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The Economic Disadvantages of Asian ...

Wang, Bohui,

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The Economic Disadvantages of Asian Immigrants: Credentialism or Disparities in Human Capital? /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Economic Disadvantages of Asian Immigrants: Credentialism or Disparities in Human Capital? // Bohui Wang.
Author:	Wang, Bohui,
Description:	1 electronic resource (166 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-11A.
Subject:	Asian American studies. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31234603
ISBN:	9798382755090

The Economic Disadvantages of Asian Immigrants: Credentialism or Disparities in Human Capital? /
Wang, Bohui,

The Economic Disadvantages of Asian Immigrants: Credentialism or Disparities in Human Capital? /Bohui Wang. - 1 electronic resource (166 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: A.

This dissertation examines whether a degree earned abroad is less valuable for Asian immigrants in the U.S. labor market than for White immigrants, and, if so, the reasons for such disparities. Many studies have documented the existence of a foreign education penalty. However, the underlying mechanisms for the lower returns to foreign education are still being determined. Building on the demographic heterogeneity framework, this study aims to advance our understanding of immigrants' experience in the labor market by investigating whether the lower earnings returns for Asian immigrants with foreign education stem from lower educational quality/transferability, as suggested by the human capital approach, or from biased practices in the labor market, as proposed by credentialism. Methodologically, this study will compare the earnings outcomes of Asian immigrants to those of U.S. born Whites as well as foreign-educated white immigrants. Using ACS data from 2015-2019 on White and Asian workers aged 25-64 with bachelor's degrees or higher, I analyze the impact of STEM majors and the English-speaking proficiency of the sending country to explore the effect of human capital transferability. Then, I examine the effect of a country's GDP per capita and the rates of tertiary education to capture the effect of educational quality. To access credentialism, I compare the earnings differences for Asian immigrants who earn degrees in regions more culturally or historically similar to the U.S. to those degrees earned in other regions. Then, I examine the residual earnings difference between foreign-educated White and Asian immigrants to access queuing theory. Finally, I separate the study population into subsamples of men and women to investigate whether Asian immigrants' labor market disadvantages are contingent on gender.Chapter 2 to 5 can be read as a stand-alone study that uses nationally representative survey data to study the aspects listed above. Results from these analyses show that the earnings disadvantage of Asian immigrants educated in foreign countries is largely due to the limited transferability of their human capital in the U.S. labor market rather than to credentialism. Returns to foreign education are higher for immigrants with STEM degrees or from countries where English is an official language. In addition to the human capital transferability, this study also shows that White immigrants seem to have an advantage over Asian immigrants if they were educated in places with longer linguistic and cultural differences compared to the United States. In addition, my findings support the explanation that female immigrants' varied family experiences and migration paths are different from their male counterparts, thus leading to their notable disadvantages in the labor markets. The results indicate establishing clear and transparent processes for recognizing foreign academic and professional credentials is a critical way to alleviate the lower returns to Asian immigrants' foreign credentials.

English

ISBN: 9798382755090Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122841
Asian American studies.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Asian Americans

The Economic Disadvantages of Asian Immigrants: Credentialism or Disparities in Human Capital? /
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520 $a This dissertation examines whether a degree earned abroad is less valuable for Asian immigrants in the U.S. labor market than for White immigrants, and, if so, the reasons for such disparities. Many studies have documented the existence of a foreign education penalty. However, the underlying mechanisms for the lower returns to foreign education are still being determined. Building on the demographic heterogeneity framework, this study aims to advance our understanding of immigrants' experience in the labor market by investigating whether the lower earnings returns for Asian immigrants with foreign education stem from lower educational quality/transferability, as suggested by the human capital approach, or from biased practices in the labor market, as proposed by credentialism. Methodologically, this study will compare the earnings outcomes of Asian immigrants to those of U.S. born Whites as well as foreign-educated white immigrants. Using ACS data from 2015-2019 on White and Asian workers aged 25-64 with bachelor's degrees or higher, I analyze the impact of STEM majors and the English-speaking proficiency of the sending country to explore the effect of human capital transferability. Then, I examine the effect of a country's GDP per capita and the rates of tertiary education to capture the effect of educational quality. To access credentialism, I compare the earnings differences for Asian immigrants who earn degrees in regions more culturally or historically similar to the U.S. to those degrees earned in other regions. Then, I examine the residual earnings difference between foreign-educated White and Asian immigrants to access queuing theory. Finally, I separate the study population into subsamples of men and women to investigate whether Asian immigrants' labor market disadvantages are contingent on gender.Chapter 2 to 5 can be read as a stand-alone study that uses nationally representative survey data to study the aspects listed above. Results from these analyses show that the earnings disadvantage of Asian immigrants educated in foreign countries is largely due to the limited transferability of their human capital in the U.S. labor market rather than to credentialism. Returns to foreign education are higher for immigrants with STEM degrees or from countries where English is an official language. In addition to the human capital transferability, this study also shows that White immigrants seem to have an advantage over Asian immigrants if they were educated in places with longer linguistic and cultural differences compared to the United States. In addition, my findings support the explanation that female immigrants' varied family experiences and migration paths are different from their male counterparts, thus leading to their notable disadvantages in the labor markets. The results indicate establishing clear and transparent processes for recognizing foreign academic and professional credentials is a critical way to alleviate the lower returns to Asian immigrants' foreign credentials.
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650 4 $a Education. $3 516579
650 4 $a Gender studies. $3 2122708
653 $a Asian Americans
653 $a Earnings returns
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653 $a Human capital
653 $a Immigration
653 $a Place of education
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