results with other burned area mapping approaches relying on the spectral response of ash immediately after a fire. I found that burned areas can be accurately mapped using subsequent-year images in cases when the availability of Landsat is limited. In sum, my work provided a novel study of grassland ecology focused on environmental changes to demonstrate their interrelations and diverse ecological impact, from soils and plant communities to migratory birds. The here proposed methodological solutions are crucial for better understanding ecological processes, and suggest ways in which this new insight could be applied in various fields of science, wildlife management, and nature conservation.
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