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Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter ...

Dilley, Eric Ryan.

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Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter for Herbivores and Reef Health in Early Recruitment Success.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter for Herbivores and Reef Health in Early Recruitment Success./
Author:	Dilley, Eric Ryan.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	63 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-01.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30248182
ISBN:	9798379893637

Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter for Herbivores and Reef Health in Early Recruitment Success.
Dilley, Eric Ryan.

Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter for Herbivores and Reef Health in Early Recruitment Success. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 63 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Survival and growth of new coral recruits is crucial for reef restoration, yet few details are known about coral demography during the first several years post-settlement. We experimentally tested how reef health and shelter availability for fishes and sea urchins affect juvenile coral demographic rates on coral-restoration platforms. On the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i, we deployed cubic-meter concrete modules in both low- and high-shelter configurations at the relatively degraded reef off Waikiki Beach and the relatively healthy reef at Hanauma Bay. Naturally settling corals, especially of the genera Pocillopora, Montipora, and Porites, were mapped and sized quarterly to track individual colony recruitment, survival, and growth for nearly the first four years post-deployment. We predicted that demographic metrics would be enhanced on high-shelter modules at both sites by providing refugia for herbivores (Shelter Hypothesis), and on all modules in the relatively healthy reefscape at Hanauma Bay (Reefscape Hypothesis). Across experimental modules, overgrowth of coral by benthic algae was negatively correlated with herbivore biomass, which was greater on high-shelter modules, and in turn, total coral cover often benefited from reduced algal abundance. However, the shelter effect was evident only for recruitment of the genus Pocillopora, as well as for survival of Porites. We hypothesize that this weak trend was due to very low recruitment of herbivores, except for a single pulse of sea urchins at Hanauma Bay. Significant patterns for Montipora and Pocillopora were more consistent with the benefits of a healthy reefscape. Compared to Waikiki, corals at Hanauma Bay experienced higher recruitment (Montipora only), survival (Pocillopora only), and growth (Montipora only), with none of the predicted patterns occurring for Porites. We conclude that determinants of coral recruitment success in this Hawaiian system are idiosyncratic at small scales, due to fine-scale variation in larval settlement and environment, as well as differences in biology and life history among genera. Nonetheless, on average, herbivores benefitted corals by reducing competition with benthic algae, and the context of a healthy reefscape did enhance two common corals. We recommend that reef managers implement policies fostering herbivory, especially on coral restoration structures in degraded habitat and where patches of healthy reef occur nearby, to facilitate coral recruitment, survival, and growth.

ISBN: 9798379893637Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Artificial coral heads

Coral Restoration: Roles of Shelter for Herbivores and Reef Health in Early Recruitment Success.
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300 $a 63 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01.
500 $a Advisor: Hixon, Mark A.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Survival and growth of new coral recruits is crucial for reef restoration, yet few details are known about coral demography during the first several years post-settlement. We experimentally tested how reef health and shelter availability for fishes and sea urchins affect juvenile coral demographic rates on coral-restoration platforms. On the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i, we deployed cubic-meter concrete modules in both low- and high-shelter configurations at the relatively degraded reef off Waikiki Beach and the relatively healthy reef at Hanauma Bay. Naturally settling corals, especially of the genera Pocillopora, Montipora, and Porites, were mapped and sized quarterly to track individual colony recruitment, survival, and growth for nearly the first four years post-deployment. We predicted that demographic metrics would be enhanced on high-shelter modules at both sites by providing refugia for herbivores (Shelter Hypothesis), and on all modules in the relatively healthy reefscape at Hanauma Bay (Reefscape Hypothesis). Across experimental modules, overgrowth of coral by benthic algae was negatively correlated with herbivore biomass, which was greater on high-shelter modules, and in turn, total coral cover often benefited from reduced algal abundance. However, the shelter effect was evident only for recruitment of the genus Pocillopora, as well as for survival of Porites. We hypothesize that this weak trend was due to very low recruitment of herbivores, except for a single pulse of sea urchins at Hanauma Bay. Significant patterns for Montipora and Pocillopora were more consistent with the benefits of a healthy reefscape. Compared to Waikiki, corals at Hanauma Bay experienced higher recruitment (Montipora only), survival (Pocillopora only), and growth (Montipora only), with none of the predicted patterns occurring for Porites. We conclude that determinants of coral recruitment success in this Hawaiian system are idiosyncratic at small scales, due to fine-scale variation in larval settlement and environment, as well as differences in biology and life history among genera. Nonetheless, on average, herbivores benefitted corals by reducing competition with benthic algae, and the context of a healthy reefscape did enhance two common corals. We recommend that reef managers implement policies fostering herbivory, especially on coral restoration structures in degraded habitat and where patches of healthy reef occur nearby, to facilitate coral recruitment, survival, and growth.
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650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 2122748
653 $a Artificial coral heads
653 $a Coral restoration
653 $a Demography
653 $a Herbivore
653 $a Juvenile coral
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710 2 $a University of Hawai'i at Manoa. $b Marine Biology. $3 3433997
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 85-01.
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