東華大學圖書館 |

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens./
作者:	Rojas, Camilo Humberto Parada.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
面頁冊數:	203 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12B.
標題:	Infections. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30463938
ISBN:	9798379653309

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.
Rojas, Camilo Humberto Parada.

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 203 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In the United States (U.S.) vegetable production continues to flourish with growers planting larger acreage of vegetable crops every year due to high demand nationally and internationally. However, many vegetable crops exist under emerging or re-emerging soilborne pathogens threats. Plant pathogens persistence in the soil can lead to disease outbreaks occurring year after year if left unmanaged. This can increase production costs and force farmers to rotate to less profitable crops or abandon production fields, resulting in a negative economic impact. Utilizing an integrated approach to combat growing pathogen threats remains key for economic viability of vegetable crops. To manage plant diseases, we rely on effective chemical, biological, and cultural practices. After millennia, the most sought-after cultural practice continues to be host resistance. Today, realizing durable host resistance requires in depth knowledge of both plant immunity and pathogen populations. Considerable knowledge exists on mechanism of plant immunity for model pathosystems, however very little has been translated to orphan crops. With the advent of climate change, careful monitoring of local pathogen populations and improved understanding of pathogen virulence factors become ever more important. Thus, this dissertation aimed at improving the knowledge of pathogen biology, vegetable host susceptibility, and investigated a well-known plant immunity protein family in a non-model vegetable crop.In Chapter 1, I summarize the history of sweetpotato and one of its most devastating pathogens, the soilborne fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata. I recapped the current knowledge of sweetpotato immunity and efforts to improve genome annotations of key plant intracellular immune receptors.In Chapter 2, I began with an effort to screen 40+ cultivars of sweetpotato (including historical and wild relative accessions) against C. fimbriata in greenhouse and field trials. Although these trials did not result in the identification of resistant cultivars, we determined that, in greenhouse trails, smaller (younger) sweetpotato storage roots in greenhouse trials appeared to have more lesions compared to larger (older) roots. This observation led us to design and conduct experiments to study black rot lesion sizes of different grades (as a proxy for age) of sweetpotato. Our findings led us to the discovery that smaller sweetpotatoes are more susceptible to black rot, a case of age-related resistance. This research has directly informed current sweetpotato trials to identify effective fungicides for post-transplant applications.To successfully colonize plant hosts and suppress plant defenses, pathogens evolved a battery of proteins known as effectors. Pathogen effectors constitute another tool in the toolbox to aid in the discovery of host resistance, via "effector assisted breeding". Chapter 3 is dedicated to improve our understanding of C. fimbriata biology by characterizing transcriptional induction of effectors during early stages of infection. We identified a number of predicted effector proteins that provides insight into C. fimbriata infection mechanisms and represent a repertoire to implement effector assisted breeding in sweetpotato.o. In Chapter 4, I applied RenSeq in sweetpotato, a recently developed method to catalog plant immune receptors (NLRs) in plant genomes. We identified NLR loci coordinates within the sweetpotato genome and demonstrated that RenSeq can advance our understanding of resistance and reveal NLR diversity in other orphan polyploid crops. Overall, this dissertation provides 1) new insights into sweetpotato susceptibility to C. fimbriata, 2) a robust set of effectors and NLR annotations that will help accelerate resistance breeding in sweetpotato.

ISBN: 9798379653309Subjects--Topical Terms:

1621997
Infections.

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.
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500 $a Advisor: Davis, Eric;Ashrafi, Hamid;Balint-Kurti, Peter J.;Schultheis, Jonathan;Quesada, Lina.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a In the United States (U.S.) vegetable production continues to flourish with growers planting larger acreage of vegetable crops every year due to high demand nationally and internationally. However, many vegetable crops exist under emerging or re-emerging soilborne pathogens threats. Plant pathogens persistence in the soil can lead to disease outbreaks occurring year after year if left unmanaged. This can increase production costs and force farmers to rotate to less profitable crops or abandon production fields, resulting in a negative economic impact. Utilizing an integrated approach to combat growing pathogen threats remains key for economic viability of vegetable crops. To manage plant diseases, we rely on effective chemical, biological, and cultural practices. After millennia, the most sought-after cultural practice continues to be host resistance. Today, realizing durable host resistance requires in depth knowledge of both plant immunity and pathogen populations. Considerable knowledge exists on mechanism of plant immunity for model pathosystems, however very little has been translated to orphan crops. With the advent of climate change, careful monitoring of local pathogen populations and improved understanding of pathogen virulence factors become ever more important. Thus, this dissertation aimed at improving the knowledge of pathogen biology, vegetable host susceptibility, and investigated a well-known plant immunity protein family in a non-model vegetable crop.In Chapter 1, I summarize the history of sweetpotato and one of its most devastating pathogens, the soilborne fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata. I recapped the current knowledge of sweetpotato immunity and efforts to improve genome annotations of key plant intracellular immune receptors.In Chapter 2, I began with an effort to screen 40+ cultivars of sweetpotato (including historical and wild relative accessions) against C. fimbriata in greenhouse and field trials. Although these trials did not result in the identification of resistant cultivars, we determined that, in greenhouse trails, smaller (younger) sweetpotato storage roots in greenhouse trials appeared to have more lesions compared to larger (older) roots. This observation led us to design and conduct experiments to study black rot lesion sizes of different grades (as a proxy for age) of sweetpotato. Our findings led us to the discovery that smaller sweetpotatoes are more susceptible to black rot, a case of age-related resistance. This research has directly informed current sweetpotato trials to identify effective fungicides for post-transplant applications.To successfully colonize plant hosts and suppress plant defenses, pathogens evolved a battery of proteins known as effectors. Pathogen effectors constitute another tool in the toolbox to aid in the discovery of host resistance, via "effector assisted breeding". Chapter 3 is dedicated to improve our understanding of C. fimbriata biology by characterizing transcriptional induction of effectors during early stages of infection. We identified a number of predicted effector proteins that provides insight into C. fimbriata infection mechanisms and represent a repertoire to implement effector assisted breeding in sweetpotato.o. In Chapter 4, I applied RenSeq in sweetpotato, a recently developed method to catalog plant immune receptors (NLRs) in plant genomes. We identified NLR loci coordinates within the sweetpotato genome and demonstrated that RenSeq can advance our understanding of resistance and reveal NLR diversity in other orphan polyploid crops. Overall, this dissertation provides 1) new insights into sweetpotato susceptibility to C. fimbriata, 2) a robust set of effectors and NLR annotations that will help accelerate resistance breeding in sweetpotato.
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