東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Nutritional Factors That Influence R...

Nelson, Tate Michael,

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period /

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period // Tate Michael Nelson.
Author:	Nelson, Tate Michael,
Description:	1 electronic resource (222 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-03B.
Subject:	Animal sciences. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31487023
ISBN:	9798384050650

Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period /
Nelson, Tate Michael,

Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period /Tate Michael Nelson. - 1 electronic resource (222 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.

During the periparturient period cows undergo immense physiological changes as they approach the end of gestation and the beginning of lactation. The prepartum cow in this stage has ceased lactating and has the primary role of supporting the growth of the fetus, which grows rapidly in the final weeks. The energy requirements of the cow during the dry period is low compared to other stages of lactation, and will increase slightly during the start of the periparturient period, and the diet consists mostly of forage and lower energy feedstuffs.When the cows has her calf, her nutrient requirements increase dramatically overnight. The onset of lactation is very energy demanding and requires the diet to change, mostly increasing energy concentrations using feedstuffs higher in starch. As cows transition onto those higher energy diets, the microbiome of the rumen will start to shift as well, microbes that utilize starch will start to proliferate that will change the dynamics of the rumen. These starch diets will lead to more ruminal production of volatile fatty acids as well as increasing concentrations of lactic acid, all acidic and results in a drop in rumen pH. Other microbes that ferment these acids and help balance the rumen pH tend to be slower to grow, and leaves the cow vulnerable to rapidly decreasing ruminal pH and could lead to acidosis. Acidosis can damage the microbiome and the rumen itself, as well as lead to systemic inflammation and negative health and production outcomes.The work in this dissertation was focused on strategies to mitigate those negative effects that can occur during the periparturient period. The strategies used were 1) supplementing cows with Saccharomyces cerevisaie fermentation product during the periparturient period to observe metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and performance, 2) to determine relationships of blood-based indices of liver health during the transition period with performance and health and 3) observe the effects of oral administration of Megasphaera elsdenii on production and health on commercial dairy farms.Our conclusions from those three sections showed that giving Saccharomyces cerevisaie fermentation product improved cow performance in the early postpartum period; however, there was evidence of increased acute phase proteins postpartum as well. It was also observed that indices that score liver health were successfully able to categorize cows, showing that higher liver scores were associated with positive productive and health outcomes. Administering Megasphaera elsdenii led to less cows being involuntarily culled, as well as an increase in rumination for primiparous cows and less rumination for multiparous cows. Primiparous cows also had less rumination variability, possibly meaning a more stable rumen environment.

English

ISBN: 9798384050650Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174829
Animal sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Liver health

Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period /
LDR:04238nmm a22004213i 4500 001 2428590
005 20250414021905.5
006 m o d
007 cr|nu||||||||
008 261011s2024 miu||||||m |||||||eng d
020 $a 9798384050650
035 $a (MiAaPQD)AAI31487023
035 $a AAI31487023
040 $a MiAaPQD $b eng $c MiAaPQD $e rda
100 1 $a Nelson, Tate Michael, $e author. $0 (orcid)0009-0009-0820-1054 $3 3815909
245 1 0 $a Nutritional Factors That Influence Rumen and Liver Health During the Periparturient Period / $c Tate Michael Nelson.
264 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2024
300 $a 1 electronic resource (222 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
500 $a Advisors: Overton, Thomas Committee members: Van Amburgh, Michael; Wolf, Christopher; Mann, Sabine.
502 $b Ph.D. $c Cornell University $d 2024.
520 $a During the periparturient period cows undergo immense physiological changes as they approach the end of gestation and the beginning of lactation. The prepartum cow in this stage has ceased lactating and has the primary role of supporting the growth of the fetus, which grows rapidly in the final weeks. The energy requirements of the cow during the dry period is low compared to other stages of lactation, and will increase slightly during the start of the periparturient period, and the diet consists mostly of forage and lower energy feedstuffs.When the cows has her calf, her nutrient requirements increase dramatically overnight. The onset of lactation is very energy demanding and requires the diet to change, mostly increasing energy concentrations using feedstuffs higher in starch. As cows transition onto those higher energy diets, the microbiome of the rumen will start to shift as well, microbes that utilize starch will start to proliferate that will change the dynamics of the rumen. These starch diets will lead to more ruminal production of volatile fatty acids as well as increasing concentrations of lactic acid, all acidic and results in a drop in rumen pH. Other microbes that ferment these acids and help balance the rumen pH tend to be slower to grow, and leaves the cow vulnerable to rapidly decreasing ruminal pH and could lead to acidosis. Acidosis can damage the microbiome and the rumen itself, as well as lead to systemic inflammation and negative health and production outcomes.The work in this dissertation was focused on strategies to mitigate those negative effects that can occur during the periparturient period. The strategies used were 1) supplementing cows with Saccharomyces cerevisaie fermentation product during the periparturient period to observe metabolism, inflammation, immunity, and performance, 2) to determine relationships of blood-based indices of liver health during the transition period with performance and health and 3) observe the effects of oral administration of Megasphaera elsdenii on production and health on commercial dairy farms.Our conclusions from those three sections showed that giving Saccharomyces cerevisaie fermentation product improved cow performance in the early postpartum period; however, there was evidence of increased acute phase proteins postpartum as well. It was also observed that indices that score liver health were successfully able to categorize cows, showing that higher liver scores were associated with positive productive and health outcomes. Administering Megasphaera elsdenii led to less cows being involuntarily culled, as well as an increase in rumination for primiparous cows and less rumination for multiparous cows. Primiparous cows also had less rumination variability, possibly meaning a more stable rumen environment.
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0058
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
650 4 $a Nutrition. $3 517777
653 $a Liver health
653 $a Rumen
653 $a Transition cow
653 $a Periparturient period
690 $a 0475
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0570
710 2 $a Cornell University. $b Animal Science. $e degree granting institution. $3 3815910
720 1 $a Overton, Thomas $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-03B.
790 $a 0058
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2024
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31487023