東華大學圖書館 |

Characterizing a New Early-Life Stress Model: Effects on Perception of Sounds Relevant for Communication in the Mongolian Gerbil.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Characterizing a New Early-Life Stress Model: Effects on Perception of Sounds Relevant for Communication in the Mongolian Gerbil./
作者:	Hardy, Kate A.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
面頁冊數:	131 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-11B.
標題:	Zoology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30509668
ISBN:	9798379443856

Characterizing a New Early-Life Stress Model: Effects on Perception of Sounds Relevant for Communication in the Mongolian Gerbil.
Hardy, Kate A.

Characterizing a New Early-Life Stress Model: Effects on Perception of Sounds Relevant for Communication in the Mongolian Gerbil. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 131 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2023.

Recent research shows that early-life stress (ELS) in gerbils affects neural function in the auditory pathway and is associated with poor neural and behavioral detection of a temporally-varying sound ? specifically, detection of short gaps, a feature vital for understanding speech and vocalizations (Ter-Mikaelian et al., 2013; Ye et al., 2022). This dissertation evaluates the general hypothesis that ELS affects such aspects of sound perception that are important for basic auditory communication. Because auditory-related behavior can only be elucidated with awareness of top-down influences, the first step (i.e., Chapter 2) must be to characterize the ELS gerbil by assessing higher-level functions (those related to cognition, learning, memory, and anxiety). Only with this knowledge can behavioral responses to acoustic communication sounds be accurately interpreted for ELS animals. I ran the gerbils through a battery of behavioral tests that included multiple measures of locomotion, anxiety, memory, and learning. Chapter 3 explores the effects of ELS on the behavioral detection of amplitude modulations, an important auditory feature of speech and vocalizations. Perception of speech-related sounds like gap detection and amplitude modulations is vital for survival, cooperation, mediation, and reproduction in countless species. I tested gerbils with increasingly difficult signals to determine whether ELS changes temporal sensitivity. This aim also provided valuable information about learning differences in ELS animals.The findings presented in Chapter 3 evaluate the hypothesis that an ELS-induced deficit in gap detection (Ye et al., 2022) can be extrapolated to a deficit in another type of a temporally-varying sound: amplitude modulations (AM). The highly vocal Mongolian gerbil is a well-established model used to assess temporal processing via behavioral detection of amplitude modulations (AM) in sound. For this reason, I trained gerbils with operant conditioning to detect AM in noise to assess the effects of ELS on temporal processing. Chapter 4 provides an ethologically relevant extension of Chapter 3. To determine whether temporal processing alterations from ELS affect the response to genuine vocalizations, I measured gerbils? behavioral responses to alarm and greeting calls in a Y-maze. Diminished hearing capabilities pose an especially great challenge for social, burrow-dwelling animals, such as the Mongolian gerbil, where vision and olfaction are limited. The data presented here supports the supposition that the effects of ELS are not limited to higher-level neural regions and that academic performance may not be mediated entirely by these regions. Instead, the mechanisms of ELS likely influence the higher-level regions and the auditory pathway both collectively and independently. The high neural connectivity between these regions likely results in reciprocal influences. In a bottom-up manner, impaired auditory signal fidelity ascending the auditory pathway may limit the contextual information that can be extracted by higher-level regions. In turn, these higher-level regions may influence the auditory system top-down. Both processes likely lead to the need to increase listening effort (cognitive load during active listening), which can interfere with scholastic performance and social connections.

ISBN: 9798379443856Subjects--Topical Terms:

518878
Zoology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Early-life stress

Characterizing a New Early-Life Stress Model: Effects on Perception of Sounds Relevant for Communication in the Mongolian Gerbil.
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