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Decision Sciences, Health, and Equit...

Kaufmann, Matthew Brandon,

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Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases // Matthew Brandon Kaufmann.
Author:	Kaufmann, Matthew Brandon,
Description:	1 electronic resource (147 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-03B.
Subject:	Hemodialysis. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31460393
ISBN:	9798384336143

Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases /
Kaufmann, Matthew Brandon,

Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases /Matthew Brandon Kaufmann. - 1 electronic resource (147 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.

The field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.

English

ISBN: 9798384336143Subjects--Topical Terms:

802778
Hemodialysis.

Decision Sciences, Health, and Equity: Applications and Methods for Kidney Allocation and Infectious Diseases /
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520 $a The field of decision sciences has the potential to make lasting impacts on health and equity. In kidney transplantation, older candidates are harmed by our current kidney allocation system because the system incentivizes transplanting healthier candidates with higher-quality kidneys. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer, and there are large racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence in the United States. My dissertation focuses on decision science methods and applications that address these inequalities. In my first chapter, I developed and calibrated a microsimulation model of the kidney transplant process for older adults in the United States. After calibration, the model was able to accurately replicate the transplant process. I found that receiving an imperfect but transplant-quality deceased donor kidney results in longer life expectancy than remaining on dialysis. The second chapter uses the calibrated model from my first chapter to simulate policy options that make use of imperfect but transplant-quality donor kidneys that would otherwise go unused. Allowing older candidates access to any available and usable kidneys is estimated to be cost-effective from the healthcare sector perspective and cost-saving from the societal perspective. For my third chapter, I proposed a new method for estimating Who-Acquired-Infection-From-Whom (WAIFW) matrix parameters with multiple levels of stratification. The method allows modelers to capture heterogeneous mixing patterns. We demonstrate that in the context of H. pylori, an assortative mixing assumption will underestimate the impact of policies compared to a proportional mixing assumption. My research develops and applies decision sciences methods to the fields of kidney transplantation and H. pylorifocusing on heterogeneities in these populations. This work has implications for health outcomes and equity in both the general population as well as underserved populations.
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