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The Benefits of the Multicultural Mind: The Interaction between Culture and Cognitive Flexibility.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Benefits of the Multicultural Mind: The Interaction between Culture and Cognitive Flexibility./
作者:	Bockelmann, Pascale.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	133 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International84-02.
標題:	Problem solving. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29274240
ISBN:	9798841568773

The Benefits of the Multicultural Mind: The Interaction between Culture and Cognitive Flexibility.
Bockelmann, Pascale.

The Benefits of the Multicultural Mind: The Interaction between Culture and Cognitive Flexibility. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 133 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

This thesis seeks to investigate the potential benefits of the multicultural mind through the lens of cognitive flexibility (CF). CF is the ability to adapt to environmental change through flexible thought and behavior. Despite the centrality of CF in human adaptability, research on the topic is underdeveloped with definitions and measurement practices further creating misunderstandings. Little is known about the environmental factors which shape CF. Though bilingualism has been at the forefront of CF research, recently CF development has been hypothesized to be shaped by exposure to multiple cultures. Rigorous experimental testing has yet to take place to provide evidence for such speculations. Thus, this thesis seeks to address these gaps by 1) determining the best CF conceptual and psychometric tools across disciplines in a systematic literature review, and 2) testing the relationship between CF and culture in a multicultural population. To simplify our investigation of disciplinary norms, we organized CF definitions into three theoretical frameworks: higher-order, lower order and dichotomous. We analyzed common measure features, how measure-choice aligned with CF definitions and theoretical frameworks. Analysis reveals that fundamentally different understandings of CF exist in more biologically based CF research domains (e.g., neuroscience) as compared to higher-order research domains (e.g., psychology). In our experimental study, we hypothesized that multiple cultural environments exposure will positively predict heightened CF capacity. We compare CF performance between multicultural and monocultural individuals (N = 111) on three measures for task-switching, divergent thinking, and creativity. Our theoretical paradigm of analysis, inconsistency resolution proposes that the process of encountering cultures with different perspectives and reconciling those perspectives is how CF is strengthened in multicultural individuals. A statistical analysis using t-tests and correlations determined differences in CF performance between groups. Multiculturals showed superior performance compared to monoculturals on CF measures, though not significantly. Multicultural performance was significantly different on one task: the number component of the task-switching measure. Lack of significant findings may be due to small sample size and limitations in recruiting our ideal population sample; multicultural and monocultural samples may have been too heterogeneous. Overall, despite irregularities in current CF measures and definitions, as well as competing hypotheses about the environmental factors shaping CF, our systematic literature review and study suggest higher CF may stem from multicultural individual's ability to integrate multiple cultural models. Our research may shed light on new ways to strengthen CF that offer protection against mental health illnesses and cognitive rigidity. Future research could refine this study paradigm through testing across different ecological settings. In addition, more nuanced higher-order CF measures could be developed to quantify an individual's ability to assess situations through multiple cultural lenses.

ISBN: 9798841568773Subjects--Topical Terms:

516855
Problem solving.

The Benefits of the Multicultural Mind: The Interaction between Culture and Cognitive Flexibility.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-02.
500 $a Advisor: Veissiere, Samuel.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a This thesis seeks to investigate the potential benefits of the multicultural mind through the lens of cognitive flexibility (CF). CF is the ability to adapt to environmental change through flexible thought and behavior. Despite the centrality of CF in human adaptability, research on the topic is underdeveloped with definitions and measurement practices further creating misunderstandings. Little is known about the environmental factors which shape CF. Though bilingualism has been at the forefront of CF research, recently CF development has been hypothesized to be shaped by exposure to multiple cultures. Rigorous experimental testing has yet to take place to provide evidence for such speculations. Thus, this thesis seeks to address these gaps by 1) determining the best CF conceptual and psychometric tools across disciplines in a systematic literature review, and 2) testing the relationship between CF and culture in a multicultural population. To simplify our investigation of disciplinary norms, we organized CF definitions into three theoretical frameworks: higher-order, lower order and dichotomous. We analyzed common measure features, how measure-choice aligned with CF definitions and theoretical frameworks. Analysis reveals that fundamentally different understandings of CF exist in more biologically based CF research domains (e.g., neuroscience) as compared to higher-order research domains (e.g., psychology). In our experimental study, we hypothesized that multiple cultural environments exposure will positively predict heightened CF capacity. We compare CF performance between multicultural and monocultural individuals (N = 111) on three measures for task-switching, divergent thinking, and creativity. Our theoretical paradigm of analysis, inconsistency resolution proposes that the process of encountering cultures with different perspectives and reconciling those perspectives is how CF is strengthened in multicultural individuals. A statistical analysis using t-tests and correlations determined differences in CF performance between groups. Multiculturals showed superior performance compared to monoculturals on CF measures, though not significantly. Multicultural performance was significantly different on one task: the number component of the task-switching measure. Lack of significant findings may be due to small sample size and limitations in recruiting our ideal population sample; multicultural and monocultural samples may have been too heterogeneous. Overall, despite irregularities in current CF measures and definitions, as well as competing hypotheses about the environmental factors shaping CF, our systematic literature review and study suggest higher CF may stem from multicultural individual's ability to integrate multiple cultural models. Our research may shed light on new ways to strengthen CF that offer protection against mental health illnesses and cognitive rigidity. Future research could refine this study paradigm through testing across different ecological settings. In addition, more nuanced higher-order CF measures could be developed to quantify an individual's ability to assess situations through multiple cultural lenses.
520 $a Cette these cherche a etudier les avantages potentiels de l'esprit multiculturel a travers le prisme de la flexibilite cognitive (FC), la capacite de s'adapter aux changements environnementaux grace a des pensees et comportements. Malgre la centralite de la flexibilite cognitive dans l'adaptabilite humaine, la recherche sur le sujet est peu developpee avec des definitions et des pratiques de mesure creant davantage de malentendus. On sait peu de choses sur les facteurs environnementaux qui faconnent la flexibilite cognitive. Bien que le bilinguisme ait ete a la pointe de la recherche sur la flexibilite cognitive, il a recemment ete suggere que le developpement de la flexibilite cognitive a ete faconne par l'exposition a plusieurs cultures. Des tests experimentaux rigoureux n'ont pas encore eu lieu pour fournir des preuves pour ces speculations. Ainsi, cette these cherche a combler ces lacunes en determinant les meilleurs outils conceptuels et psychometriques de la FC dans toutes les disciplines grace a une analyse systematique de la litterature, et en testant la relation entre la FC et la culture dans une population multiculturelle. Pour simplifier notre enquete sur les normes disciplinaires, nous avons organise les definitions des FC en trois cadres theoriques : d'ordre superieur, d'ordre inferieur et dichotomiques. Nous avons analyse les caracteristiques communes de mesure, comment le choix de mesure s'aligne sur les definitions de la FC et les cadres theoriques. Notre analyse revele que des comprehensions fondamentalement differentes de la CF existent dans differents domaines de recherche biologiques (p. ex., neurosciences) par rapport aux domaines de recherche d'ordre superieur (par exemple, la psychologie). Dans notre etude experimentale, nous avons emis l'hypothese que l'exposition a des cultures differentes predira positivement une capacite accrue de FC. Nous comparons la performance entre des individus de plusieurs cultures et d'une seule culture (N = 111) sur trois mesures pour le changement de tache, la pensee divergente et la creativite. Notre paradigme theorique d'analyse propose que le processus de rencontre et de conciliation de plusieurs cultures est la facon dont la FC est renforcee dans le multiculturalisme. Une analyse statistique utilisant des tests t et des correlations a determine les differences de performances entre les groupes. Le groupe multiculturel a montre des performances superieures par rapport au groupe monoculturel sur les mesures de CF, mais pas de maniere significative. La performance multiculturelle etait significativement differente sur une tache: la composante numerique de la mesure de changement de tache. Le manque de resultats significatifs peut etre du a la petite taille de l'echantillon et aux limites du recrutement de notre echantillon de population; les echantillons multiculturels et monoculturels etaient potentiellement trop heterogenes. Dans l'ensemble, malgre des irregularites dans les mesures actuelles de la FC et des definitions, ainsi que des hypotheses concurrentes sur les facteurs environnementaux qui faconnent la FC, notre revue systematique de la litterature et notre etude suggerent que la FC plus elevee peut provenir de la capacite de l'individu a integrer de multiples modeles culturels. Nos recherches pourraient demontrer de nouveaux moyens de renforcer la FC qui offrent une protection contre les maladies mentales et la rigidite cognitive. Des recherches futures pourraient valider ce paradigme d'etude en testant differents aspects ecologiques. De plus, des mesures de FC d'ordre superieur plus nuancees pourraient etre elaborees pour quantifier la capacite de l'individu a evaluer les situations a travers de multiples lentilles culturelles.
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