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Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in S...

Abbott, Evelyn Ann,

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Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in Symbiotic Reef-Building Corals /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in Symbiotic Reef-Building Corals // Evelyn Ann Abbott.
Author:	Abbott, Evelyn Ann,
Description:	1 electronic resource (86 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-04B.
Subject:	Genetics. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31690655
ISBN:	9798384442653

Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in Symbiotic Reef-Building Corals /
Abbott, Evelyn Ann,

Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in Symbiotic Reef-Building Corals /Evelyn Ann Abbott. - 1 electronic resource (86 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.

As coral reefs decline due to climate change, understanding mechanisms to facilitate coral acclimatization is paramount. Corals are symbiotic organisms, and as temperatures rise, corals which used to harbor only specialist symbionts are being colonized with the thermally tolerant symbiont, Durusdinium. In the first chapter, we used gene expression from heat-stress experiments to ask how a specialist symbiont (Cladocopium) and Durusdinium react to each other within the same host, and how these interactions effect the host. Symbiont gene expression was primarily driven by its relative abundance within the host, upregulating photosystem machinery (minority) and cell motility (majority) genes. We found that corals which hosted both symbionts had a diminished heat-stress response than corals which only hosted one, indicating that mixed symbiosis may confer stress tolerance.There has been growing interest in epigenetic mechanisms (gene body methylation, GBM) to modify coral gene expression plasticity. Though it is correlated with gene expression, there is conflicting evidence that GBM serves a regulatory function in cnidarians. In the second chapter, we asked if environmentally-driven epigenetic modifications could reduce the plasticity of heat-stress response genes, thereby "tuning" gene expression to anticipate future stress. We conducted a short-term heat stress experiment and analyzed changes in GBM and gene expression. While we detected changes in gene expression plasticity and GBM, there was a negligible correlation between the two. This adds to the increasing volume of evidence that GBM does not play a role in acclimatization on physiological timescales. In the third chapter, we investigated potential epigenetic mechanisms on a longer timescale by conducting a 22-month heat and pH stress experiment to test the intergenerational inheritance of environmentally-driven epigenetic modifications. This experiment included two treatments, mimicking climate change projections for 2050 and 2100. We found that only the 2100 treatment induced significant epigenetic changes, indicating that they are driven by the intensity of the stressor. Remarkably, we found that these changes were inherited by their offspring. Given these results, if these modifications do serve a regulatory function, they may facilitate intergenerational adaptation to changing habitats.

English

ISBN: 9798384442653Subjects--Topical Terms:

530508
Genetics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Coral reefs

Non-Genetic Means of Adaptation in Symbiotic Reef-Building Corals /
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502 $b Ph.D. $c The University of Texas at Austin $d 2024.
520 $a As coral reefs decline due to climate change, understanding mechanisms to facilitate coral acclimatization is paramount. Corals are symbiotic organisms, and as temperatures rise, corals which used to harbor only specialist symbionts are being colonized with the thermally tolerant symbiont, Durusdinium. In the first chapter, we used gene expression from heat-stress experiments to ask how a specialist symbiont (Cladocopium) and Durusdinium react to each other within the same host, and how these interactions effect the host. Symbiont gene expression was primarily driven by its relative abundance within the host, upregulating photosystem machinery (minority) and cell motility (majority) genes. We found that corals which hosted both symbionts had a diminished heat-stress response than corals which only hosted one, indicating that mixed symbiosis may confer stress tolerance.There has been growing interest in epigenetic mechanisms (gene body methylation, GBM) to modify coral gene expression plasticity. Though it is correlated with gene expression, there is conflicting evidence that GBM serves a regulatory function in cnidarians. In the second chapter, we asked if environmentally-driven epigenetic modifications could reduce the plasticity of heat-stress response genes, thereby "tuning" gene expression to anticipate future stress. We conducted a short-term heat stress experiment and analyzed changes in GBM and gene expression. While we detected changes in gene expression plasticity and GBM, there was a negligible correlation between the two. This adds to the increasing volume of evidence that GBM does not play a role in acclimatization on physiological timescales. In the third chapter, we investigated potential epigenetic mechanisms on a longer timescale by conducting a 22-month heat and pH stress experiment to test the intergenerational inheritance of environmentally-driven epigenetic modifications. This experiment included two treatments, mimicking climate change projections for 2050 and 2100. We found that only the 2100 treatment induced significant epigenetic changes, indicating that they are driven by the intensity of the stressor. Remarkably, we found that these changes were inherited by their offspring. Given these results, if these modifications do serve a regulatory function, they may facilitate intergenerational adaptation to changing habitats.
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650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 2122748
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
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653 $a Gene expression
653 $a Epigenetic modifications
653 $a Symbionts
653 $a Heat stress
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710 2 $a The University of Texas at Austin. $b Ecology, Evolution and Behavior. $e degree granting institution. $3 3817007
720 1 $a Wolf, Amelia $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Matz, Mikhail V. $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-04B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2024
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