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Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Cr...

Sheppard, Noemie.

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Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Crayfishes Under Climate Warming.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Crayfishes Under Climate Warming./
作者:	Sheppard, Noemie.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
面頁冊數:	101 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-05.
標題:	Feeds. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30718278
ISBN:	9798380707374

Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Crayfishes Under Climate Warming.
Sheppard, Noemie.

Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Crayfishes Under Climate Warming. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 101 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Climate change is facilitating the spread of warm-adapted species into temperate regions. Predictive risk assessments are needed to determine and prioritize high-impact invasions, but key ecological information on the performance of potential invaders is often lacking. In aquatic ecosystems, introduced crayfishes can cause dramatic changes in community composition, food webs, and ecosystem function. Two species that are considered emerging invasion threats to the Great Lakes basin are the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), which has a global invasion history, and the marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis), a popular pet species that reproduces parthenogenetically.My research applied an experimental design that quantified and compared per capita effects of P. clarkii and P. virginalis by testing their functional responses-the rate of resource consumption in relation to resource availability-at two temperatures, 18°C and 26°C, reflecting current and projected mean maximum summer surface temperatures, respectively, for the nearshore Great Lakes. In one set of experiments, I tested the effect of reproductive status on the feeding behaviour of P. virginalis. I found that gravid state significantly reduced feeding rates at both 18°C and 26°C, and temperature had an effect only on the length and frequency of gravid stages. In a second set of experiments, I tested the effects of temperature on consumption of animal and plant resources, including situations when an alternative food source was present (permitting. resource switching). In these experiments, P. clarkii consumed more animal prey and macrophytes than P. virginalis at either temperature. During resource-switching experiments, P. virginalis at 18°C and P. clarkii at 26°C had higher consumption rates of animal prey, and P. virginalis at 18°C exhibited higher consumption rates of macrophytes than P. clarkiiat 18°C. Collectively, these experiments revealed the complexity of the effects of temperature, phenology, resource availability and species identity on consumer-resource interactions.

ISBN: 9798380707374Subjects--Topical Terms:

659935
Feeds.

Trophic Impacts of Invasive Alien Crayfishes Under Climate Warming.
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520 $a Climate change is facilitating the spread of warm-adapted species into temperate regions. Predictive risk assessments are needed to determine and prioritize high-impact invasions, but key ecological information on the performance of potential invaders is often lacking. In aquatic ecosystems, introduced crayfishes can cause dramatic changes in community composition, food webs, and ecosystem function. Two species that are considered emerging invasion threats to the Great Lakes basin are the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), which has a global invasion history, and the marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis), a popular pet species that reproduces parthenogenetically.My research applied an experimental design that quantified and compared per capita effects of P. clarkii and P. virginalis by testing their functional responses-the rate of resource consumption in relation to resource availability-at two temperatures, 18°C and 26°C, reflecting current and projected mean maximum summer surface temperatures, respectively, for the nearshore Great Lakes. In one set of experiments, I tested the effect of reproductive status on the feeding behaviour of P. virginalis. I found that gravid state significantly reduced feeding rates at both 18°C and 26°C, and temperature had an effect only on the length and frequency of gravid stages. In a second set of experiments, I tested the effects of temperature on consumption of animal and plant resources, including situations when an alternative food source was present (permitting. resource switching). In these experiments, P. clarkii consumed more animal prey and macrophytes than P. virginalis at either temperature. During resource-switching experiments, P. virginalis at 18°C and P. clarkii at 26°C had higher consumption rates of animal prey, and P. virginalis at 18°C exhibited higher consumption rates of macrophytes than P. clarkiiat 18°C. Collectively, these experiments revealed the complexity of the effects of temperature, phenology, resource availability and species identity on consumer-resource interactions.
520 $a Le changement climatique facilite la propagation d'especes tropicales vers les regions temperees. Des previsions de risques sont necessaires pour determiner et donner la priorite aux invasions a fort impact, mais les informations ecologiques essentielles sur les performances des envahisseurs potentiels font souvent defaut. Dans les ecosystemes aquatiques, les ecrevisses introduites peuvent provoquer des changements spectaculaires dans la composition des communautes, les reseaux alimentaires et le fonctionnement des ecosystemes. Deux especes considerees comme des menaces d'invasion emergentes dans le bassin des Grands Lacs sont l'ecrevisse de Louisiane (Procambarus clarkii), qui a une zone d'invasion mondiale, et l'ecrevisse marbree (Procambarus virginalis), une espece populaire pour les aquariophiles, qui se reproduit parthenogenetiquement.Pour mes recherches j'ai utilise un protocole experimental qui m'a permis de quantifier et comparer les effets par capita de P. clarkii et de P. virginalis en testant leurs reponses fonctionnelles - le taux de consommation des ressources par rapport a leur disponibilite - a deux temperatures differentes, 18°C et 26°C, qui refletent les temperatures de surface estivales maximales moyennes actuelles ainsi que previsionnelles pour le littoral des Grands Lacs. Dans une premiere serie d'experiences, j'ai teste l'effet du statut reproductif sur le comportement de consommation de P. virginalis. J'ai trouve que l'etat gravide reduisait de facon significative les taux d'alimentation a 18°C et 26°C, et que la temperature avait un effet uniquement sur la longueur et la frequence des etats gravides. Dans une deuxieme serie d'experiences, j'ai teste les effets de la temperature sur la consommation de ressources animales et vegetales, y compris dans des situations ou une source alternative de nourriture etait presente (i.e. transition des ressources). Dans ces experiences, P. clarkii a consomme plus de proies animales et de macrophytes que P. virginalis quelle que soit la temperature. Pendant les experiences de transition entre les ressources, P. virginalis a 18°C et P. clarkii a 26°C ont eu des taux de consommation de proies animales plus eleves, et P. virginalis a 18°C a presente des taux de consommation de macrophytes plus eleves que P. clarkiia 18°C. Collectivement, ces experiences ont revele la complexite des effets de la temperature, de la phenologie, de la disponibilite des ressources et des especes sur les interactions consommateur-ressource.
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