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Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using G...

Kuhle, Cameron Ross.

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Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska./
Author:	Kuhle, Cameron Ross.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	61 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International84-11.
Subject:	Environmental geology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30486760
ISBN:	9798379509866

Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.
Kuhle, Cameron Ross.

Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 61 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alaska Anchorage, 2023.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Peat carbon (C) is known to be one of the largest pools of soil C globally and is sensitive to environmental and climatic changes. Peatlands in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge (KNWR) have been studied for their hydrology, vegetation composition and succession, peat accumulation, and similar characteristics, but the mass of stored C is yet unknown. KNWR peatlands are expected to comprise significant reserves of sequestered C, thus we used a synthesis of soil and wetland surveying techniques to generate estimates of C mass at two sites selected for suitable topography and hydrology. After a probing campaign measuring peat depth at 208 points across both sites, a low-frequency (100 MHz) GPR instrument was utilized to identify peat basal horizons. Radar velocities (mean values 0.039 m/ns and 0.036 m/ns) were calibrated with probing depths to convert radar reflection travel times to depth measurements and ensure their accuracy. This method allowed the collection of many more data points than probing alone - two orders of magnitude greater (~23,000 traces over ~5 km) in half the time. Peat cores were extracted from each site and sampled at regular intervals for elemental analyses and Loss-OnIgnition testing conducted in UAA laboratories, and for dating. The analytical results C content and bulk density informed the primary study objective, while ancillary measures of C isotopes, organic matter content, nitrogen content, and 14C dating contextualize the data and illustrate historical trends. C content and bulk density were used to calculate total C mass given basin volume estimates calculated from ordinary kriging interpolations of the probe and GPR depth data. Estimates of C mass are 3,920 and 3,244 metric tons C for the two sites. Probing and combined (GPR and probing) interpolations were compared and significant reductions (one order of magnitude) in surface depth prediction error were noted in the results with GPR data. Comparable surface areas yield areal densities of approximately 2,000 and 1,500 metric tons C per hectare, respectively. Site conditions and properties differed between sites despite proximity and thus similar climatic influences; it is hypothesized these variances in bulk density, vegetation abundance and diversity, and surface water presence are subject to the influences of local topography, subsurface hydraulic connectivity, and the establishment history of peat-forming vegetation.

ISBN: 9798379509866Subjects--Topical Terms:

535218
Environmental geology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Carbon mass

Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.
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245 1 0 $a Quantifying Peat Carbon Mass Using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Probing in Peatlands of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2023
300 $a 61 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11.
500 $a Advisor: Klein, Eric.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alaska Anchorage, 2023.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Peat carbon (C) is known to be one of the largest pools of soil C globally and is sensitive to environmental and climatic changes. Peatlands in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge (KNWR) have been studied for their hydrology, vegetation composition and succession, peat accumulation, and similar characteristics, but the mass of stored C is yet unknown. KNWR peatlands are expected to comprise significant reserves of sequestered C, thus we used a synthesis of soil and wetland surveying techniques to generate estimates of C mass at two sites selected for suitable topography and hydrology. After a probing campaign measuring peat depth at 208 points across both sites, a low-frequency (100 MHz) GPR instrument was utilized to identify peat basal horizons. Radar velocities (mean values 0.039 m/ns and 0.036 m/ns) were calibrated with probing depths to convert radar reflection travel times to depth measurements and ensure their accuracy. This method allowed the collection of many more data points than probing alone - two orders of magnitude greater (~23,000 traces over ~5 km) in half the time. Peat cores were extracted from each site and sampled at regular intervals for elemental analyses and Loss-OnIgnition testing conducted in UAA laboratories, and for dating. The analytical results C content and bulk density informed the primary study objective, while ancillary measures of C isotopes, organic matter content, nitrogen content, and 14C dating contextualize the data and illustrate historical trends. C content and bulk density were used to calculate total C mass given basin volume estimates calculated from ordinary kriging interpolations of the probe and GPR depth data. Estimates of C mass are 3,920 and 3,244 metric tons C for the two sites. Probing and combined (GPR and probing) interpolations were compared and significant reductions (one order of magnitude) in surface depth prediction error were noted in the results with GPR data. Comparable surface areas yield areal densities of approximately 2,000 and 1,500 metric tons C per hectare, respectively. Site conditions and properties differed between sites despite proximity and thus similar climatic influences; it is hypothesized these variances in bulk density, vegetation abundance and diversity, and surface water presence are subject to the influences of local topography, subsurface hydraulic connectivity, and the establishment history of peat-forming vegetation.
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650 4 $a Environmental geology. $3 535218
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
653 $a Carbon mass
653 $a Peat probing
653 $a Peatland carbon
653 $a Hydrology
653 $a Nitrogen content
690 $a 0407
690 $a 0425
710 2 $a University of Alaska Anchorage. $b Applied Geological Sciences. $3 3762464
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 84-11.
790 $a 0922
791 $a M.S.
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793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30486760