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Territorialisation and Counter-Terri...

Ruiz, José Barrena,

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Territorialisation and Counter-Territorialisation at the Frontiers : Spatial Boundaries and Mobilities in Chilean Southern Patagonia /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Territorialisation and Counter-Territorialisation at the Frontiers : Spatial Boundaries and Mobilities in Chilean Southern Patagonia // José Barrena Ruiz.
Author:	Ruiz, José Barrena,
Description:	1 electronic resource (169 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-05A.
Subject:	Native peoples. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31667350
ISBN:	9798346397861

Territorialisation and Counter-Territorialisation at the Frontiers : Spatial Boundaries and Mobilities in Chilean Southern Patagonia /
Ruiz, José Barrena,

Territorialisation and Counter-Territorialisation at the Frontiers : Spatial Boundaries and Mobilities in Chilean Southern Patagonia /José Barrena Ruiz. - 1 electronic resource (169 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: A.

1.1 Chilean Southern Patagonia as a frontierChilean Southern Patagonia is a vast territory of more than 132,000 km2(equivalent to the size of Greece). The region is also both isolated and poorly accessible from the political and economic centre of Chile, making it what some have called the last 'inner frontier' of Chile (Martinic, 2004; Figure 1.1). This predominantly marine territory, made up of countless islands, fjords and channels, has remained a frontier because of its distance from control by the state and private economic interests. This isolation has also meant that Southern Patagonia remained a territory of nomadic people moving both across land and sea. On land, the Selk'nam could move relatively free in Tierra del Fuego Island, until the end of the 19th century, while at sea the Kawesqar and Yagan people used their canoes to navigate in the area of the Patagonian Archipelagos, the Magellan Strait and the Beagle Channel, until the middle of the 20th century. However, both terrestrial and marine Indigenous nomads were forced into a sedentary life as the state extended its control over the environment, resources, and peoples of Southern Patagonia.The Region of Magallanes (the official name in Spanish is Region de Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena), under which Southern Patagonia is administered, was formally incorporated to the Chilean state in 1927 after a period of colonisation whereby the state attempted to impose sovereignty through colonos - settlers that came to Southern Patagonia mainly from Europe (Alonso, 2014) and northern regions of the country to develop predominantly mining and sheep farming (Harambour, 2012). During the first half of the 20th century, Magallanes became a central node in the global network of wool production, and Tierra del Fuego the most important place for sheep farming and production of wool (Martinic, 2011). The definition of spatial boundaries to demarcate property and land for sheep, came into direct conflict with the mobility of the Selk'nam Indigenous people. Material and immaterial boundaries were imposed over Indigenous mobility, hindering their mobility for guanaco (Lama guanicoe) hunts not only by wires and fences, but also because the sheep began to compete with the guanaco for food (see Munoz & Simonetti, 2013). The clashes between colonos and Selk'nam in relation to boundaries and mobility, led the former to carry out a bloody hunt against the latter, with the complicit silence of the Chilean state (Alonso, 2014; Coronato, 2010).The region, and especially its marine space, has also had growing strategic importance for the Chilean state. Tierra del Fuego Island borders with the Magellan Strait and the Beagle Channel, which form the only natural passages connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The Magellan Strait has been an important route for international trade since its discovery by Fernand Magellan in 1520, until the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. The Beagle channel, on the other hand, is a natural border between Chile and Argentina and has been subjected to sovereignty disputes between these countries. In the early 1980s, they were on the verge of starting a war for the sovereignty over three small islands located in the east section of the Beagle Channel (Lacoste, 2004).

English

ISBN: 9798346397861Subjects--Topical Terms:

3558955
Native peoples.

Territorialisation and Counter-Territorialisation at the Frontiers : Spatial Boundaries and Mobilities in Chilean Southern Patagonia /
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520 $a 1.1 Chilean Southern Patagonia as a frontierChilean Southern Patagonia is a vast territory of more than 132,000 km2(equivalent to the size of Greece). The region is also both isolated and poorly accessible from the political and economic centre of Chile, making it what some have called the last 'inner frontier' of Chile (Martinic, 2004; Figure 1.1). This predominantly marine territory, made up of countless islands, fjords and channels, has remained a frontier because of its distance from control by the state and private economic interests. This isolation has also meant that Southern Patagonia remained a territory of nomadic people moving both across land and sea. On land, the Selk'nam could move relatively free in Tierra del Fuego Island, until the end of the 19th century, while at sea the Kawesqar and Yagan people used their canoes to navigate in the area of the Patagonian Archipelagos, the Magellan Strait and the Beagle Channel, until the middle of the 20th century. However, both terrestrial and marine Indigenous nomads were forced into a sedentary life as the state extended its control over the environment, resources, and peoples of Southern Patagonia.The Region of Magallanes (the official name in Spanish is Region de Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena), under which Southern Patagonia is administered, was formally incorporated to the Chilean state in 1927 after a period of colonisation whereby the state attempted to impose sovereignty through colonos - settlers that came to Southern Patagonia mainly from Europe (Alonso, 2014) and northern regions of the country to develop predominantly mining and sheep farming (Harambour, 2012). During the first half of the 20th century, Magallanes became a central node in the global network of wool production, and Tierra del Fuego the most important place for sheep farming and production of wool (Martinic, 2011). The definition of spatial boundaries to demarcate property and land for sheep, came into direct conflict with the mobility of the Selk'nam Indigenous people. Material and immaterial boundaries were imposed over Indigenous mobility, hindering their mobility for guanaco (Lama guanicoe) hunts not only by wires and fences, but also because the sheep began to compete with the guanaco for food (see Munoz & Simonetti, 2013). The clashes between colonos and Selk'nam in relation to boundaries and mobility, led the former to carry out a bloody hunt against the latter, with the complicit silence of the Chilean state (Alonso, 2014; Coronato, 2010).The region, and especially its marine space, has also had growing strategic importance for the Chilean state. Tierra del Fuego Island borders with the Magellan Strait and the Beagle Channel, which form the only natural passages connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The Magellan Strait has been an important route for international trade since its discovery by Fernand Magellan in 1520, until the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. The Beagle channel, on the other hand, is a natural border between Chile and Argentina and has been subjected to sovereignty disputes between these countries. In the early 1980s, they were on the verge of starting a war for the sovereignty over three small islands located in the east section of the Beagle Channel (Lacoste, 2004).
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