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Contribution of Contextual Factors a...

Nelson, Monica E.,

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Contribution of Contextual Factors and Neuropathology to Dementia /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Contribution of Contextual Factors and Neuropathology to Dementia // Monica E Nelson.
Author:	Nelson, Monica E.,
Description:	1 electronic resource (179 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12B.
Subject:	Aging. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30526913
ISBN:	9798379713683

Contribution of Contextual Factors and Neuropathology to Dementia /
Nelson, Monica E.,

Contribution of Contextual Factors and Neuropathology to Dementia /Monica E Nelson. - 1 electronic resource (179 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has extensive biological heterogeneity. It is not clear the extent to which this heterogeneity may be detected in participants without dementia, how it relates to incident AD dementia, and whether contextual factors may change how neuropathology relates to incident AD dementia. Therefore, this dissertation was completed using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; n = 1,703) and the Czech Brain Aging Study (CBAS; n = 385) to address the following aims: to assess biological heterogeneity in participants without dementia, to relate this heterogeneity to incident AD dementia, and to determine whether contextual factors modify the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia.First, we identified latent subgroups of neuropathology analyzed using latent profile analysis and measured via structural magnetic resonance imaging and described differences between profiles in sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, and contextual factors. Four profiles emerged in ADNI, and two profiles emerged in CBAS with significant differences in nearly all volumetric regions. Differences emerged in magnitude rather than pattern of atrophy. Participants belonging to profiles with less severe atrophy were younger, more likely to have normal objective cognition, and less likely to progress to AD dementia compared to participants belonging to profiles with more severe atrophy.Next, we related the neuropathology profiles and contextual factors to incident AD dementia and assessed whether contextual factors modified the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia using survival analysis. Participants belonging to profiles with greater atrophy had a higher risk of incident AD dementia compared to participants belonging to profiles with less severe atrophy, contextual factors were related to a reduced risk of incident AD dementia, and contextual factors modified the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia on the multiplicative (CBAS) and additive (ADNI and CBAS) scales.Contrary to past work, we identified biological heterogeneity based on magnitude instead of the distribution of atrophy in different brain regions. Evidence for resilience, or an attenuating effect of contextual factors on the atrophy-incident AD dementia relationship, was found on the multiplicative (CBAS) and additive (ADNI and CBAS) scales. Results suggest that although more severe atrophy relates to incident AD dementia risk, contextual factors can reduce this association. Future research should aim to uncover the mechanisms underlying the moderating role of contextual factors on the atrophy-incident AD dementia association.

English

ISBN: 9798379713683Subjects--Topical Terms:

543123
Aging.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Alzheimer's disease

Contribution of Contextual Factors and Neuropathology to Dementia /
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520 $a Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has extensive biological heterogeneity. It is not clear the extent to which this heterogeneity may be detected in participants without dementia, how it relates to incident AD dementia, and whether contextual factors may change how neuropathology relates to incident AD dementia. Therefore, this dissertation was completed using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; n = 1,703) and the Czech Brain Aging Study (CBAS; n = 385) to address the following aims: to assess biological heterogeneity in participants without dementia, to relate this heterogeneity to incident AD dementia, and to determine whether contextual factors modify the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia.First, we identified latent subgroups of neuropathology analyzed using latent profile analysis and measured via structural magnetic resonance imaging and described differences between profiles in sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, and contextual factors. Four profiles emerged in ADNI, and two profiles emerged in CBAS with significant differences in nearly all volumetric regions. Differences emerged in magnitude rather than pattern of atrophy. Participants belonging to profiles with less severe atrophy were younger, more likely to have normal objective cognition, and less likely to progress to AD dementia compared to participants belonging to profiles with more severe atrophy.Next, we related the neuropathology profiles and contextual factors to incident AD dementia and assessed whether contextual factors modified the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia using survival analysis. Participants belonging to profiles with greater atrophy had a higher risk of incident AD dementia compared to participants belonging to profiles with less severe atrophy, contextual factors were related to a reduced risk of incident AD dementia, and contextual factors modified the association between neuropathology profiles and incident AD dementia on the multiplicative (CBAS) and additive (ADNI and CBAS) scales.Contrary to past work, we identified biological heterogeneity based on magnitude instead of the distribution of atrophy in different brain regions. Evidence for resilience, or an attenuating effect of contextual factors on the atrophy-incident AD dementia relationship, was found on the multiplicative (CBAS) and additive (ADNI and CBAS) scales. Results suggest that although more severe atrophy relates to incident AD dementia risk, contextual factors can reduce this association. Future research should aim to uncover the mechanisms underlying the moderating role of contextual factors on the atrophy-incident AD dementia association.
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650 4 $a Gerontology. $3 533633
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650 4 $a Medical imaging. $3 3172799
653 $a Alzheimer's disease
653 $a Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
653 $a Latent profile analysis
653 $a Magnetic resonance imaging
653 $a Resistance and resilience framework
653 $a Survival analysis
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