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Essays in Technology and Market Power.

Cairncross, John.

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Essays in Technology and Market Power.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Essays in Technology and Market Power./
作者:	Cairncross, John.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2024,
面頁冊數:	166 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-10A.
標題:	American history. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30989978
ISBN:	9798382192789

Essays in Technology and Market Power.
Cairncross, John.

Essays in Technology and Market Power. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024 - 166 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2024.

This dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 is solo-authored, while Chapters 2 and 3 are coauthored with researchers at the University of Toronto and other institutions.In "Wiring Growth" I investigate the effect of communications technology improvements on the level and composition of economic activity. Between 1840 and 1860 the United States experienced a dramatic shift in economic geography, as population and output moved west and Northeastern counties shifted production away from agriculture. At the same time, the country saw the rapid growth of a new communications technology, the electric telegraph. I investigate how the telegraph facilitated the geographical transformation, using an instrumental variables approach and cross-county variation in telegraph growth from 1840 to 1850. I find persistent positive effects of the telegraph on the growth of county-level goods output per capita. This finding is consistent with historical accounts of the telegraph's effects on production and distribution. I also find evidence that the telegraph facilitated the transition away from home production in nonagricultural sectors.In "VancUber," we investigate the long-run effect of ride-hailing on public transit ridership, traffic congestion, and traffic fatalities. We estimate the long-run effect of ride-hailing by exploiting British Columbia's use of a pre-existing regulation in 2013 to ban ride-hailing from Vancouver and using the synthetic control method to construct a counterfactual Vancouver. We do not find a statistically significant effect of ride-hailing on our outcomes. Our results for fatalities are imprecise, but our confidence intervals for the effect on transit ridership and congestion provide bounds on the likely effect that are smaller in magnitude than many existing estimates.In "Multi-Product Markups," we examine the identification of firm-product markups in multiproduct firms using production-side d ata. Identifying within-firm markup differences relies on identifying the marginal rates of transformation across goods. Since marginal rates of transformation are generally functions of (i) the degree of joint production and (ii) the magnitude of within-firm p roductivity d ifferences, we e xplore w hether markup estimates a re sensitive to misspecification in these f actors. Monte Carlo exercises indicate that misspecification of within-firm productivity differences is particularly likely to generate bias. However, a weighted average of firm-product level markups (the "firm markup") can be identified without information on these factors, and nests the firm markup of De Loecker and Warzynski (2012). The firm markup can be estimated using standard empirical methods. Standard parametric restrictions on the marginal rates of transformation across goods often deliver implausible estimates of plant-product markups. Firm markups, which do not require these restrictions, are more well behaved. We also discuss the welfare properties of the firm markup.

ISBN: 9798382192789Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122692
American history.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Infrastructures

Essays in Technology and Market Power.
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300 $a 166 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Morrow, Peter M.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2024.
520 $a This dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 is solo-authored, while Chapters 2 and 3 are coauthored with researchers at the University of Toronto and other institutions.In "Wiring Growth" I investigate the effect of communications technology improvements on the level and composition of economic activity. Between 1840 and 1860 the United States experienced a dramatic shift in economic geography, as population and output moved west and Northeastern counties shifted production away from agriculture. At the same time, the country saw the rapid growth of a new communications technology, the electric telegraph. I investigate how the telegraph facilitated the geographical transformation, using an instrumental variables approach and cross-county variation in telegraph growth from 1840 to 1850. I find persistent positive effects of the telegraph on the growth of county-level goods output per capita. This finding is consistent with historical accounts of the telegraph's effects on production and distribution. I also find evidence that the telegraph facilitated the transition away from home production in nonagricultural sectors.In "VancUber," we investigate the long-run effect of ride-hailing on public transit ridership, traffic congestion, and traffic fatalities. We estimate the long-run effect of ride-hailing by exploiting British Columbia's use of a pre-existing regulation in 2013 to ban ride-hailing from Vancouver and using the synthetic control method to construct a counterfactual Vancouver. We do not find a statistically significant effect of ride-hailing on our outcomes. Our results for fatalities are imprecise, but our confidence intervals for the effect on transit ridership and congestion provide bounds on the likely effect that are smaller in magnitude than many existing estimates.In "Multi-Product Markups," we examine the identification of firm-product markups in multiproduct firms using production-side d ata. Identifying within-firm markup differences relies on identifying the marginal rates of transformation across goods. Since marginal rates of transformation are generally functions of (i) the degree of joint production and (ii) the magnitude of within-firm p roductivity d ifferences, we e xplore w hether markup estimates a re sensitive to misspecification in these f actors. Monte Carlo exercises indicate that misspecification of within-firm productivity differences is particularly likely to generate bias. However, a weighted average of firm-product level markups (the "firm markup") can be identified without information on these factors, and nests the firm markup of De Loecker and Warzynski (2012). The firm markup can be estimated using standard empirical methods. Standard parametric restrictions on the marginal rates of transformation across goods often deliver implausible estimates of plant-product markups. Firm markups, which do not require these restrictions, are more well behaved. We also discuss the welfare properties of the firm markup.
590 $a School code: 0779.
650 4 $a American history. $3 2122692
653 $a Infrastructures
653 $a Market power
653 $a Communications technology
653 $a Telegraph
653 $a U.S. economic history
653 $a VancUber
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690 $a 0509
690 $a 0511
690 $a 0337
710 2 $a University of Toronto (Canada). $b Economics. $3 3181451
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-10A.
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793 $a English
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