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Observations and Insights Into Sourc...

Oller, Brian,

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Observations and Insights Into Source Heterogeneity, Mixing, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mantle From Osmium Isotopes and Highly Siderophile Elements /

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Observations and Insights Into Source Heterogeneity, Mixing, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mantle From Osmium Isotopes and Highly Siderophile Elements // Brian Oller.
作者:	Oller, Brian,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (245 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-07B.
標題:	Geochemistry. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31489823
ISBN:	9798302154705

Observations and Insights Into Source Heterogeneity, Mixing, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mantle From Osmium Isotopes and Highly Siderophile Elements /
Oller, Brian,

Observations and Insights Into Source Heterogeneity, Mixing, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mantle From Osmium Isotopes and Highly Siderophile Elements /Brian Oller. - 1 electronic resource (245 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-07, Section: B.

Ultramafic xenoliths and mafic lavas have been instrumental in understanding the composition of Earth's mantle and processes that influence its composition. These processes can be obscured by overprinting from eruption, emplacement and magma storage processes prior to the rocks coming to the surface. In this dissertation mantle processes are examined using melt depleted peridotite xenoliths and through the eruptive products of the mantle, ultramafic cumulate xenoliths, and ocean island basalts. Similarities between oceanic lithosphere and non-cratonic continental lithosphere (CLM) suggest these domains are linked. To begin, in chapter two, xenoliths from the Ferrel seamount are determined to sample a fragment of ancient Farallon Plate lithosphere at the abandoned spreading ridge. Next, similarities between these xenoliths and non-cratonic CLM are used to develop a new model for the evolution of oceanic lithosphere to non-cratonic CLM. Chapter three explores the isotopically distinct Loa and Kea trends in Hawai'i through a novel approach of studying cumulate xenoliths. The Loa and Kea trends show disparities in long-lived radiogenic isotope systems, including Re-Os, that suggest these magmas are sourced from two distinct mantle reservoirs. This study evaluates the potential for mixing between these two trends considering recently published seismic evidence suggesting a shared magmatic system. Chapter four shows the Canary Islands are built atop lithosphere more similar to the Atlantic rather than the adjacent non-cratonic African lithosphere. Lavas erupted here show evidence of lithospheric contamination and likely sample two different mantle endmembers, yet lack the characteristic bilateral zoning observed in the Pacific Ocean islands. Finally, chapter five examines an emerging continental rift zone east of the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. Peridotite and pyroxenite cumulate xenoliths from the Papoose Canyon volcanic sequence in the Owens Valley have trace element and Os isotopic systematics which suggest crustal contamination has had a significant impact on their parental magmas. A model of Os isotopic composition and HSE fractionation suggests that only a small amount of crustal addition is required to replicate the observed compositions. Despite the apparent crustal contamination, absolute and relative HSE abundances preserve information on the parental melt. 

English

ISBN: 9798302154705Subjects--Topical Terms:

539092
Geochemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Ultramafic xenoliths

Observations and Insights Into Source Heterogeneity, Mixing, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mantle From Osmium Isotopes and Highly Siderophile Elements /
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300 $a 1 electronic resource (245 pages)
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-07, Section: B.
500 $a Includes supplementary digital materials.
500 $a Advisors: Driscoll, Neal; Day, James Committee members: Sandwell, David; Parnell-Turner, Ross; Kuester, Falko.
502 $b Ph.D. $c University of California, San Diego $d 2024.
520 $a Ultramafic xenoliths and mafic lavas have been instrumental in understanding the composition of Earth's mantle and processes that influence its composition. These processes can be obscured by overprinting from eruption, emplacement and magma storage processes prior to the rocks coming to the surface. In this dissertation mantle processes are examined using melt depleted peridotite xenoliths and through the eruptive products of the mantle, ultramafic cumulate xenoliths, and ocean island basalts. Similarities between oceanic lithosphere and non-cratonic continental lithosphere (CLM) suggest these domains are linked. To begin, in chapter two, xenoliths from the Ferrel seamount are determined to sample a fragment of ancient Farallon Plate lithosphere at the abandoned spreading ridge. Next, similarities between these xenoliths and non-cratonic CLM are used to develop a new model for the evolution of oceanic lithosphere to non-cratonic CLM. Chapter three explores the isotopically distinct Loa and Kea trends in Hawai'i through a novel approach of studying cumulate xenoliths. The Loa and Kea trends show disparities in long-lived radiogenic isotope systems, including Re-Os, that suggest these magmas are sourced from two distinct mantle reservoirs. This study evaluates the potential for mixing between these two trends considering recently published seismic evidence suggesting a shared magmatic system. Chapter four shows the Canary Islands are built atop lithosphere more similar to the Atlantic rather than the adjacent non-cratonic African lithosphere. Lavas erupted here show evidence of lithospheric contamination and likely sample two different mantle endmembers, yet lack the characteristic bilateral zoning observed in the Pacific Ocean islands. Finally, chapter five examines an emerging continental rift zone east of the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. Peridotite and pyroxenite cumulate xenoliths from the Papoose Canyon volcanic sequence in the Owens Valley have trace element and Os isotopic systematics which suggest crustal contamination has had a significant impact on their parental magmas. A model of Os isotopic composition and HSE fractionation suggests that only a small amount of crustal addition is required to replicate the observed compositions. Despite the apparent crustal contamination, absolute and relative HSE abundances preserve information on the parental melt. 
546 $a English
590 $a School code: 0033
650 4 $a Geochemistry. $3 539092
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
650 4 $a Mineralogy. $3 516743
650 4 $a Petrology. $3 535210
653 $a Ultramafic xenoliths
653 $a Mafic lavas
653 $a Ocean island basalts
653 $a Continental lithosphere
653 $a HSE fractionation
690 $a 0996
690 $a 0372
690 $a 0411
690 $a 0584
710 2 $a University of California, San Diego. $b Scripps Institution of Oceanography. $e degree granting institution. $3 3814514
720 1 $a Driscoll, Neal $e degree supervisor.
720 1 $a Day, James $e degree supervisor.
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-07B.
790 $a 0033
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2024
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31489823