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Wave Attenuation Through Submerged O...

Hanley, Liam.

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Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages./
Author:	Hanley, Liam.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	79 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-06.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-06.
Subject:	Fluid mechanics. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30973287
ISBN:	9798380865272

Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages.
Hanley, Liam.

Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 79 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-06.

Thesis (M.S.)--The University of Maine, 2023.

Coastal erosion presents a growing issue to shorelines around the world and is especially harmful to Maine, a region where sea-level rise is higher than the global average. Green and hybrid coastal defense strategies are being implemented around the country to provide sustainable, habitat-friendly solutions to erosion control. Maine is a hotspot for commercial aquaculture, with an estimated $13.6 million economic impact. This study looks to bridge the gap between Maine aquaculture and the living shorelines initiative, by determining the wave attenuating properties of submerged oyster cages. The project will be able to inform local oyster farmers, resource planners, and engineers on the potential for submerged oyster farms to attenuate wave energy. This study aims to explore the idea of a working waterfront, where coastal resilience and sustainability are tied in with economic opportunity, all while encouraging the protection of habitats and water resources. This study utilizes field observations from several SOFAR Spotter Buoys deployed for 28 days that were positioned before and after a long line of bottom lying oyster cages to measure wave decay in a protected inlet of Casco Bay in the Gulf of Maine. These observations were combined with water level data from a HOBO water level logger to assess the effect of tidal fluctuations. A computational fluid dynamic model complemented the field observations, which allowed for the characterization of the longitudinal wave decay along the farm. The wave attenuation mechanism was determined, as well as the wave-induced setup in mean water levels. The CFD model is a cut section of a long line of bottom-lying oysters, using DualSPHysics, a smooth particle hydrodynamic model. Wave decay of up to 80% for ~4 second waves was seen over 30 m of oyster cages, where less-steep waves and shorter waves were attenuated more. Added mass drag dominated wave attenuation compared to friction, supported by KC (Keulegan Carpenter Number) values <5. Given that waves generally attenuated by 30% over a narrow distance, this likely affected mean water levels through gradients in radiation stresses. Using a simple, cross-shore, wave- and depth-averaged momentum balance, set up in mean water levels reached up to 5 cm when including tidal currents. Barotropic gradients are known to drive currents, indicating that scaled-up versions of bottom oyster farms could have implications on coastal circulation in semi enclosed systems. Future research should explore optimization of bottom oyster farms to reduce a broader range of wave environments, while assessing the secondary effects of wave attenuation on ambient hydrodynamics.

ISBN: 9798380865272Subjects--Topical Terms:

528155
Fluid mechanics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Coastal erosion

Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages.
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245 1 0 $a Wave Attenuation Through Submerged Oyster Aquaculture Cages.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2023
300 $a 79 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-06.
500 $a Advisor: Huguenard, Kimberly.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--The University of Maine, 2023.
520 $a Coastal erosion presents a growing issue to shorelines around the world and is especially harmful to Maine, a region where sea-level rise is higher than the global average. Green and hybrid coastal defense strategies are being implemented around the country to provide sustainable, habitat-friendly solutions to erosion control. Maine is a hotspot for commercial aquaculture, with an estimated $13.6 million economic impact. This study looks to bridge the gap between Maine aquaculture and the living shorelines initiative, by determining the wave attenuating properties of submerged oyster cages. The project will be able to inform local oyster farmers, resource planners, and engineers on the potential for submerged oyster farms to attenuate wave energy. This study aims to explore the idea of a working waterfront, where coastal resilience and sustainability are tied in with economic opportunity, all while encouraging the protection of habitats and water resources. This study utilizes field observations from several SOFAR Spotter Buoys deployed for 28 days that were positioned before and after a long line of bottom lying oyster cages to measure wave decay in a protected inlet of Casco Bay in the Gulf of Maine. These observations were combined with water level data from a HOBO water level logger to assess the effect of tidal fluctuations. A computational fluid dynamic model complemented the field observations, which allowed for the characterization of the longitudinal wave decay along the farm. The wave attenuation mechanism was determined, as well as the wave-induced setup in mean water levels. The CFD model is a cut section of a long line of bottom-lying oysters, using DualSPHysics, a smooth particle hydrodynamic model. Wave decay of up to 80% for ~4 second waves was seen over 30 m of oyster cages, where less-steep waves and shorter waves were attenuated more. Added mass drag dominated wave attenuation compared to friction, supported by KC (Keulegan Carpenter Number) values <5. Given that waves generally attenuated by 30% over a narrow distance, this likely affected mean water levels through gradients in radiation stresses. Using a simple, cross-shore, wave- and depth-averaged momentum balance, set up in mean water levels reached up to 5 cm when including tidal currents. Barotropic gradients are known to drive currents, indicating that scaled-up versions of bottom oyster farms could have implications on coastal circulation in semi enclosed systems. Future research should explore optimization of bottom oyster farms to reduce a broader range of wave environments, while assessing the secondary effects of wave attenuation on ambient hydrodynamics.
590 $a School code: 0113.
650 4 $a Fluid mechanics. $3 528155
650 4 $a Physical oceanography. $3 3168433
650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 2122748
653 $a Coastal erosion
653 $a Coastal defense
653 $a Wave energy
653 $a Hydrodynamic model
653 $a Keulegan Carpenter Number
690 $a 0415
690 $a 0416
690 $a 0204
690 $a 0501
710 2 $a The University of Maine. $3 1029373
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 85-06.
790 $a 0113
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2023
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30973287