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Evaluating and Studying the Impacts ...

Gorte, Tessa,

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Evaluating and Studying the Impacts of Past and Future Ice Sheet Mass Loss in Global Climate Models /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evaluating and Studying the Impacts of Past and Future Ice Sheet Mass Loss in Global Climate Models // Tessa Gorte.
Author:	Gorte, Tessa,
Description:	1 electronic resource (173 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-11B.
Subject:	Climate change. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30990698
ISBN:	9798382716954

Evaluating and Studying the Impacts of Past and Future Ice Sheet Mass Loss in Global Climate Models /
Gorte, Tessa,

Evaluating and Studying the Impacts of Past and Future Ice Sheet Mass Loss in Global Climate Models /Tessa Gorte. - 1 electronic resource (173 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.

Satellite records have quantified the accelerating mass loss of both of Earth's current ice sheets - the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) and the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) - which dominate the weather and climate of the rapidly changing polar regions and, in turn, influence the rest of the global climate system. To study future projections of the global climate system, we leverage global climate models (GCMs). However, due to their remoteness as well as the sui generis nature of ice sheet-climate interactions, accurately representing the AIS and GrIS - especially mass changes - in GCMs is challenging. In Chapter 2, I assess a suite of GCMs in their ability to recreate past changes to the surface mass balance (SMB) - the mitigating term for AIS contribution to sea level rise - of the AIS and compare future SMB projections of the best performing models, historically, to that of the rest of the suite. I analyze the models' abilities in capturing past (1850-2000) ice sheet-integrated SMB magnitudes trends, and interannual variability as well as the spatial realization of SMB across the AIS. From this analysis, I find that the models that the best reproduce historical SMB project lower SMB values with smaller trends and less interannual variability by the end of the 21st century compared to the wider suite. I also determine that West Antarctic Ice Sheet SMB changes are most important in replicating historical SMB and model resolution is not significant. In Chapter 3, I investigate the effects of AIS mass loss on the surrounding Southern Ocean, leveraging a stateof-the-art climate model to simulate the global climate with and without increasing freshwater (FW) fluxes. Compared to previous modelling studies, I create a pseudo-realistic FW forcing that considers satellite-observed AIS mass loss both to generate historical FW fluxes and to guide the spatial distribution of model-based, future FW fluxes. Finally, in Chapter 4, I quantify the impacts of single and simultaneous ice sheet melt by employing the same methodology as seen in Chapter 3 to the GrIS with two additional simulations: (1) increasing the GrIS FW flux while the AIS is held constant and (2) increasing both ice sheets' FW fluxes simultaneously. The results presented in this dissertation help quantify the projected impacts of ice sheet mass loss on the global climate system and highlight the pressing need for two-way coupled ice sheets in global climate models.

English

ISBN: 9798382716954Subjects--Topical Terms:

2079509
Climate change.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Antarctica

Evaluating and Studying the Impacts of Past and Future Ice Sheet Mass Loss in Global Climate Models /
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520 $a Satellite records have quantified the accelerating mass loss of both of Earth's current ice sheets - the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) and the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) - which dominate the weather and climate of the rapidly changing polar regions and, in turn, influence the rest of the global climate system. To study future projections of the global climate system, we leverage global climate models (GCMs). However, due to their remoteness as well as the sui generis nature of ice sheet-climate interactions, accurately representing the AIS and GrIS - especially mass changes - in GCMs is challenging. In Chapter 2, I assess a suite of GCMs in their ability to recreate past changes to the surface mass balance (SMB) - the mitigating term for AIS contribution to sea level rise - of the AIS and compare future SMB projections of the best performing models, historically, to that of the rest of the suite. I analyze the models' abilities in capturing past (1850-2000) ice sheet-integrated SMB magnitudes trends, and interannual variability as well as the spatial realization of SMB across the AIS. From this analysis, I find that the models that the best reproduce historical SMB project lower SMB values with smaller trends and less interannual variability by the end of the 21st century compared to the wider suite. I also determine that West Antarctic Ice Sheet SMB changes are most important in replicating historical SMB and model resolution is not significant. In Chapter 3, I investigate the effects of AIS mass loss on the surrounding Southern Ocean, leveraging a stateof-the-art climate model to simulate the global climate with and without increasing freshwater (FW) fluxes. Compared to previous modelling studies, I create a pseudo-realistic FW forcing that considers satellite-observed AIS mass loss both to generate historical FW fluxes and to guide the spatial distribution of model-based, future FW fluxes. Finally, in Chapter 4, I quantify the impacts of single and simultaneous ice sheet melt by employing the same methodology as seen in Chapter 3 to the GrIS with two additional simulations: (1) increasing the GrIS FW flux while the AIS is held constant and (2) increasing both ice sheets' FW fluxes simultaneously. The results presented in this dissertation help quantify the projected impacts of ice sheet mass loss on the global climate system and highlight the pressing need for two-way coupled ice sheets in global climate models.
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