東華大學圖書館 |

Large-Scale Impacts of Nutrient Management on Soil Acidification and Cadmium Mobilization in Chinese Croplands /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Large-Scale Impacts of Nutrient Management on Soil Acidification and Cadmium Mobilization in Chinese Croplands // Donghao Xu.
Author:	Xu, Donghao,
Description:	1 electronic resource (229 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-05A.
Subject:	Manures. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31724335
ISBN:	9798346574491

Large-Scale Impacts of Nutrient Management on Soil Acidification and Cadmium Mobilization in Chinese Croplands /
Xu, Donghao,

Large-Scale Impacts of Nutrient Management on Soil Acidification and Cadmium Mobilization in Chinese Croplands /Donghao Xu. - 1 electronic resource (229 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.

Elevated nitrogen (N) fertilizer application has largely increased food production in China but also enhanced nitrogen losses to air and water and acidification of cropland soils, causing crop yield decrease and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in crops, thereby threatening water quality, food safety and human health. Currently, around 40% of arable land, mainly in Southern China, is affected by soil acidity, potentially leading to crop yield decline and Cd pollution in rice, as the uptake of Cd increases when soils acidify. Replacing mineral fertilizers by manure, containing base cations, and reducing mineral fertilizer application in view of crop nutrient demands is an effective approach to reduce nutrient losses and soil acidification. However, the acceptable manure inputs may be limited by the high phosphorus (P) and Cd concentrations in manure, which may cause adverse P and Cd accumulation in soils. Consequently, manure inputs may not be enough to counteract soil acidification, and additional lime inputs may be needed to elevate the soil pH to an appropriate level in view of crop yield and crop Cd uptake. Mitigation strategies for soil acidification at regional scale should thus integrate fertilizer, manure and lime management options to reduce nutrient (N and P) surpluses and Cd accumulation simultaneously, in order to safeguard food production, food safety and water quality.Process-based soil acidification models have been developed that can assess the impacts of fertilizer and manure applications on acid neutralizing processes and related pH and base saturation (BS) changes at the soil exchange complex. In addition, much progress has been made in understanding the biogeochemical processes of Cd in soil and the mechanisms of their uptake and translocation in crops in response to soil acidification. However, approaches and models assessing the integrated impact of fertilizer, manure and liming strategies on nutrient surpluses, soil acidification and Cd pollution remain lacking, limiting the identification for sustainable management practices.The overall objective of this thesis is to develop a sustainable management strategy to reduce simultaneously soil acidification, Cd accumulation in crops, and N and P surpluses with subsequent losses to surface waters. Mitigation strategies include optimization mineral fertilizer inputs by matching crop N and P demand with N and P inputs, replacement of mineral fertilizers by manure and appropriate liming. To attain this objective, the following questions are addressed in this thesis:1. What are the major drivers of soil acidification in Chinese croplands?2. How to optimally combine fertilizer, manure and lime application to simultaneously reduce nutrient losses and soil acidification at field level?3. What is the spatially optimal manure and lime application at regional level to avoid acidification-induced risks for crop yields and crop quality by Cd accumulation?To answer these questions, I conducted a study in Qiyang County in Hunan Province, a typical agricultural county in southern China. By combining the soil acidification model VSD+ and a Cd mass balance model with field data, the above mentioned three questions, related to the main thesis objectives, are explored as described below.Chapter 1 ("Introduction")In this chapter, I describe the research background and highlight remaining knowledge gaps in three key research areas: (i) quantification of soil acidification and its drivers, (ii) assessment of optimal fertilizer, manure and liming strategies to reduce soil acidification and nutrient (N and P) surpluses and (iii) assessment of optimal fertilizer, manure and liming strategies to reduce acidification-induced risks on crop yields and crop quality by Cd pollution.

English

ISBN: 9798346574491Subjects--Topical Terms:

2084683
Manures.

Large-Scale Impacts of Nutrient Management on Soil Acidification and Cadmium Mobilization in Chinese Croplands /
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520 $a Elevated nitrogen (N) fertilizer application has largely increased food production in China but also enhanced nitrogen losses to air and water and acidification of cropland soils, causing crop yield decrease and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in crops, thereby threatening water quality, food safety and human health. Currently, around 40% of arable land, mainly in Southern China, is affected by soil acidity, potentially leading to crop yield decline and Cd pollution in rice, as the uptake of Cd increases when soils acidify. Replacing mineral fertilizers by manure, containing base cations, and reducing mineral fertilizer application in view of crop nutrient demands is an effective approach to reduce nutrient losses and soil acidification. However, the acceptable manure inputs may be limited by the high phosphorus (P) and Cd concentrations in manure, which may cause adverse P and Cd accumulation in soils. Consequently, manure inputs may not be enough to counteract soil acidification, and additional lime inputs may be needed to elevate the soil pH to an appropriate level in view of crop yield and crop Cd uptake. Mitigation strategies for soil acidification at regional scale should thus integrate fertilizer, manure and lime management options to reduce nutrient (N and P) surpluses and Cd accumulation simultaneously, in order to safeguard food production, food safety and water quality.Process-based soil acidification models have been developed that can assess the impacts of fertilizer and manure applications on acid neutralizing processes and related pH and base saturation (BS) changes at the soil exchange complex. In addition, much progress has been made in understanding the biogeochemical processes of Cd in soil and the mechanisms of their uptake and translocation in crops in response to soil acidification. However, approaches and models assessing the integrated impact of fertilizer, manure and liming strategies on nutrient surpluses, soil acidification and Cd pollution remain lacking, limiting the identification for sustainable management practices.The overall objective of this thesis is to develop a sustainable management strategy to reduce simultaneously soil acidification, Cd accumulation in crops, and N and P surpluses with subsequent losses to surface waters. Mitigation strategies include optimization mineral fertilizer inputs by matching crop N and P demand with N and P inputs, replacement of mineral fertilizers by manure and appropriate liming. To attain this objective, the following questions are addressed in this thesis:1. What are the major drivers of soil acidification in Chinese croplands?2. How to optimally combine fertilizer, manure and lime application to simultaneously reduce nutrient losses and soil acidification at field level?3. What is the spatially optimal manure and lime application at regional level to avoid acidification-induced risks for crop yields and crop quality by Cd accumulation?To answer these questions, I conducted a study in Qiyang County in Hunan Province, a typical agricultural county in southern China. By combining the soil acidification model VSD+ and a Cd mass balance model with field data, the above mentioned three questions, related to the main thesis objectives, are explored as described below.Chapter 1 ("Introduction")In this chapter, I describe the research background and highlight remaining knowledge gaps in three key research areas: (i) quantification of soil acidification and its drivers, (ii) assessment of optimal fertilizer, manure and liming strategies to reduce soil acidification and nutrient (N and P) surpluses and (iii) assessment of optimal fertilizer, manure and liming strategies to reduce acidification-induced risks on crop yields and crop quality by Cd pollution.
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