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Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Im...

Lin, Kuan-Yu,

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Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere /

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere // Kuan-Yu Lin.
作者:	Lin, Kuan-Yu,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (259 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International87-07B.
標題:	Geology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31483571
ISBN:	9798270298043

Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere /
Lin, Kuan-Yu,

Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere /Kuan-Yu Lin. - 1 electronic resource (259 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: B.

Abyssal and ophiolitic peridotites are residues of mantle partial melting and were emplaced on the surface of the Earth by tectonic exhumation. Their composition thus archive information on both magmatic and metamorphic processes that are critical throughout the Earth's plate tectonic cycle. In this dissertation, I investigated the systematics of trace elements in abyssal and ophiolitic peridotite olivine and explore how they relate to tectonic processes. In Chapter 2, I demonstrated the utility of olivine trace elements (Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Yb) from abyssal peridotites for fingerprinting partial melting, melt infiltration, and subsolidus cooling associated with mid-ocean ridge and oceanic forearc processes. Melt-peridotite reaction is tracked by characteristic changes in Mn, Co, Ni, Zn abundances, while Al-in-olivine and Ca-in-olivine thermometers reveal variable cooling rates (650-1000°C) in different tectonic environments. I used a two-stage model to demonstrate that olivine Y and Yb record both melting and diffusive re-equilibration during cooling.Chapter 3 characterizes the mantle section of the Taitao ophiolite, which formed at the Chile Ridge ~6 Ma and subsequently obducted onto the South America continental margin, providing a window into the lithospheric mantle at a ridge with intermediate spreading rate. Highly depleted harzburgites indicate ~12-15% fractional melting of a depleted mantle source. These rocks also preserve the fastest cooling rates among ophiolites globally. Combined with chemical disequilibrium observed between clinopyroxene neoblasts and porphyroclasts as well as limited records of melt-addition, these observations can be explained by rapid obduction of the ophiolite shortly after melting. In Chapter 4, I use the compositional variations of olivine, clinopyroxene and spinel across vein-peridotite contacts in the Trinity ophiolite to fingerprint reactions with melts of different compositions. Clinopyroxene trace element systematics across dunite-harzburgite traverses suggest that melts similar to low-Si boninites have percolated from the dunite into adjacent harzburgites. Olivine-based thermometers yield lower initial cooling temperatures and slower cooling rates compared to the Taitao ophiolite. Local variations in rates are observed and are potentially linked to contrasting melt percolation timescales.My dissertation highlights how olivine trace elements provide insights on partial melting processes that complements the pyroxene and spinel record, and further constraints subsolidus metamorphic processes that are associated with peridotite emplacement. Being able to decode both igneous and metamorphic histories from one rock makes peridotites a useful archive to study geologic processes that encompass both components, such as seafloor spreading and formation and obduction of ophiolites.

English

ISBN: 9798270298043Subjects--Topical Terms:

516570
Geology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Diffusion

Trace Elements in Mantle Olivine: Implications for Mantle Dynamics and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere /
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520 $a Abyssal and ophiolitic peridotites are residues of mantle partial melting and were emplaced on the surface of the Earth by tectonic exhumation. Their composition thus archive information on both magmatic and metamorphic processes that are critical throughout the Earth's plate tectonic cycle. In this dissertation, I investigated the systematics of trace elements in abyssal and ophiolitic peridotite olivine and explore how they relate to tectonic processes. In Chapter 2, I demonstrated the utility of olivine trace elements (Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Yb) from abyssal peridotites for fingerprinting partial melting, melt infiltration, and subsolidus cooling associated with mid-ocean ridge and oceanic forearc processes. Melt-peridotite reaction is tracked by characteristic changes in Mn, Co, Ni, Zn abundances, while Al-in-olivine and Ca-in-olivine thermometers reveal variable cooling rates (650-1000°C) in different tectonic environments. I used a two-stage model to demonstrate that olivine Y and Yb record both melting and diffusive re-equilibration during cooling.Chapter 3 characterizes the mantle section of the Taitao ophiolite, which formed at the Chile Ridge ~6 Ma and subsequently obducted onto the South America continental margin, providing a window into the lithospheric mantle at a ridge with intermediate spreading rate. Highly depleted harzburgites indicate ~12-15% fractional melting of a depleted mantle source. These rocks also preserve the fastest cooling rates among ophiolites globally. Combined with chemical disequilibrium observed between clinopyroxene neoblasts and porphyroclasts as well as limited records of melt-addition, these observations can be explained by rapid obduction of the ophiolite shortly after melting. In Chapter 4, I use the compositional variations of olivine, clinopyroxene and spinel across vein-peridotite contacts in the Trinity ophiolite to fingerprint reactions with melts of different compositions. Clinopyroxene trace element systematics across dunite-harzburgite traverses suggest that melts similar to low-Si boninites have percolated from the dunite into adjacent harzburgites. Olivine-based thermometers yield lower initial cooling temperatures and slower cooling rates compared to the Taitao ophiolite. Local variations in rates are observed and are potentially linked to contrasting melt percolation timescales.My dissertation highlights how olivine trace elements provide insights on partial melting processes that complements the pyroxene and spinel record, and further constraints subsolidus metamorphic processes that are associated with peridotite emplacement. Being able to decode both igneous and metamorphic histories from one rock makes peridotites a useful archive to study geologic processes that encompass both components, such as seafloor spreading and formation and obduction of ophiolites.
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653 $a Porphyroclasts
653 $a Tectonic processes
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